# Contempt " in the face of the court " ( not to be taken literally ; the judge does not need to see it, provided it took place within the court precincts or relates to a case currently before that court );

# Disobedience of a court order ; and

# Breaches of undertakings to the court.

# Failure to attend at court despite a subpoena requiring attendance.

# Failure to comply with a court order.

# Indirect contempt occurs outside the immediate presence of the court and consists of disobedience of a court's prior order.

* Hokusai: Poem # 12, image of ceremonial event in Ninmyō's court

# the complaint must be buttressed by a comprehensive memorandum, not filed in court, but served on the government detailing the factual underpinnings of the complaint.

# " Spearheading the shift from impunity to accountability ", pointing out that, until very recently, it was the only court judging crimes committed as part of the Yugoslav conflict, since prosecutors in the former Yugoslavia were, as a rule, reluctant to prosecute such crimes ;

# Where the sentence for the offence to which the finding relates is fixed by law ( e. g. murder ), the court must make a hospital order restricting discharge without limitation of time.

# In any other case the court may make:

# The position in the court hierarchy of the court which decided the precedent, relative to the position in the court trying the current case.

# Once the applicable law is decided, that law must be proved before the forum court and applied to reach a judgment.

# the court will apply the law of the forum ( lex fori ) to all procedural matters ( including, self-evidently, the choice of law rules ); and

# a court order ( for example in family proceedings ).

# In the immediately preceding seven-year period has commenced, prosecuted, or maintained in propria persona at least five litigations other than in a small claims court that have been ( i ) finally determined adversely to the person or ( ii ) unjustifiably permitted to remain pending at least two years without having been brought to trial or hearing.

# Has previously been declared to be a vexatious litigant by any state or federal court of record in any action or proceeding based upon the same or substantially similar facts, transaction, or occurrence.

# REDIRECT Supreme court

# Causation: There must be a causal connection between the injury and the conduct complained of, so that the injury is fairly traceable to the challenged action of the defendant and not the result of the independent action of some third party who is not before the court.

# Redressability: It must be likely, as opposed to merely speculative, that a favorable court decision will redress the injury.

# If morality is objective and absolute, God must exist.

# Therefore, God must exist.

# The hijacking or control takeover of an aircraft must be a result of unlawful use of violence or an attempt to use violence ;

# The unlawful act must be committed on board of an aircraft ( that is, by a person being on board of an aircraft, e. g. a passenger or crew member.

# It is not possible to know the value of all the properties of the system at the same time ; those properties that are not known exactly must be described by probabilities.

# Therefore, a First Cause ( or something that is not an effect ) must exist.

# Commonality — there must be one or more legal or factual claims common to the entire class ( in some cases, it must be shown that the common issues will predominate the proceedings over individual issues, such as the amount of damages due to a particular class member ),

# Adequacy — the representative parties must adequately protect the interests of the class,

# Numerosity — the class must be so large as to make individual suits impractical ( in other words, that the class action is a superior vehicle for resolution than numerous individual suits ), and

# Typicality — the claims or defenses must be typical of the plaintiffs or defendants.

# A definition must set out the essential attributes of the thing defined.

# The definition must not be too wide or too narrow.

# The definition must not be obscure.

# The time value of money ( risk-free rate ) – according to the theory of time preference, investors would rather have cash immediately than having to wait and must therefore be compensated by paying for the delay.

# It is not good enough to have ideas, you must also be able to implement them and know they work.

# there must be a public emergency threatening the life of the nation ;

# any measures taken in response must be " strictly required by the exigencies of the situation ", and

# the measures taken in response to it, must be in compliance with a state's other obligations under international law

# Half-reactions must be multiplied by integers to achieve electron balance.

# An unavoidable set contains regions such that every map must have at least one region from this collection.

# The giver must declare to Allah his intention to give the Zakat.

# The Zakat must be paid on the day that it is due.

# After the Offering, the payer must not exaggerate on spending his money more than usual means.

# Payment must be in kind.