The earliest and most direct kinds of observational evidence are the Hubble-type expansion seen in the redshifts of galaxies, the detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and today also the large scale distribution and apparent evolution of galaxies predicted to occur due to gravitational growth of structure in the standard theory.

Some of the earliest examples of this technology implemented input / output processing such as direct memory access as a separate thread from the computation thread.

This idea came from common law, and the earliest conception of a criminal act involved events of such major significance that the " State " had to usurp the usual functions of the civil tribunals, and direct a special law or privilegium against the perpetrator.

In any case, Goldoni was deeply interested in theatre from his earliest years, and all attempts to direct his activity into other channels were of no avail ; his toys were puppets, and his books, plays.

The late direct Capetian kings were considerably more powerful and influential than the earliest ones.

The earliest known such reference to Josephus ' work is found in the writings of the third century patristic author Origen, although he does not provide any direct reference to the passages involving Jesus.

One of the earliest direct reference to Mabon can be found in the tenth century poem Pa Gur, in which Arthur recounts the feats and achievements of his knights so as to gain entrance to a fortress guarded by Glewlwyd Gafaelfawr, the eponymous porter.

The earliest programming languages predate the invention of the computer, and were used to direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms and player pianos.

Throughout the first decade ( 1890 – 1900 ) of commercial production of the earliest crude disc records, the direct acid-etch method first invented by Cros was used to create the metal master discs, but Cros was not around to claim any credit or to witness the humble beginnings of the eventually rich phonographic library he had foreseen.

Eusebius ( c. 275 – 339 ) professed his own doubts, see also Antilegomena, and is the earliest direct testimony of such, though he stated that the majority supported the text, and by the time of Jerome ( c. 346-420 ) it had been mostly accepted as canonical.

These two forms of measurement alone and their direct derivatives supported nearly all commerce and technology development from the earliest civilizations until about 1800AD.

In 2010, during an excavation at the Sibudu Cave in South Africa, led by Professor Lyn Wadley from the University of the Witwatersrand, researchers discovered the earliest direct evidence of human-made arrowheads: 64, 000-year-old stone points which may have been shot from a bow.

In 1988, in association with the Australian Bicentennial Authority, the company toured Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth and the National Opera Workshop in Melbourne with The Ra Project, a music-theatre work composed with the direct participation from the earliest stages of the singers who performed it and marking director Baz Luhrmann's first association with the Australian Opera.

The earliest known direct democracy is said to be the Athenian Democracy in the 5th century BC, although it was not an inclusive democracy ; women, foreigners and slaves were excluded from it.

Joan D. Vinge also uses demarchy in the sense of electronic direct democracy in her 1978 novel The Outcasts of Heaven Belt ( later incorporated into The Heaven Chronicles ), perhaps the earliest use of the term.

The earliest example of indirect fire adjusted by an observer seems to be during the defence of Hougoumont in the Battle of Waterloo where a battery of the Royal Horse Artillery fired an indirect Shrapnel barrage against advancing French troops using corrections given by the commander of an adjacent battery with a direct line of sight.

The earliest surviving poetry written in Anglo-Saxon, the most direct predecessor of modern English, may have been composed as early as the 7th century.

Early lathes, those prior to the late medieval period, and modern woodworking lathes and potter's wheels may or may not fall under this definition, depending on how one views the headstock spindle itself ; but the earliest lathe with direct mechanical control of the cutting tool's path was a screw-cutting lathe dating to about 1483.

This genus of burrowing multituberculate mammals used to provide the earliest direct evidence of mammal fur.

Their earliest direct ancestors, though not documented by fossils yet, likewise can be assumed to have been contemporaries with the dinosaurs.

The murder was a blow to the movement, but according to the direct orders of Clarence before his death, some of his earliest disciples, a group of nine men who were called the First Nine Born carried on the teachings, and an acting leadership role was assumed by his friend Justice.

The earliest Bagan stupas such as the Bupaya ( c. 9th century ) were the direct descendants of the Pyu style at Sri Ksetra.

History of the Northmen, or Danes and Normans, from the earliest times to the Conquest ( 1831 ) by Henry Wheaton suggested that Hemming was a direct descendant of Ragnar Lodbrok, equating Sigefrid of the annals with Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, the traditional son of Lothbrok, while making successor Gudfrid Sigurd's brother.

The earliest inter-computer communication tended to be accomplished with direct wireline connections between individual computers.

The terminus ad quem, or latest possible date, for Luke is bound by the earliest papyri manuscripts that contains portions of Luke ( late 2nd / early 3rd century )< ref > P < sup > 4 </ sup >, P < sup > 45 </ sup >, P < sup > 69 </ sup >, P < sup > 75 </ sup >, and P < sup > 111 </ sup ></ ref > and the mid to late 2nd century writings that quote or reference Luke.

