For lawyers, reflecting perhaps their parochial preferences, there has been a special fascination since then in the role played by the Supreme Court in that transformation -- the manner in which its decisions altered in `` the switch in time that saved nine '', President Roosevelt's ill-starred but in effect victorious `` Court-packing plan '', the imprimatur of judicial approval that was finally placed upon social legislation.

By now he was undergoing a fresh torrent of abuse from Tory papers and pamphlets, and action was being taken to effect his punishment by expulsion from Parliament.

Then, in some way, this lack of faith in the cavalry became mixed up in his mind with the dragging effect of wagon trains and was hardened into a prejudice.

One effect of the spirited give-and-take of these discussions was to focus attention on practical applications and the necessity of being armed with the facts: knowledge of the destructive force of even the tiniest `` tactical '' atomic weapon would have a bearing on judgments as to the advisability of its use -- to defend Berlin, for example ; ;

He was not sure what effect it would have, but that was really beside the point when you got right down to it.

The air was cooler here, and the lacy pattern of the trees threw a dappled shadow on the grass, an effect which he found pleasant.

Alex told her that there was no hurry for their breakfasts, trying at the same time to effect a speedy separation of the persons before and behind him.

The doctor shot down to the lavatory and turned the doorknob, but to no effect: the lavatory was occupied.

Again among those jubilantly reunited bunkmates, I was shy with Jessie and acted as I had during those early Saturday mornings when we all seemed to be playing for effect, to be detached and unconcerned with the girls who were properly our dates but about whom, later, in the privacy of our bunks, we would think in terms of the most elaborate romance.

She was wearing her dark hair in two, thick braids to attain an `` American Girl '' effect she thought was appropriate to Halloween.

This increase was sufficient to overcome the effect on net income of higher costs of manufacture and increased expenditures on research and development.

The resulting magnetic effect proved stronger than when the discharge was made lengthwise.

Following observation of the fact that the reaction rates of supposedly identical reaction mixtures prepared on the same filling manifold and exposed under identical conditions often differed by several hundred per cent, a systematic series of experiments was undertaken to see whether the difficulty could be ascribed to the method of preparing the chlorine, to the effects of oxygen or moisture or to the effect of surface to volume ratio in the reaction tubes.

-- Although there was some variation in results which must be attributed either to trace impurities or to variation in wall effects, the photochemical exchange in the gas phase was sufficiently reproducible so that it seemed meaningful to compare the reaction rates in different series of reaction tubes for the purpose of obtaining information on the effect of chlorine concentration and of carbon tetrachloride concentration on the reaction rate.

The overall effect was probably to stimulate more party activity in the communal elections than might have otherwise taken place.

If this seems arbitrary, its effect was to treat citizens of the District of Columbia equally with citizens of the states -- at the expense of expanding a troublesome jurisdiction.

Since this type of item was not in the statute when section 381 was enacted in 1954, one cannot say with certainty what effect the enactment of that section should have.

The following month the invasion of Italy was begun, and Roosevelt gave effect to his warning by consenting to the stockpiling of poison gas in southern Italy.

This had a pleasant effect upon the Sunday gate receipts as well as upon the intake of the rail and bus companies, some of which began to offer special excursion rates, including seats at the park, just as the trolley and ferry companies had when baseball was new.

It was thrilling to see the effect of an American-trained teacher on Japanese students in a class in Home Planning.

This explains the beneficial effect of electroshock therapy in certain depressions and a shift in the reaction from hypo- to normal reactivity of the sympathetic system as shown by the Mecholyl test.

To test the hypothesis that all treatments have exactly the same effect, the F-test's p-values closely approximate the permutation test's p-values: The approximation is particularly close when the design is balanced.

The ANOVA F – test ( of the null-hypothesis that all treatments have exactly the same effect ) is recommended as a practical test, because of its robustness against many alternative distributions.

Later experiments are often designed to test a hypothesis that a treatment effect has an important magnitude ; in this case, the number of experimental units is chosen so that the experiment is within budget and has adequate power, among other goals.

If a compression test does give a low figure, and it has been determined it is not due to intake valve closure / camshaft characteristics, then one can differentiate between the cause being valve / seat seal issues and ring seal by squirting engine oil into the spark plug orifice, in a quantity sufficient to disperse across the piston crown and the circumference of the top ring land, and thereby effect the mentioned seal.

Allowing users to test developing products can have its limits in effectiveness, as the culture of the industry and desired outcomes can affect the effect on CRM creation, as a 2008 case study suggests that the responsiveness of test users can vary dramatically depending on the industry and field of the user.

During a NASA wind tunnel test, a model of the Space Shuttle is targeted by a beam of electrons, simulating the effect of ion izing gases during re-entry.

The conceptual charge, termed a ' test charge ', must be vanishingly small to prevent its own electric field disturbing the main field and must also be stationary to prevent the effect of magnetic fields.

Hoxby found that the effects of vouchers in Milwaukee and of charter schools in Arizona and Michigan on nearby public schools forced to compete made greater test score gains than schools not faced with such competition ( see Hoxby, 2001 ), and that the so-called effect of cream skimming did not exist in any of the voucher districts examined.

The discovery of the ELIZA effect was an important development in artificial intelligence, demonstrating the principle of using social engineering rather than explicit programming to pass a Turing test.

The Flynn effect is the name given to a substantial and long-sustained increase in intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world.

Comparison of the IQ distributions indicated that the mean IQ-scores on the test had increased by 9. 7 points ( the Flynn effect ), the gains were concentrated in the lower half of the distribution and negligible in the top half, and the gains gradually decreased as the IQ of the individuals increased.

Researchers have shown that the IQ gains described by the Flynn effect are due in part to increasing intelligence, and in part to increases in test specific skills.

Richard Lynn makes the case for nutrition, arguing that cultural factors cannot typically explain the Flynn effect because its gains are observed even at infant and preschool levels, with rates of IQ test score increase about equal to those of school students and adults.

The Flynn effect is the name given to a substantial and long-sustained increase in intelligence test scores measured in many parts of the world.

After a year of demonstrations and protests, the test ban took effect in 1990.

It was designed to test the transverse Doppler effect – the redshift of light from a moving source in a direction perpendicular to its velocity – which had been predicted by Einstein in 1905.

In favour of skepticism towards Buddhist doctrines in general, Tibetans are fond of quoting sutra to the effect that one should test the Buddha's words as one would the quality of gold.

In Agostini v. Felton, the entanglement prong of the Lemon test was demoted to simply being a factor in determining the effect of the challenged statute or practice.

In Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, the opinion of the Court considered secular purpose and the absence of primary effect ; a concurring opinion saw both cases as having treated entanglement as part of the primary purpose test.

High-precision test of general relativity by the Cassini-Huygens | Cassini space probe ( artist's impression ): radio signals sent between the Earth and the probe ( green wave ) are Shapiro effect | delayed by the warping of space and time ( blue lines ) due to the Sun's mass.

Animation showing the effect of a cross-polarized gravitational wave on a ring of test particles

** The nuclear test ban treaty, signed on August 5, takes effect.