Just as the pressure exerted by surface tension in a spherical drop is Af and the pressure exerted by surface tension on a cylindrical shape is Af, the pressure exerted by any curved surface is Af, where **yg is the interfacial tension and Af and Af are the two radii of curvature.

The Swiss alphorn varies in shape according to the locality, being curved near the bell in the Bernese Oberland.

The lowercase version has retained the curved shape of a medieval scribe's d, which d itself in general has not.

But by the 1st century AD, Pliny the Elder was in a position to claim that everyone agrees on the spherical shape of Earth, although there continued to be disputes regarding the nature of the antipodes, and how it is possible to keep the ocean in a curved shape.

Archtop guitars are steel-string instruments in which the top ( and often the back ) of the instrument are carved from a solid billet in a curved rather than a flat shape ; this violin-like construction is usually credited to the American Orville Gibson ( 1856 – 1918 ).

The spearhead was usually a curved leaf shape, while the rear of the spear had a spike called a sauroter (' lizard-killer ') which was used to stand the spear in the ground ( hence the name ).

At about the male's dorsal fin is more than twice the size of the female's and is more of a triangular shape — a tall, elongated isosceles triangle — whereas hers is shorter and more curved.

* The novel The Integral Trees features long straight floating trees which are curved at each end in opposite directions, giving them the shape of the mathematical integral sign, but are themselves integral to the life cycle of the inhabitants.

Other curved surfaces may also focus light, but with aberrations due to the diverging shape causing the focus to be smeared out in space.

The modern lowercase shape goes back to the uncial form x14px, a form that developed during the 3rd century BC in ancient handwriting on papyrus, from a flattened-out form of the letter ( x16px ) that had its edges curved even further upwards.

: Simple or compound shape outlines are drawn with curved or straight lines that can be filled in, outlined, or used as a clipping path.

The tail should be expressive, held low when the dog is relaxed, and curved upward in a " sickle " shape when excited or interested in something.

Alpine skis are wider at the tip and tail than they are at the waist ; when rotated onto their edge, known as " edging ", this causes the ski to bend into a curved shape and allows them to " carve " a turn.

While old fashioned " straight skis " which had little side cut could carve turns, great leg strength was required to generate the enormous pressure necessary to flex them into a curved shape, a shape called reverse camber.

* A ' C ' shape represents a hand where the thumb and fingers are curved, but not enough to touch.

Straight lines represent straight fingers ( these may be at an angle to indicate that they are not in line with the palm ; if they point toward or away from the signer, they have a diamond shape at the tip ); curved lines for curved ( cupped ) fingers ; hooked lines for hooked fingers ; right-angle lines, for fingers bent at only one joint ; and crossed lines, for crossed fingers, as shown in the chart at right.

The semi-circular shape ensures that a ray pointing towards the centre of the flat face will hit the curved surface at a right angle ; this will prevent refraction at the air / glass boundary of the curved surface.

The main advantage of wok beyond its constructed material is its curved concave shape.

This design utilizes a single piece of material and becomes flexible by removal of material along a spiral path resulting in a curved flexible beam of helical shape.

The scutum originally had an oval shape, but gradually the curved tops and sides were cut to produce the familiar rectangular shape most commonly seen in the early Imperial legions.

For shapes with curved boundary, calculus is usually required to compute the area.

Ancylopoda is a group of browsing, herbivorous, mammals in the Perissodactyla that show long, curved and cleft claws.

The area between the east and west coast highlands, which north of 17 ° N is mainly desert, is divided into separate basins by other bands of high ground, one of which runs nearly centrally through North Africa in a line corresponding roughly with the curved axis of the continent as a whole.

Of significant note is that it was the first new game for the system whose game card has an authentic " curved lip " plastic shell.

Under this formalism, angular momentum is the 2-form Noether charge associated with rotational invariance ( As a result, angular momentum is not conserved for general curved spacetimes, unless it happens to be asymptotically rotationally invariant ).

However, an episode of Richard Hammond's Engineering Connections relating to the Keck Observatory ( whose reflector glass is based on the Archimedes ' Mirror ) did successfully use a much smaller curved mirror to burn a wooden model, though not made of the same quality of materials as in the MythBusters effort.

While tests have been done to support this with fixed pieces of flat metal, the result is inconclusive with respect to the curved armour of the period. Given the following actions of the archers, it seems likely Froissart was correct.

The bill is short, curved and brown-black in color.

All observers agree that the surface of rotating water is curved.

There is debate as to whether time exists only in the present or whether far away times are just as real as far away spaces, and there is debate as to whether space is curved.

The calyx is tubular or campanulate, they are slightly curved or straight, and the limbs are often 2-lipped with five teeth.

It is flat or slightly curved.

The smaller the fretboard radius, the more noticeably curved the fretboard is.

The Ionic order is also marked by an entasis, a curved tapering in the column shaft.

Centripetal force ( from Latin centrum " center " and petere " to seek ") is a force that makes a body follow a curved path: its direction is always orthogonal to the velocity of the body, toward the fixed point of the instantaneous center of curvature of the path.

The centripetal force demanded by the curved motion also is shown above.

The curved broadhead did not penetrate but caused 0. 3 " of deformation of the metal.

Armed already with a blazing, heavy shot, his curved blade caused the puck to veer high and at all different angles.

When Mädler observed this area in the 1830s, he noted variations in the curved dark streaks that form this mare, leading him to speculate that the changes were caused by vegetation.

Panoramic interior view of the Beinecke mezzanine level ( the curved lines are caused by a wide-angle lens used to take the photograph )

The long rigid wheelbase caused problems on tightly curved track, so blind drivers were the norm, either on the central axle, and / or on the second and / or fourth axles.

The probe has also detected the so-called geodetic effect, a much larger effect caused by space-time being ' curved ' by the mass of the Earth.

Most of the loss, however, is caused by the curved and angled turbine blades, which do not absorb kinetic energy from the fluid mass as well as radially straight blades.

Cylindrical perspective is a form of distortion caused by fisheye and panoramic lenses which reproduce straight horizontal lines above and below the lens axis level as curved while reproducing straight horizontal lines on lens axis level as straight.

Campylobacteriosis is caused by Campylobacter bacteria ( curved or spiral, motile, non – spore-forming, Gram-negative rods ).

This caused the shot to rise above the natural line of sight very soon after leaving the muzzle, and later dropping below the line of sight due to the curved trajectory of the shot.

This treats gravitation as a geometric phenomenon (' curved spacetime ') caused by masses and represents the gravitational field mathematically by a tensor field called the metric tensor.

Newtonian gravitation is now superseded by Einstein's theory of general relativity, in which gravitation is thought of as being due to a curved spacetime, caused by masses.

With a sharply curved needle and catgut, he closed the wound by continuous suture, overcoming great difficulty caused by the heart pulsations.

Other portraits of Pope markedly fail to display his curved spine ( caused by a tubercular infection received at the age of 10 ).