The earliest use of the phrase is a quote from the Westminster Magazine of 1774: " He had no inclination for a Broomstick-marriage ", the person in question simply stating that he did not want to go through a ceremony that had no legal validity, it having been suggested to him that he would pretend to be marrying by having a French sexton read the marriage service to him and his young bride.

" Flutist " is the earlier term in the English language, dating from at least 1603 ( the earliest quote cited by the Oxford English Dictionary ), while " flautist " is not recorded before 1860, when it was used by Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Marble Faun.

A quote recorded by the geographer Strabo represents the earliest surviving account of the Ionian migration, celebrating the settlement of Colophon and Smyrna from Pylos,

In 1991, the alternative rock act Claytown Troupe used a sample of Michael Newman's ( Matt Craven ) quote " it's a fast trip ..." at the beginning of the track " Rainbow's Edge " in their ( EMI ) album Out There, which is the earliest recorded use of a quote from the film.

The earliest, in 1936, mentions that during a speech, a Miss Mildred Pinkerton " quotes the prayer ," as if to indicate it was already in a circulation known to the reporter, or that Pinkerton relayed it as a quote.

While this quote may have been popularized by Graham in this speech, and the phrase is often credited to him in this speech, these words are not original with him, nor with this speech, the phrase having been used repeatedly in the Post in the 1940s, and by Graham in the 1950s, with the earliest citation being 20 years, by Alan Barth in 1943, writing " News is only the first rough draft of history ," and earlier expressions of similar sentiments dating at least to the 1900s ( decade ) – see Wikiquote article for details.

The earliest extant manuscripts of the Odes of Solomon date from around the end of the 3rd and the beginning of the 4th century: the Coptic Pistis Sophia, a Latin quote of a verse of Ode 19 by Lactantius, and the Greek text of Ode 11 in Papyrus Bodmer XI.

The OED cites its origin as within the Royal Air Force ; as of 2003 the earliest citation there is a quote in the 1983 book Air War South Atlantic.

His earliest work reflected heavy influences from English and continental writers.

Because negative pressure dialysis gave better recovery of proteins, permitted detection of proteins concentrated from very dilute solutions and was a gentler procedure, it was used in all but the earliest experiments.

Those modern scholars who urge that we must keep in mind the fundamental continuity of Aegean development from earliest times -- granted occasional irruptions of peoples and ideas from outside -- are correct ; ;

`` Neutral Tones '' is an excellent example of Hardy's mature style, drawn from his earliest productive period ; ;

Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

The earliest examples of life-sized statues of Apollo, may be two figures from the Ionic sanctuary on the island of Delos.

The earliest amphibians evolved in the Devonian Period from sarcopterygian fish with lungs and bony-limbed fins, features that were helpful in adapting to dry land.

The oldest known caecilian is Eocaecilia micropodia, also from Arizona, while the earliest salamander is Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis from the Late Jurassic of northeastern China.

The earliest known texts in a Turkic language are the Orkhon inscriptions, of which the earliest dates from around 720 AD and the latest from 735 AD ( Miller 1971: 3 ).

The earliest historical records of Anatolia stem from the south east of the region, and are from the Mesopotamian based Akkadian Empire during the reign of Sargon of Akkad in the 24th century BC.

The earliest written reference to the town, under the name of Habensperch, came from this time, in around 1138.

In the earliest age of Christian monasticism the ascetics were accustomed to live singly, independent of one another, not far from some village church, supporting themselves by the labour of their own hands, and distributing the surplus after the supply of their own scanty wants to the poor.

The earliest anchors were probably rocks, and many rock anchors have been found dating from at least the Bronze Age.

Trees from the earliest fortifications found in Germania Inferior are dated by dendrochronology to 99 / 100.

His chief work is a Historia Francorum, or Libri v de Gestis Francorum, which deals with the history of the Franks from the earliest times to 653, and was continued by other writers until the middle of the twelfth century.

One tablet from this period reads, "( From the earliest days ) no-one had made a statue of lead, ( but ) Rimush king of Kish, had a statue of himself made of lead.

The earliest " year names ", whereby each year of a king's reign was named after a significant event performed by that king, date from the reign of Sargon the Great.

Apart from the lost Handboc or Encheiridion, which seems to have been a commonplace book kept by the king, the earliest work to be translated was the Dialogues of Gregory the Great, a book greatly popular in the Middle Ages.

This is a history of Spain from the earliest times down to 1456, and was printed at Granada in 1545, and also in the Rerum Hispanicarum Scriptores aliquot, by R. Bel ( Frankfort, 1579 ).