In its place he established an effectively autocratic structure, a shift later epitomized in the institution's name: it would be called a consistorium (" consistory "), not a council.

While the Curiate Assembly did have the power to pass laws that had been submitted by the king, the Senate was effectively an honorary council.

Luther now effectively denied the authority of both pope and council.

In 1258 seven leading barons forced Henry to agree to the Provisions of Oxford, which effectively abolished the absolutist Anglo-Norman monarchy, giving power to a council of fifteen barons to deal with the business of government and providing for a thrice-yearly meeting of parliament to monitor their performance.

And during the seventh session of the council, the bishops had Vigilius stricken from the diptychs for his refusal to appear at the council and approve its proceedings, effectively excommunicating him personally but not the rest of the Western Church.

A few years later Throop College became the California Institute of Technology ( Caltech ), and Millikan left the University of Chicago in order to become Caltech's " chairman of the executive council " ( effectively its president ).

However, using the Public Act 72 of 1990, Governor John Engler appointed a emergency financial manager to take over the financial operations of the city in December 2000, effectively relegating the mayor, city council, and other elected public officers to advisory roles.

An ordinance passed by the council in 2011 shifted elections from May to November, effectively extending the term of current members by six months.

The county council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts ( the metropolitan boroughs ) are now effectively unitary authority areas.

He had earlier been effectively excommunicated by the rabbinical council of Amsterdam for his perceived heresies.

Cartier also played a leading role in pushing through legislative reform that effectively abolished the semi-feudal seigneurial system of land ownership in Lower Canada, turning its legislative council into an elected body of representatives, and pushed successfully for the adoption of the Civil Code within the province.

The council had refused to allow a secret agreement between it, the developers and state government to be released which effectively allowed for the transfer of ownership of a large amount of crown land to private owners.

On 8 August 1829 Charles X appointed him to the ministry of foreign affairs and in the following November Polignac became president of the council, effectively the most powerful politician in France.

Originally, the M65 was planned to go via the town centre of Blackburn, but opposition by the local council effectively killed this plan off, which was cancelled by the Thatcher government in 1980 until the 1990s.

The speaker is, effectively, majority leader of the council.

In 1258, seven leading barons forced Henry to agree and swear an oath to the Provisions of Oxford, which effectively abolished the absolutist Anglo-Norman monarchy, giving power to a council of fifteen barons to deal with the business of government and providing for a thrice-yearly meeting of parliament to monitor their performance.

All secretaries are appointed to the council, transforming the council effectively into a cabinet.

Since the Second Vatican Council, the distinction between choir monks and lay brothers has been deemphasized, as the council allowed the Divine Office to be said in the vernacular language, effectively opening participation to all of the monks.

With the increased demand for groundwater in the area from council, commercial and urban users, more information was required to effectively manage the resource whereas previously the location and density of monitoring stations would not provide enough data.

The movement for responsible government which had been growing under Sydenham is now so strong that Bagot realizes that to govern effectively he must admit French leaders to his executive council.

At the 17th Party Congress in October 2007, Bo gained a seat on the 25-member Politburo, effectively China's ruling council.

The county council was abolished in 1986 and Birmingham effectively reverted to being a unitary authority although sharing some services with other authorities in the county.

This was formerly a sandstone quarry and then used as the council refuse tip before becoming a carpark, part of the overgrown and rocky bluff separating Aberdour's two bays.

" While the document itself is not in any way actual law, it is used by the town council, board of adjustment, and other committees to guide decision making as to what types of development are appropriate.

While Constantinople experienced a succession of councils alternately approving and condemning doctrine concerning hesychasm considered as identified with Palamism ( the last of the five senses in which, according to Kallistos Ware, the term is used ), the Western Church held no council in which to make a pronouncement on the issue, and the word " hesychasm " does not appear in the Enchiridion Symbolorum et Definitionum ( Handbook of Creeds and Definitions ), the collection of Roman Catholic teachings originally compiled by Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger.

It has been used particularly in the context of the Northern Irish peace process during the negotiation of the Belfast Agreement, as a neutral name for the proposed council.

In accordance with the Constitution, the King ( as Supreme Commander ) used to " operate and use " the " Royal Nepal Army on the recommendation " of this council.

Cyril, however, used the opportunity to further attack Nestorius, who pleaded with Emperor Theodosius II to call a council so that all grievances could be aired.

Proportional representation ( PR ) is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council.

This now appears to be bearing fruit, as a considerable quantity of new housing has been built and more is under construction on the vacant lots where council properties used to stand, some of considerable size.

The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France.

Therefore, like other single seat methods, if used to elect a council or legislature it will not produce proportional representation ( PR ).

When the use of the letter yogh was discontinued, it was often replaced by the similar-looking letter z, hence Zetland, the mis-spelled form used to describe the pre-1975 county council.

The city council used Latin and German.

The concept evolved in Ancient Greece, whereby a council of famous citizens was commonly used and contrasted with direct democracy in which a council of male citizens was appointed as their " senate ".

The council, in speaking of Mary, used a biblical approach, with strong emphasis on her pilgrimage of faith.

The English had become used to the king ruling in council, with the advice of his chief men, but Harthacnut had ruled autocratically in Denmark and he was not willing to change, particularly as he did not fully trust the leading earls.

One version of what is believed to be the town's oldest town seal, which the council used, and which dated from the first half of the 14th century, set the pattern with its elements for various civic coats of arms down to the present day.

In 2006, the island was used as the location for the tribal council in the US TV program Survivor: Cook Islands.

In s. 2 of the Act each council formed for a county is allocated the respective English and Welsh descriptions of " County Council " or " Cyngor Sir ", each council formed for a County Borough is allocated the respective descriptions of " County Borough Council " or " Cyngor Bwrdeistref Sirol "; in all cases the shorter alternative forms " Council " or " Cyngor " can be used.

The title of THE Lord Protector was originally used by royal princes or other nobles exercising an individual regency ( i. e., not merely member of a collegial regency council ) while the English monarch was still a minor or otherwise unable to rule.

It is in a register of deliberations of the city council dated the 15 July 1683 that this coat of arms was used for the first time.

About 100 years after the abbey school occupied the hospitium, and after the dissolution of the monasteries, Reading town council created a new town hall by inserting an upper floor into the hospitium's refectory, leaving the lower floor to be used by the school.

The office wing held the council room that was used for interrogating prisoners, the Bastille's library, and servants ' quarters.

In the 1990s the Hove borough council used the slogan " Hove, Actually " to promote the town for tourism.