Senator John Kerry's 1988 Committee on Foreign Relations report on Contra drug links concluded that " senior U. S. policy makers were not immune to the idea that drug money was a perfect solution to the Contras ' funding problems.

Under the Boland Amendment, further funding of the Contras by the government had been prohibited by Congress.

Direct funding of the Contras insurgency had been made illegal through the Boland Amendment, the name given to three U. S. legislative amendments between 1982 and 1984 aimed at limiting US government assistance to the Contras militants.

When Congress prohibited further funding to the Contras, Reagan continued the funding through arms sales that were also prohibited by Congress.

After the U. S. Congress prohibited federal funding of the Contras in 1983, the Reagan administration continued to back the Contras by raising money from foreign allies and covertly selling arms to Iran ( then engaged in a vicious war with Iraq ), and channelling the proceeds to the Contras ( see the Iran-Contra Affair ).

When this scheme was revealed, Reagan admitted that he knew about Iranian " arms for hostages " dealings but professed ignorance about the proceeds funding the Contras ; for this, National Security Council aide Lt. Col. Oliver North took much of the blame.

Senator John Kerry's 1988 U. S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations report on links between the Contras and drug imports to the US concluded that " senior U. S. policy makers were not immune to the idea that drug money was a perfect solution to the Contras ' funding problems.

U. S. funding of the Contras by appropriated funds spent by intelligence agencies had been prohibited by the Boland Amendment.

After the United States Congress turned down continued funding of the Contras in April 1985, the Reagan administration ordered a total embargo on United States trade with Nicaragua the following month, accusing the Sandinista government of threatening United States security in the region.

In August 1989, the month that campaigning began, the Contras redeployed 8, 000 troops into Nicaragua, after a funding boost from Washington, becoming in effect the armed wing of the UNO, carrying out a violent campaign of intimidation.

U. S. funding for the Contras, who opposed the Sandinista government of Nicaragua, was obtained from covert sources.

The U. S. Congress did not authorize sufficient funds for the Contras ' efforts, and the Boland Amendment barred further funding.

Under Reagan ( 1981 – 1989 ) the role of Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North, USMC, in the facilitation of funding to the Contras in Nicaragua, in explicit contravention of a United States Congressional ban, has been highlighted as an example of a " junior courtier's " ability to act, based on his position as a member of a large White House staff.

Despite the US government's official position against the drug trade, US government agents and assets have been implicated in the drug trade and were caught and investigated during the Iran-Contra scandal, implicated in the use of the drug trade as a secret source of funding for the USA's support of the Contras.

Upon her election, the United States stopped funding the insurgents better known as " Contras.

Chamorro's presidency is primarily known for the peace her election allowed for war-ravaged Nicaragua, as the US was expected to continue funding the Contras ( and maintain the embargo ) if she did not win.

It reversed ex-President Jimmy Carter's official condemnation of the Argentine junta for human rights abuses and allowed the CIA to collaborate with Argentine intelligence in funding the Contras.

The Institute for Works of Religion has been often accused of funding the Solidarity Polish trade-union as well as the Contras, managing US covert funds.

He opposed and voted against the Gulf War in 1991, and opposed funding the Contras in Nicaragua and similar armed groups in Latin America.

The resolution of the civil wars in El Salvador and Nicaragua and across-the-board budget cuts made in all ministries has brought reduced funding for the Honduran armed forces.

Nicaragua relies on international economic assistance to meet internal-and external-debt financing obligations, although foreign donors curtailed this funding in response to widespread allegations of electoral fraud in Nicaragua's November 2008 elections.

Boland's most famous work as a Congressman was the 1982 Boland Amendment, which blocked further funding of the Contras in Nicaragua after the Central Intelligence Agency had supervised acts of sabotage without notifying Congress.

In partnership with local communities, who provide partial funding, library staff and management, libraries have been established or enhanced in Nicaragua, India and Pakistan.

For example, by secretly funding the secret war of the militarily-defeated, right-wing Contras against the left-wing Sandinista government of Nicaragua, which led to the Iran-Contra Affair, wherein the Reagan Administration sold American weapons to US enemy Iran to arm the Contras with Warsaw Pact weapons, and their consequent drug-dealing in American cities.

* Iran-Contra scandal: President Reagan signed the top-secret NSDD-17, a National Security Decision Directive, authorizing the CIA to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua and allotting $ 19, 950, 000 funding.

