The Boston elders were great at befuddling the opposition with torrents of ecclesiastical obscurities, but Gorton was better.

Four ecclesiastical questions were presented by the General Court to Gorton: `` 1.

) And then there were ecclesiastical matters, the matter of Garibaldi's anti-clericalism.

" On his arrival in Rome, however, charges of simony, or the buying of ecclesiastical office, and lack of learning were brought against him, and his elevation to York was refused by Pope Nicholas II, who also deposed him from Worcester.

There were administrative border overlaps in civil, military, ecclesiastical and judicial affairs.

Absalon never neglected his ecclesiastical duties, and even his wars were of the nature of crusades.

Two other uncommon sources were promoted by Alexander: Anselm of Canterbury, whose writings had been ignored for almost a century gained an important advocate in Alexander and he used Anselm's works extensively in his teaching on Christology and soteriology ; and, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, whom Alexander used in his examination of the theology of Orders and ecclesiastical structures.

Chapter and cathedral, surrounded by further ecclesiastical institutions, were located on Dominsel ( cathedral island ), which formed a prince-episcopal immunity district, distinct from the city of Brandenburg.

Before the Norman conquest in 1066, justice was administered primarily by what is today known as the county courts ( the modern " counties " were referred to as " Shires " in pre-Norman times ), presided by the diocesan bishop and the sheriff, exercising both ecclesiastical and civil jurisdiction.

Goldoni's plays that were written while he was still in Italy ignore religious and ecclesiastical subjects.

Such acts of recognition of a saint were authoritative, in the strict sense, only for the diocese or ecclesiastical province for which they were issued, but with the spread of the fame of a saint, were often accepted elsewhere also.

The exception being those areas where, up to the 19th century, civil law rather than common law was the governing tradition, including admiralty law, probate and ecclesiastical law, such cases were heard in the Doctor's Commons, and argued by advocates who held degrees either of doctor of civil law at Oxford or doctor of law at Cambridge.

The Council sought to: ( a ) bring an end to the practice of the conferring of ecclesiastical benefices by people who were laymen ; ( b ) free the election of bishops and abbots from secular influence ; ( c ) clarify the separation of spiritual and temporal affairs ; ( d ) re-establish the principle that spiritual authority resides solely in the Church ; ( e ) abolish the claim of the emperors to influence papal elections.

In the Empire, extensive sovereign powers were granted to ecclesiastical and secular princes, leading to the rise of independent territorial states.

His motives for doing this are not clear, but in his sermons he used exhortation to achieve moral and ecclesiastical improvement which were goals comparable with Erasmian reform.

According to Calvin, these were people who felt that after being liberated through grace, they were exempted from both ecclesiastical and civil law.

After the deaths of Calvin and his successor, Beza, the Geneva city council gradually gained control over areas of life that were previously in the ecclesiastical domain.

There in 1374 negotiations were carried on between France and England, while at the same time commissioners from England dealt with papal delegates respecting the removal of ecclesiastical annoyances.

In 12th and 13th century England, the ability to cite a particular passage from the Bible entitled a common law defendant to the so-called benefit of clergy, i. e. trial before an ecclesiastical court, where sentences were more lenient, instead of a secular one, where hanging was a likely sentence.

His ecclesiastical jurisdiction is often called the " Holy See " ( Sancta Sedes in Latin ), or the " Apostolic See " based upon the Church tradition that the Apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul were martyred in Rome.

Of the German princes, the ecclesiastical faction was against any expansion of Hohenstaufen power, and they were determined to ensure that Frederick would not succeed Henry.

Some ecclesiastical officials are required to have the doctorate ( JCD ) or at least the licentiate ( JCL ) in canon law in order to fulfill their functions: judicial vicars ( c. 1419. 1 ), judges ( c. 1421. 3 ), promoters of justice ( c. 1435 ), defenders of the bond ( c. 1435 ).

He founded the University of Naples in 1224 to train future state officials and reigned over Germany primarily through the allocation of royal prerogatives, leaving the sovereign authority and imperial estates to the ecclesiastical and secular princes.

Melisende surrendered and retired to Nablus, but Baldwin appointed her his regent and chief advisor, and she retained some of her influence, especially in appointing ecclesiastical officials.

More important, the pope forbade ecclesiastical officials under pain of excommunication to support Henry as they had so freely done in the past.

Some ecclesiastical officials are required to have the doctorate ( JCD ) or at least the licentiate ( JCL ) in canon law in order to fulfill their functions: Judicial Vicars ( c. 1419. 1 ), Judges ( c. 1421. 3 ), Promoters of Justice ( c. 1435 ), Defenders of the Bond ( c. 1435 ).

A letter from Justinian II assured John V that a " synod of high-ranking civil and ecclesiastical officials ", including the apocrisiarius and the Byzantine military, had read and thereafter sealed the text of the Third Council of Constantinople, to prevent any alteration to its canons.

In ecclesiastical and formal government ceremonial, special officials may carry a wand of office or staff of office representing their power.

Baldwin constructed a series of wooden fortifications at Saint-Omer, Bruges, Ghent, and Courtrai and seized those lands abandoned by royal and ecclesiastical officials.

With fiscal powers that gave them a say in almost all administrative, ecclesiastical and military matters, intendentes were conceived by the Bourbon kings to be a check on other local officials ( who in the past couple of centuries had come to gain their position through the sale of offices or inheritance ), just as the intendants had been in France a century earlier.

The creation involved that Count Griffenfeld, in addition to owning 14 percent of the countship ’ s land, received large tax revenues and also the right to appoint all civil and ecclesiastical officials, including officers and judges, who would serve within the countship.

Tradition also includes historic teaching of the recognized church authorities, such as Church Councils and ecclesiastical officials ( e. g., the Pope, Patriarch of Constantinople, Archbishop of Canterbury, etc.

* Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe reported about the imprisonment of Archbishop Jovan, finding that Macedonian officials, in response to the ecclesiastical dispute concerning the status of the Macedonian Orthodox Church, have over-reacted and that the 18-month prison term sentence is excessive and unjustified.

In the 14th century many royal officials were not directly paid, but instead were given the incomes of distant ecclesiastical properties that they rarely visited.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.

Parishes were run by vestries, meeting annually to appoint officials, and were generally identical to ecclesiastical parishes, although some townships in large parishes administered the Poor Law themselves ; under the Divided Parishes and Poor Law Amendment Act 1882, all extra-parochial areas and townships that levied a separate rate became independent civil parishes.