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The geometry of the dynode chain is such that a cascade occurs with an ever-increasing number of electrons being produced at each stage.
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geometry and chain
In physics and geometry, the catenary is the curve that an idealized hanging chain or cable assumes under its own weight when supported only at its ends.
For example, periodic acid according to Kekuléan structure theory could be represented by the chain structure I-O-O-O-O-H. By contrast, the modern structure of ( meta ) periodic acid has all four oxygen atoms surrounding the iodine in a tetrahedral geometry.
Nuclear fission weapons must use an extremely high quality, highly-enriched fuel exceeding the critical size and geometry ( critical mass ) in order to obtain an explosive chain reaction.
In geometry a polygon () is a flat shape consisting of straight lines that are joined to form a closed chain or
The active site Ni geometry cycles from square planar Ni ( II ), with thiolate ( Cys2 and Cys6 ) and backbone nitrogen ( His1 and Cys2 ) ligands, to square pyramidal Ni ( III ) with an added axial His1 side chain ligand.
The former benefit saves on chain and sprocket wear and the later allows for a more consistent drive geometry and fully available rear suspension travel during heavy acceleration.
In materials science and chemistry, a polaron is formed when a charge within a molecular chain influences the local nuclear geometry, causing an attenuation ( or even reversal ) of nearby bond alternation amplitudes.
Rear suspension geometry can cause the distance between the crankset and rear wheel to change as it moves, requiring a sprung chain tensioner to maintain the correct tension.
geometry and is
The experimental arrangement as described below is based on the geometry of free burning arcs.
**yc is defined by the geometry of the knife ; ;
It can be seen that Af is a constant, and is determined for the most part by the geometry of the knife.
If one also removes the second postulate (" a line can be extended indefinitely ") then elliptic geometry arises, where there is no parallel through a point outside a line, and in which the interior angles of a triangle add up to more than 180 degrees.
The first approach is to compute the statistical moments by separating the data into bins and then computing the moments from the geometry of the resulting histogram, which effectively becomes a one-pass algorithm for higher moments.
** In metric geometry an automorphism is a self-isometry.
In geometry, an angle is the figure formed by two rays, called the sides of the angle, sharing a common endpoint, called the vertex of the angle.
In Riemannian geometry, the metric tensor is used to define the angle between two tangents.
The combined area of these three shapes is between 15 and 16 square ( geometry ) | squares.
In addition to its obvious importance in geometry and calculus, area is related to the definition of determinants in linear algebra, and is a basic property of surfaces in differential geometry.
In geometry an Archimedean solid is a highly symmetric, semi-regular convex polyhedron composed of two or more types of regular polygons meeting in identical vertices.
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which combines techniques of abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with the language and the problems of geometry.
He is especially known for his foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry.
Alexander Grothendieck (; ; born 28 March 1928 ) is a mathematician and the central figure behind the creation of the modern theory of algebraic geometry.
It is, however, in algebraic geometry and related fields where Grothendieck did his most important and influential work.
His foundational work on algebraic geometry is at a higher level of abstraction than all prior versions.
A value of 0 means that the pixel does not have any coverage information and is transparent ; i. e. there was no color contribution from any geometry because the geometry did not overlap this pixel.
A value of 1 means that the pixel is opaque because the geometry completely overlapped the pixel.
In classical mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry, or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system and the principles of algebra and analysis.
geometry and such
Early mathematicians regarded axiomatic geometry as a model of physical space, and obviously there could only be one such model.
In analytic geometry, geometric notions such as distance and angle measure are defined using formulas.
In analytic geometry, an asymptote () of a curve is a line such that the distance between the curve and the line approaches zero as they tend to infinity.
In some contexts, such as algebraic geometry, an asymptote is defined as a line which is tangent to a curve at infinity.
The standard projection model for the atom probe is an emitter geometry that is based upon a revolution of a conic section, such as a sphere, hyperboloid or paraboloid.
More than a decade after Richardson completed his work, Benoît Mandelbrot developed a new branch of mathematics, fractal geometry, to describe just such non-rectifiable complexes in nature as the infinite coastline.
Quantum oscillations is another experimental technique where high magnetic fields are used to study material properties such as the geometry of the fermi surface.
A stationary point is a geometry such that the derivative of the energy with respect to all displacements of the nuclei is zero.
Some branches of mathematics such as algebraic geometry, typically influenced by the French school of Bourbaki, use the term quasi-compact for the general notion, and reserve the term compact for topological spaces that are both Hausdorff and quasi-compact.
In algebraic geometry, such topological spaces are examples of quasi-compact schemes, " quasi " referring to the non-Hausdorff nature of the topology.
Other newer video formats such as DVD and Blu-ray use the same physical geometry as CD, and video players can usually play audio CDs as well.
* Due to special electronic effects such as ( second-order ) Jahn-Teller stabilization, certain geometries are stabilized relative to the other possibilities, e. g. for some compounds the trigonal prismatic geometry is stabilized relative to octahedral structures for six-coordination.
Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory, and more.
From the point of view of differential geometry, the coffee cup and the donut are different because it is impossible to rotate the coffee cup in such a way that its configuration matches that of the donut.
Thus differential geometry may study differentiable manifolds equipped with a connection, a metric ( which may be Riemannian, pseudo-Riemannian, or Finsler ), a special sort of distribution ( such as a CR structure ), and so on.
This distinction between differential geometry and differential topology is blurred, however, in questions specifically pertaining to local diffeomorphism invariants such as the tangent space at a point.
Various concepts based on length, such as the arc length of curves, area of plane regions, and volume of solids all possess natural analogues in Riemannian geometry.
In mathematics and computational geometry, a Delaunay triangulation for a set P of points in a plane is a triangulation DT ( P ) such that no point in P is inside the circumcircle of any triangle in DT ( P ).
In Euclidean geometry, the ellipse is usually defined as the bounded case of a conic section, or as the set of points such that the sum of the distances to two fixed points ( the foci ) is constant.
In this sense, Euclidean geometry is more concrete than many modern axiomatic systems such as set theory, which often assert the existence of objects without saying how to construct them, or even assert the existence of objects that cannot be constructed within the theory.
Note that congruences alter some properties, such as location and orientation, but leave others unchanged, like distance and angle s. The latter sort of properties are called invariant ( mathematics ) | invariant s and studying them is the essence of geometry.
As suggested by the etymology of the word, one of the earliest reasons for interest in geometry was surveying, and certain practical results from Euclidean geometry, such as the right-angle property of the 3-4-5 triangle, were used long before they were proved formally.
An application of Euclidean solid geometry is the determination of packing arrangements, such as the problem of finding the most efficient packing of spheres in n dimensions.
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