Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error — that every person must have two births — the natural birth of the physical body, the other of the water and the spirit.

In contrast, Protestants believe that the Church has only spoken infallibly through the Scriptures since the time of the Apostles, and should not expect to be completely free of error at any time until the end of the world, and rather must remain continually vigilant to maintain a Biblical ( and therefore authoritative ) doctrine and faith, or else fall away from the Christian faith and become an enemy of the truth.

For not only does he omit the name of St. Augustine of Hippo, who was especially obnoxious to them, when making honorable mention at any time of the champions of the faith, but he denounces his doctrine, though under a misrepresentation of it, as one of the forms of that novel error which he reprobates.

Prosecutors are protected from civil liability even when they knowingly and maliciously break the law in order to secure convictions, and the doctrine of harmless error is used by appellate courts to uphold convictions despite such illegal tactics, thus giving prosecutors few incentives to comply with the law.

After his arrival there, he made peace with the Saxons, acknowledged his " error ", and gradually conformed his doctrine to that which he had before opposed and assailed, though still employing such terms as gospel and repentance in a different manner.

In it he argued that the Catholic Church, possessing alone the qualifications of universality, unity of doctrine and uninterrupted apostolic succession, is the only true church, and that the intrusion of error into it is impossible.

In Rome the Pope in 1864 decreed that it was an error that " reason is the ultimate standard by which man can and ought to arrive at knowledge " and an error that " divine revelation is imperfect " in the Bible — and anyone maintaining those errors was to be " anathematized " — and in 1888 decreed as follows: " The fundamental doctrine of rationalism is the supremacy of the human reason, which, refusing due submission to the divine and eternal reason, proclaims its own independence .... A doctrine of such character is most hurtful both to individuals and to the State ....

Biblical inerrancy is the doctrine that the Bible is accurate and totally free of error ( except for errors made in translation or transcription ), that " Scripture in the original manuscripts does not affirm anything that is contrary to fact.

" For the Church of England ," he there says, " I am persuaded that the constant doctrine of it is so pure and orthodox, that whosoever believes it, and lives according to it, undoubtedly he shall be saved, and that there is no error in it which may necessitate or warrant any man to disturb the peace or renounce the communion of it.

This event is one of several often cited to refute the concept of Papal Infallibility, which holds that official public proclamations made by the Pope on doctrine are without error.

Not only did Casamaris listen to his informants ’ answers, but where they were in error, he would have taught them correct doctrine, in line with Innocent ’ s directive.

The fourth error, according to Peter the Venerable, was that the Petrobrusians denied sacramental grace, rejecting the rite of Communion entirely, let alone the doctrine of the real presence or the nascent Scholastic account of transubstantiation.

Biola holds to the key doctrine of Biblical inerrancy, the idea that the original writings of the Bible were without error with regard to both theological and non-theological matters.

He considers the evolutionist doctrine to be a major philosophical and scientific error.

This contrasts with the doctrine of Biblical inerrancy, which holds that the scientific, geographic, and historic details of the scriptural texts in their original manuscripts are completely true and without error, though the scientific claims of scripture must be interpreted in the light of the phenomenological nature of the Biblical narratives.

In doctrine and practice they are conservative evangelicals of Wesleyan-Arminian persuasion who believe the Bible is the only written word of God, with the original text inspired by God and without error.

* May 18, 1878: Fraser receives a petition purporting to be from 320 of Green's parishioners accusing him of propagation of false doctrine and deadly error.

The Fourth Seal: The doctrine teaches that the Grey Horse is referring to the spirit of the red, black and white horses mixed together to present a deceiving mixture of truth and error.

He stated: " One cannot allow for error in history-science without also ending up with error in doctrine.

Presupposed in Plato's system is a doctrine of levels of insight, in which a certain kind of detached understanding is alone capable of penetrating to the most sublime wisdom.

He terms this early enthusiasm `` Romantic Christianity '' and concludes that its similarity to democratic beliefs of that day is so great that `` the doctrine of liberty seems but a secular version of its counterpart in evangelical Protestantism ''.

There is, of course, the doctrine of original sin, which asserts that each of us as individuals partakes of the guilt of our first ancestor.

In the rhyming catechism this doctrine is worded thus: `` In Adam's fall We sin-ned all ''.

and the doctrine of original sin is compounded of injustice.

But the most fundamental objection he has to poets appears in the Tenth Book, and it is derived from his doctrine of ideal forms.

Although we have no measures of its strength or intensity, the heritage of the doctrine of inalienable rights is retained.

The country is committed to the doctrine of security by military means.

It would challenge sharply not the cult of the motor car itself but some of its ancillary beliefs and practices -- for instance, the doctrine that the fulfillment of life consists in proceeding from hither to yon, not for any advantage to be gained by arrival but merely to avoid the cardinal sin of stasis, or, as it is generally termed, staying put.

