Precise pressure-volume-temperature measurements on corrosive gases are dependent on a sensitive yet rugged pressure transducer.

These scientists are convinced that a telescope unclouded by the earth's gases will go a long way toward bolstering or destroying cosmic theories.

Most amphibians, however, are able to exchange gases with the water or air via their skin.

The gases are contained in a test-tube ( A ) standing over a large quantity of weak alkali ( B ), and the current is conveyed in wires insulated by U-shaped glass tubes ( CC ) passing through the liquid and round the mouth of the test-tube.

Allotropes are typically more noticeable in non-metals ( excluding the halogens and the noble gases ) and metalloids.

The simplest alkenes, ethene, propene and butene are gases.

In reality, gases are composed of molecules which collide with one another and solid objects.

The principal natural phenomena that contribute acid-producing gases to the atmosphere are emissions from volcanoes.

The gases can be carried hundreds of kilometers in the atmosphere before they are converted to acids and deposited.

Wet removal of both gases and aerosols are both of importance for wet deposition.

< td >< center > NONE ( All gases are mutually miscible )</ center ></ td >

Further improvements are achievable by catalytic after-burning devices ( such as catalytic converters ) or by the simple partial return of the exhaust gases into the combustion process.

All but a few of the most inert elements, such as noble gases and noble metals, are usually found on Earth in chemically combined form, as chemical compounds.

Similarly, the halogens and the noble gases are nonmetals, viewed in the broader sense.

Most of the elements are solids at conventional temperatures and atmospheric pressure, while several are gases.

Since several elements are gases at commonly encountered temperatures, their densities are usually stated for their gaseous forms ; when liquefied or solidified, the gaseous elements have densities similar to those of the other elements.

Materials, such as solids, liquids and gases, are composed of molecules separated by empty space.

The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases — indeed most of the physical environment around us — are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.

Polysilicon may be grown directly with doping, if gases such as phosphine, arsine or diborane are added to the CVD chamber.

The energy source is intended to generate a plasma in which the gases are broken down and more complex chemistries occur.

Since the electrical conductivity is low, gases are dielectrics or insulators.

Elements are trying to reach the low-energy noble gas configuration, and therefore alkali metals and halogens will donate and accept one electron, respectively, and the noble gases themselves are chemically inactive.

J. J. Thomson created a technique for separating atom types through his work on ionized gases, which subsequently led to the discovery of stable isotopes.

Trench warfare dominated strategy on the Western Front, and the use of chemical and poison gases added to the devastation.

The formula that yields this temperature is based on the first law of thermodynamics and takes note of the fact that the heat of combustion is used entirely for heating the fuel, the combustion air or oxygen, and the combustion product gases ( commonly referred to as the flue gas ).

The reacting gases adsorb onto " active sites " on the iron particles.

CVD diamond growth typically occurs under low pressure ( 1 – 27 kPa ; 0. 145 – 3. 926 psi ; 7. 5-203 Torr ) and involves feeding varying amounts of gases into a chamber, energizing them and providing conditions for diamond growth on the substrate.

The gases always include a carbon source, and typically include hydrogen as well, though the amounts used vary greatly depending on the type of diamond being grown.

In some circumstances, mainly depending on the origin and the composition of the raw materials used, the high-temperature calcination process of limestone and clay minerals can release in the atmosphere gases and dust rich in volatile heavy metals, a. o, thallium, cadmium and mercury are the most toxic.

The gases present in the atmosphere on Earth have varied greatly over its history.

) molecular velocity and, therefore depend on the temperature and pressure of gases.

By their percentage contribution to the greenhouse effect on Earth the four major gases are:

A gas mask is a mask put on over the face to protect the wearer from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases.

Because the GWP of a greenhouse gas depends directly on its infrared spectrum, the use of infrared spectroscopy to study greenhouse gases is centrally important in the effort to understand the impact of human activities on global climate change.

Hemoglobin's oxygen-binding capacity is decreased in the presence of carbon monoxide because both gases compete for the same binding sites on hemoglobin, carbon monoxide binding preferentially in place of oxygen.

Except for the fuel delivery components, most internal combustion engines that are designed for gasoline use can run on natural gas or liquefied petroleum gases without major modifications.

The fresh charge is deflected upwards by a hump provided on the top of the piston and removes the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber.

A heat valve on the manifold would route the exhaust gases around the intake pipe, heating the kerosene to the point where it was vaporized and could be ignited by an electric spark.

Some weapons, such as the AR-15 / M16, do not have a piston, instead using a system of direct impingement in which the gases operate the bolt carrier by acting directly on it.

Developing countries like India, China and Brazil, however, say that the emission and regulation of greenhouse gases fall under the purview of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( UNFCCC ) and HFCs already figure in the basket of six greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol.

The calibration of an ion gauge is unstable and dependent on the nature of the gases being measured, which is not always known.

However, as is the case on Earth, nitrogen and its compounds occur commonly as gases in the atmospheres of planets and moons that have atmospheres.