During the last quarter of the 19th century many experiments were done to determine what cathode rays were.

True single-photon experiments ( in a quantum optical sense ) can be done today in undergraduate-level labs.

More generally, the theory states that everything has both a particle nature and a wave nature, and various experiments can be done to bring out one or the other.

In this experimental method he advocated for two types of experiments, experiments done in the lab and experiments done in the classroom.

When animals or people free-run, experiments can be done to see what sort of signals, known as zeitgebers, are effective in entrainment.

While it is true that Aldini did do these attempts at human reanimation during the same time of Shelley's writings, and Forster execution was a sensational notice in the public venue, there is no specific reference that Shelley did actually adapt Aldini into her works despite obviously being aware of Aldini's experiments which were done in public at the Royal College of Physicians in 1803.

The exact nature of the transforming principle ( DNA ) was verified in the experiments done by Avery, McLeod and McCarty and by Hershey and Chase.

Hershey and Chase, along with others who had done related experiments, confirmed that DNA was the biomolecule that carried genetic information.

This was done by Luis W. Alvarez and Robert Cornog in cyclotron experiments at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California in 1939.

" The article describes other early earth experiments being done by MacNevin.

Some mimosas raise their leaves in day and lower them at night, and experiments done by Jacques d ' Ortous de Mairan on mimosas in 1729 provided the first evidence of biological clocks.

" Hans Geiger expanded on this work in a communication to the Royal Society with experiments he and Rutherford had done passing α particles through air, aluminum foil and gold leaf.

A series of experiments that may have taken several years in the 1960s can now be done, with much better precision, in a few months.

Wound-response studies are often done on potato tuber tissue, as are electron transport experiments.

However Lenard's results were qualitative rather than quantitative because of the difficulty in performing the experiments: the experiments needed to be done on freshly cut metal so that the pure metal was observed, but it oxidised in a matter of minutes even in the partial vacuums he used.

The first cold fusion experiments involving element 104 were done in 1974 at Dubna, by using light titanium-50 nuclei aimed at lead-208 isotope targets:

In his experiments, scanning and display were done mechanically by spinning colorized wheels.

Many studies seeking to detect, understand, and utilize telepathy have been done, but according to the prevailing view among scientists, telepathy lacks replicable results from well-controlled experiments.

Furthermore, the accessible experiments have been done and support Einstein's prediction.

Many early experiments found that any modification of the apparatus that can determine which slit a particle passes through will reduce the visibility of interference at the screen, thereby illustrating the complementarity principle: that light ( and electrons, etc.

In 1909, Robert Andrews Millikan began a series of experiments to determine the electric charge carried by a single electron.

Leder and Nirenberg were able to determine the sequences of 54 out of 64 codons in their experiments.

The Viking program, that visited Mars in the late 1970s, was motivated in part to determine whether Mars supported life, and many of the sensors and experiments that were ultimately deployed aimed to resolve this issue.

These principles aim to ensure experiments can be measurably reproduced under the same conditions, allowing further investigation to determine whether a hypothesis or theory related to given phenomena is both valid and reliable.

The Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues determined that 83 people died ; however, it was not possible to determine whether the experiments were the direct cause of death.

English military engineer and mathematician Benjamin Robins ( 1707 – 1751 ) invented a whirling arm apparatus to determine drag and did some of the first experiments in aviation theory.

ICF experiments might be used, for example, to help determine how warhead performance will degrade as it ages, or as part of a program of designing new weapons.

The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study mechanical properties of the lunar surface material.

The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study the soil mechanics of the lunar surface material.

However, even if the junction experiment is the strongest method to determine the symmetry of the HTS order parameter, there have been ambiguous results of the junction experiments.

These experiments included surgically extracting portions of the digestive system from animals, severing nerve bundles to determine the effects, and implanting fistulas between digestive organs and an external pouch to examine the organ's contents.

The play depicts Socrates, a contemporary of Aristophanes, as tinkering with odd devices and performing implausible experiments to determine the nature of the clouds and sky, and presents his philosophical method as a means for deceiving others and escaping blame, closer to the later descriptions of his opponents, the Sophists, than to those usually ascribed to him.

* 1939 Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch determine that nuclear fission is taking place in the Hahn-Strassmann experiments

In 2007 and 2008 Kees Keizer and colleagues from the University of Groningen conducted a series of controlled experiments to determine if the effect of existing disorder ( such as litter or graffiti ) increased the incidence of additional crime like stealing, littering or conducting other acts of antisocial behavior.

He also performed extensive experiments to determine the acceleration of falling objects by comparing them with the swing of pendulums, reported in his Cogitata Physico-Mathematica in 1644.

* two radio science experiments to determine the gravity field of Venus

Occultation experiments in May and June 1972 allowed scientists to determine the concentration of charged particles at an altitude of 10 kilometers.

The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study mechanical properties of the lunar surface material.

The most famous of those experiments, published in 1798, was to determine the density of the Earth and became known as the Cavendish experiment.

Unfortunately, the above-mentioned Lawrence Livermore experiments produced metallic hydrogen too briefly to determine whether metastability is possible.

He performed experiments to determine gas pressures during hydrogen explosions using a special chamber fitted with a piston, and was able to distinguish burning of mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen from true explosions.

Prisoners were subjected to other torturous experiments such as being hung upside down to see how long it would take for them to choke to death, having air injected into their arteries to determine the time until the onset of embolism, and having horse urine injected into their kidneys.

Based on past experiments, Planck was also able to determine the value of its parameter, now called Planck's constant.