In fact, a cash purchase of a corporation's stock followed by liquidation might also be an effective way to transfer a claim for refund if the Kimbell-Diamond doctrine is not applied to eliminate the intermediate step.

In mentioning this under `` salvation reconsidered '' I do not mean to imply that Roman Catholic doctrine has changed in this area but rather that it has become clearer to the world community what that doctrine is.

It is important for an understanding of Zen to realize that the esoteric preoccupations of the select few cannot be the doctrine of the common man.

In coining the word Altruism, as stated above, Comte was probably opposing this Thomistic doctrine, which is present in some theological schools within Catholicism.

He is well known for having given a series of lectures in which he championed a pure form of Christian doctrine and chastised his audience about their laxity.

Paneloux may argue that the plague is a punishment for sin, but how does he reconcile that doctrine with the death of a child?

The Roman Catholic celebration is associated with the doctrine that the souls of the faithful who at death have not been cleansed from the temporal punishment due to venial sins and from attachment to mortal sins cannot immediately attain the beatific vision in heaven, and that they may be helped to do so by prayer and by the sacrifice of the Mass.

This is similar to the Harrowing of Hell doctrine of some mainstream Christian faiths.

Arianism is defined as those teachings attributed to Arius which are in opposition to mainstream Trinitarian Christological doctrine, as determined by the first two Ecumenical Councils and currently maintained by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, and most Reformation Protestant Churches.

Steven Harper states " Wesley does not place the substitionary element primarily within a legal framework ... Rather doctrine seeks to bring into proper relationship the ' justice ' between God's love for persons and God's hatred of sin ... it is not the satisfaction of a legal demand for justice so much as it is an act of mediated reconciliation.

The doctrine of open theism states that God is omnipresent, omnipotent, and omniscient, but differs on the nature of the future.

The extreme of Calvinism is hyper-Calvinism, which insists that signs of election must be sought before evangelization of the unregenerate takes place and that the eternally damned have no obligation to repent and believe, and on the extreme of Arminianism is Pelagianism, which rejects the doctrine of original sin on grounds of moral accountability ; but the overwhelming majority of Protestant, evangelical pastors and theologians hold to one of these two systems or somewhere in between.

In the first place the new doctrine brought a formal separation of international from municipal law, rejecting the earlier view that both were parts of a universal legal system.

In common law, black letter legal doctrine is an informal term indicating the basic principles of law generally accepted by the courts and / or embodied in the statutes of a particular jurisdiction.

An example of such a state within the common law jurisdiction, and using the black letter legal doctrine is Canada.

The doctrine of Legalism that guided the Qin emphasized strict adherence to a legal code and the absolute power of the emperor.

To demonstrate the indeterminacy of legal doctrine, these scholars often adopts a method, such as structuralism in linguistics or deconstruction in continental philosophy, to make explicit the deep structure of categories and tensions at work in legal texts and talk.

Approximately 200 years after the end of Elizabeth's reign, however, a patent represents a legal obtained by an inventor providing for exclusive control over the production and sale of his mechanical or scientific invention ... the evolution of patents from royal prerogative to common-law doctrine.

The usual legal doctrine under which questions of jurisdiction are decided is termed forum non conveniens.

Negligence per se is the legal doctrine whereby an act is considered negligent because it violates a statute ( or regulation ).

Early English common law did not have or require the stare decisis doctrine for a range of legal and technological reasons:

The doctrine of binding precedent or stare decisis is basic to the English legal system, and to the legal systems that derived from it such as those of Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Pakistan, Singapore, Malaysia and South Africa.

The legal doctrine was first formulated by Baron Pollock in the 1863 English case Byrne v Boadle.

They were later indicted under the legal doctrine that corporations are responsible for their employees ' crimes.

Sovereign immunity, or crown immunity, is a legal doctrine by which the sovereign or state cannot commit a legal wrong and is immune from civil suit or criminal prosecution.

Moreover, new states were recognized by the legal doctrine of uti possidetis juris, meaning that old administrative boundaries would become international boundaries upon independence even if they had little relevance to linguistic, ethnic, and cultural boundaries.

Like many other areas of American law, the Fourth Amendment finds its roots in English legal doctrine.

In the US this is known as the vagueness doctrine and in Europe as the principle of legal certainty.

Roman legal doctrine was lost during the Middle Ages, but claims of universal rights could still be made based on religious doctrine.

The government argued that Stanley was barred from suing under a legal doctrine — known as the Feres doctrine, after a 1950 Supreme Court case, Feres v. United States — that prohibits members of the Armed Forces from suing the government for any harms that were inflicted " incident to service.