The concept of " cross "- examination is entirely due to adversarial structure of the common law.

The opinions by a jury or judge are often changed during cross examination if doubt is cast on the witness.

Generally speaking, leading questions will be more liberally permitted on re-direct in order to establish a foundation and call the attention of the witness to specific testimony elicited on cross examination.

In some countries, sharia courts, with their tradition of pro se representation, simple rules of evidence, and absence of appeals courts, prosecutors, cross examination, complex documentary evidence and discovery proceedings, juries and voir dire proceedings, circumstantial evidence, forensics, case law, standardized codes, exclusionary rules, and most of the other infrastructure of civil and common law court systems, have as a result, comparatively informal and streamlined proceedings.

As a House freshman, Reed was appointed to the Potter Commission, which was to investigate voting irregularities in the presidential election of 1876, where his skill at cross examination forced Democrat Samuel J. Tilden to personally appear to defend his reputation.

In the context of a trial, for example, the participation model would require that the defendant be afforded an opportunity to be present at the trial, to put on evidence, cross examination witnesses, and so forth.

His cross examination questions mostly started with " Is it your testimony ..." and would simply force the witness to repeat testimony already given.

Norma breaks down under cross examination and her father comes to comfort her on the witness stand.

Criminal defenders, professors, and other lawyers use the film to demonstrate voir dire and cross examination, and United States Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia has cited My Cousin Vinny as an example of the principle that a client can choose his own lawyer.

He claimed the defendants had "' entrapped ' him into giving a television interview that turned out to be a ' cross examination ' by Roger Mudd, who acted as ' prosecutor, judge, and jury.

On cross examination, Roy Wright testified that Patterson " was not involved with the girls, but that, " The long, tall, black fellow had the pistol.

Under cross examination she went into detail, adding that someone also held a knife to the white boy, Gilley, during the rapes.

On cross examination, Bridges testified detecting no movement in the spermatozoa found in either woman.

He got Dr. Bridges to agree on cross examination that " the best you can say about the whole case is that both of these women showed they had sexual intercourse?

Haywood Patterson testified on his own behalf that he had not seen the women before stopping in Paint Rock ; he withstood a cross examination from Knight who " shouted, shook his finger at, and ran back and forth in front of the defendant ".

With his eye tuned to the southern jury, Knight picked up on her northern dress in cross examination.

Judge Callahan kept interrupting Price's cross examination, calling defense questions " arguing with the witness ", " immaterial, " useless ", " a waste of time " and even " illegal ".

Another Garrison witness, Charles Spiesel, said, under cross examination, that he had filed a lawsuit in 1964 against a psychiatrist and the City of New York.

Both types of critique find expression in academic essays, policy position papers, trade journals, periodicals, political and religious leaflets, civic testimony, and judicial cross examination.

Some areas and tournaments ( such as the Harvard National Congress or Deerfield National Debate ), rather than using the relatively new one minute mandatory questioning period, revert to old NFL rules and use the remaining time a speech has before three minutes have elapsed for cross examination in order to allow for more speeches in a session.

Several aspects of NEDA make it distinct from other debate organizations, including the ability to decide topicality at the end of the constructive speeches, the ability of judges to give " double losses " in those cases in which neither team argues in a manner consistent befitting a public advocate, closed cross examination, and a focus on argumentation and delivery.

Throughout the trial Jeena Han was never allowed to testify on her own behalf and cross examination of key points of the case never took place.

Most famous was his 1885 cross examination of Sir Charles Dilke in a famous divorce case, which essentially destroyed Dilke's political career and launched that of Matthews.

In cross examination, Bashir's attorney objected to most of the questions, citing the California Constitution's journalist shield law and the First Amendment privilege for journalists, which he believed exempted Bashir from questions relating to unpublished footage of his documentary, or information about how it was prepared and produced.

The outstanding example was in Garibaldi And The Thousand, where he made use of unpublished papers of Lord John Russell and English consular materials to reveal the motives which led the British government to permit Garibaldi to cross the Straits of Messina.

A special guard was posted at my end of the bridge to make sure I didn't cross, the ludicrousness of the situation being revealed fully in that everyone else -- men, women, and children, dogs, cats, horses, cars, trucks, baby carriages -- could cross Kehl bridge into Kehl without surveillance.

Whether the only price of our redemption were not the death of Christ on the cross, with the rest of his sufferings and obediences, in the time of his life here, after he was born of the Virgin Mary??

Even though he would later be resurrected, he was at this moment dead indeed, the expression on his face reflecting what he had gone through on the cross.

In fact, it was not until the King of Spain had visited at Pickfair that Mary and Doug were beckoned to cross the sacred barriers which separate Los Angeles and Pasadena from the hoi-polloi.

Mythographers agree that Artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of Apollo, or that Artemis was born one day before Apollo, on the island of Ortygia and that she helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to Apollo.

Ra II, a ship built from papyrus, was successfully sailed across the Atlantic by Thor Heyerdahl proving that it was possible to cross the Atlantic from Africa using such boats in early epochs of history.

* In 1980, Gérard d ' Aboville was the first man to cross the Atlantic Ocean rowing solo.

Straboromanos tried to give her his cross, but for Anna this was not sufficiently large enough so that all bystanders could witness the oath.

Among these gifts was reputed to be a piece of the true cross, a true treasure for the devout Saxon king.

A second time he was excommunicated ; but in 1146 he took the cross at the meeting of Vezelay called by Louis VII, and in August, 1147 embarked for the East in the Second Crusade.

Phillip's plan was for a squadron of three ships of the line and a frigate to mount a raid on Buenos Aires and Monte Video, then to proceed to the coasts of Chile, Peru and Mexico to maraud, and ultimately to cross the Pacific to join the British Navy's East India squadron for an attack on Manila.

The first party to successfully cross the Blue Mountains just outside Sydney was led by Gregory Blaxland in 1813, 25 years after the colony was established.

While the early explorers used horses to cross the outback, the first woman to make the journey riding a horse was Anna Hingley, who rode from Broome to Cairns in 2006.

" He went out and saw an angel who wore a girdle with a cross, one resembling the holy Eskiem ( Tonsure or Schema ), and on his head was a head cover ( Kolansowa ).

The Third Army had 3 infantry divisions and was assigned to cross the Stranja mountain and to take the fortress of Lozengrad ( Kirk Kilisse ).

When this was rebuffed he made an attempt to cross back to Italy to collect his missing troops but was turned back by a storm.

The plan was sound if all its parts were implemented, but it allowed Marlborough to cross the Nebel without serious interference and fight the battle he had in mind.

Whilst these events around Blenheim and Lutzingen were taking place, Marlborough was preparing to cross the Nebel.

Although Henry Lumley ’ s British cavalry had managed to cross the marshy ground around the Petite Gheete, it was soon evident to Marlborough that sufficient cavalry support would not be practicable and that the battle could not be won on the Allied right.