Surface exploration can include geologic mapping, geophysical methods, and photogrammetry ; or it can be as simple as an engineer walking around to observe the physical conditions at the site.

Geophysical techniques used for subsurface exploration include measurement of seismic waves ( pressure, shear, and Rayleigh waves ), surface-wave methods and / or downhole methods, and electromagnetic surveys ( magnetometer, resistivity, and ground-penetrating radar ).

The folding of small alpha-helical protein domains such as the villin headpiece and the HIV accessory protein have been successfully simulated in silico, and hybrid methods that combine standard molecular dynamics with quantum mechanics calculations have allowed exploration of the electronic states of rhodopsins.

Seismic waves produced by explosions or vibrating controlled sources are one of the primary methods of underground exploration in geophysics ( in addition to many different electromagnetic methods such as induced polarization and magnetotellurics ).

In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.

When Monte Carlo simulations have been applied in space exploration and oil exploration, their predictions of failures, cost overruns and schedule overruns are routinely better than human intuition or alternative " soft " methods.

However, due to the lack of algorithms that would provably scale well with the number of states ( or scale to problems with infinite state spaces ), in practice people resort to simple exploration methods.

Seismic methods are preferred to magnetometers for oil exploration.

Some numerical applications, such as Monte Carlo methods and exploration of high-dimensional data spaces, require generation of uniformly distributed random orthogonal matrices.

The empirical method is generally characterized by the collection of a large amount of data before much speculation as to their significance, or without much idea of what to expect, and is to be contrasted with more theoretical methods in which the collection of empirical data is guided largely by preliminary theoretical exploration of what to expect.

Geophysical methods used in archaeology are largely adapted from those used in mineral exploration, engineering, and geology.

Additionally, the same researchers also found that people joined ex-gay groups due to: a lack of other sources of social support ; a desire for active coping, including both cognitive and emotional coping ; and access to methods of sexual orientation identity exploration and reconstruction.

He is best known as a comics theorist or as some say, the " Aristotle of comics ", following the publication in 1993 of Understanding Comics, a wide-ranging exploration of the definition, history, vocabulary, and methods of the medium of comics, itself in comics form.

Many indigenous peoples from around the world continued to produce artistics works distinctive to their geographic area and culture, until exploration and commerce brought record-keeping methods to them.

Kaku is generally a vigorous supporter of the exploration of outer space, believing that the ultimate destiny of the human race may lie in extrasolar planets ; but he is critical of some of the cost-ineffective missions and methods of NASA.

Despite those shortcomings, the publication believed that the game still maintained the high standards set by its predecessor and noted that it also introduced new methods of exploration to the series that have become staples.

Statistical graphics includes methods for data exploration, for model validation, etc.

Collaborative filtering methods have been applied to many different kinds of data including sensing and monitoring data-such as in mineral exploration, environmental sensing over large areas or multiple sensors ; financial data-such as financial service institutions that integrate many financial sources ; or in electronic commerce and web 2. 0 applications where the focus is on user data, etc.

Evolutionary methods led the way in the exploration of non-gradient methods for MDO applications.

While most SEG members are involved in exploration for petroleum, SEG members also are involved in application of geophysics methods to mineral exploration as well as environmental and engineering problems, archaeology, and other scientific endeavors.

It makes you wonder if this exploration business isn't all some big joke, and somebody has been everywhere before you even started ''.

From 1886 dates the finding of Mycenaean sepulchres outside the Argolid, from which, and from the continuation of Tsountas's exploration of the buildings and lesser graves at Mycenae, a large treasure, independent of Schliemann's princely gift, has been gathered into the National Museum at Athens.

The revolution of 1897-98 opened the door to wider knowledge, and much exploration has ensued, for which see Crete.

Atonal music has no key signature, and is characterized by the exploration of internal numeric relationships.

Along with the larger tasks of exploration, warfare and diplomacy, the player has to make decisions about where to build new cities, which improvements or units to build in each city, which advances in knowledge should be sought ( and at what rate ), and how to transform the land surrounding the cities for maximum benefit.

There is speculation that Viking explorers discovered and settled in the Vinland region around 1000 AD, which is when the L ' Anse aux Meadows settlement in Newfoundland and Labrador has been dated, and it is possible that further exploration was made into the present-day Maritimes and northeastern United States.

Oil exploration in Ethiopia has been underway for decades, ever since Emperor Haile Selassie granted a 50-year concession to SOCONY-Vacuum in September 1945.

The term most commonly applies to a spacewalk made outside a craft orbiting Earth ( such as the International Space Station ), but also has applied to lunar surface exploration ( commonly known as moonwalks ) performed by six pairs of American astronauts in the Apollo program from 1969 to 1972.

The dish called cassoulet has its roots in the New World discovery of haricot beans, which are central to the dish's creation, but had not existed outside of the New World until its exploration by Christopher Columbus.

Thus the country has taken steps to diversify the economy, and to engage in further petroleum exploration.

This novel, subtitled " His Masquerade ", has won general acclaim in modern times as a complex and mysterious exploration of issues of fraud and honesty, identity and masquerade, but when it was published, it received reviews ranging from the bewildered to the denunciatory.

The Authority's main legislative accomplishment to date has been the adoption, in the year 2000, of regulations governing exploration for polymetallic nodules.

A NASA multi-center Technology Applications Assessment Team led from the Johnson Spaceflight Center, has as of January 2011 described " Nautilus-X ", a concept study for a multi-mission space exploration vehicle useful for missions beyond low earth orbit ( LEO ), of up to 24 months duration for a crew of up to six.

Another fairly detailed vehicle system, designed and optimized for crewed Solar System exploration, " Discovery II ", based on the D < sup > 3 </ sup > He reaction but using hydrogen as reaction mass, has been described by a team from NASA's Glenn Research Center.

Shaker Loops has been described as " hauntingly ethereal ," while 1999's " Naïve and Sentimental Music " has been called " an exploration of a marvelously extended spinning melody.

A lifelong inventor, Lovelock has created and developed many scientific instruments, some of which were designed for NASA in its program of planetary exploration.

This has changed as major economic developments take place in other parts of the country, like oil exploration in the South, the Giad Industrial Complex in Al Jazirah state and White Nile Sugar Project in Central Sudan, and the Merowe Dam in the North.

Treaty delimiting the boundary with Russia has been signed and ratified in 2007, under the treaty the Abrene district passes to Russia ; ongoing talks over maritime boundary dispute with Lithuania ( primary concern is oil exploration rights )

While initial research had been concerned mostly with the electrical characteristics of neurons, a particularly important part of the investigation in recent years has been the exploration of the role of neuromodulators such as dopamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin on behavior and learning.

The expedition has been organized by the Russian Geographical Society and the Russian Book of Records recorded the journey as the first expedition in the history of Arctic exploration to reach the Geographic North Pole using wheeled land auto vehicles.

‘ The exploration of Papua – New Guinea has been a continuing process.

Not until recent years has New Guinea ’ s exploration been planned ; much of it has been the work of miners, labour recruiters, missionaries, adventurers, with different objects in mind.

Many of these people have been doers, not recorders of facts, with the result that our knowledge of the territory ’ s exploration has not kept pace with the exploration itself .’