However, most of this aid has been targeted at the Federation ; the previous government of the RS was anti-Dayton and not assisted by the U. S. The election of the " Sloga " or " Unity " Coalition government, led by Prime Minister Dodik, has shifted the balance of power in the Republika Srpska ( RS ) to a pro-Dayton stance and will result in an upsurge of funding to the RS from the international community.

Failure to address the economic and social disparities and increasing political awareness of the less-affluent population, as well as indirect intervention and economic funding to the main political groups by both the KGB and the CIA, as part of the Cold War, led to a political polarization under Socialist President Salvador Allende which in turn resulted in the 11 September 1973 coup and the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet, whose 17-year regime was responsible for numerous human rights violations and deep market-oriented economic reforms.

This led to funding from ARPA to launch his work.

For instance, New Zealand's landmark reform in 1989, during which schools were granted substantial autonomy, funding was devolved to schools, and parents were given a free choice of which school their children would attend, led to moderate improvements in most schools.

Taxpayer revolts, leading to cuts in funding for public education in many states, have led to the founding of an unprecedented number of independent schools, many of which have progressive philosophies.

The rebels were disorganized, had differing goals, and were poorly equipped, led, and trained, and had no outside support or funding.

The clinic received a large amount funding from John D. Rockefeller Jr. and his family, which continued to make donations to Sanger's causes in future decades, but generally made them anonymously to avoid public exposure of the family name, and to protect family member Nelson Rockefeller's political career since openly advocating birth control could have led to the Catholic Church opposing him politically.

The news of funding led to a rise in risk premium Spanish to very high levels and a strong fall of the stock exchange in Madrid in June and July 2012.

At the time it competed with TRIUMF's KAON Factory proposal for federal funding, and the wide variety of universities backing SNO quickly led to it being selected for development.

SFU's research efforts have led it to obtain the highest publication impact among Canadian comprehensive universities, and the highest success rates per faculty member in competitions for Federal research council funding from NSERC and SSHRC.

Shuttle-Mir was another project, and led to the U. S. funding Spektr, Priroda, and the Mir Docking Module in the 1990s.

But, in 1958, under the policy of " massive resistance " led by the influential segregationist Senator Harry F. Byrd and his Byrd Organization, the Commonwealth prohibited desegregated local schools from receiving state funding.

The prominence of Hubbard's name and the lavish funding of the contest awards, publicity and ceremonies have led some to speculate that the contest is part of a campaign by the Church of Scientology to promote Hubbard's status in the science fiction and literary communities.

However, limited progress led the IMF to suspend funding between 1999 and 2001.

Although the positive outcomes of the IDA's efforts in Africa had been historically slow, the large allocation of funding to African countries led to positive outcomes particularly within agriculture and infrastructure development efforts.

He led one of the most progressive administrations in the state's history, pushing for increased education funding, better public health, new highway construction, and pro-labor legislation.

The greatly increased funding from Red Bull, including the use of the Red Bull chassis and Ferrari engines, gradually led to improved results, culminating in Toro Rosso's maiden win at the 2008 Italian Grand Prix.

The ' Black Proposal ' was a short, ten-page proposal for the creation of a supercomputing center which eventually led to funding from the National Science Foundation ( NSF ) to create supercomputing centers, including the National Center for Supercomputing Applications ( NCSA ) at the University of Illinois.

) The previous day, he had led a crowd of thousands in Rome on Friday in protest at the center-right government's decision to cut state arts funding by 35 percent.

In recent years, the hospital has experienced severe funding difficulties that nearly led to a reduction or elimination of emergency room services.

In the U. S., a 1966 federal bill provided funding that led to the development of APM systems under the Downtown People Mover Program.

In the late 1970s, Gulf was effectively funding a Soviet bloc regime in Africa while the US government was attempting to overthrow that regime by supporting the UNITA rebels led by Jonas Savimbi.

The end of the Space Race, culminating in the Moon landings, decreased the emphasis placed on space exploration by national governments and therefore led to decreased demands for public funding of manned space flights.

The deep involvement of the American CIA in the creation and early funding of the INC in its early years led many to consider the group a " creation of the CIA " rather than an organ of genuine Iraqi opposition.

This eventually led to a joint government / industry initiative to promote 1986 as " Industry Year ", with the RSA and the Comino Foundation providing core funding of £ 250, 000-which persuaded the Confederation of British Industry to raise £ 1 million and government departments to provide £ 3 million.