According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, the large number of people claimed to have been killed by the Jews is an improbability ; " Perhaps the most striking point against the historical value of the Book of Esther is the remarkable decree permitting the Jews to massacre their enemies and fellow subjects during a period of two days.

He argues that a one-time event is subject to improbability but once under way, natural selection itself is nothing like random chance.

Argument from rarity – Consider this case: a lottery winner is accused of cheating, based on the improbability of winning.

" Ruhuna " is claimed to be derived from the word's Ravana Pura or Rohana Pura, despite the liguistic improbability of ' va ' becoming ' ha ' in Prakrit.

In the former all was imagination and improbability: in the latter, nature is always intended to be, and sometimes has been, copied with success ...".

According to Richard Dawkins, the law is " really just a statement about the statistical improbability of following exactly the same evolutionary trajectory twice ( or, indeed, any particular trajectory ), in either direction.

One passage that it is argued contains a logical improbability in Greek is Matthew 4: 8.

The usefulness of a biosignature is determined, not only by the probability of life creating it, but also by the improbability of nonbiological ( abiotic ) processes producing it.

The view of mainstream modern biblical scholarship is that the improbability of the Exodus story originates because it was written not as history, but to demonstrate God's purpose and deeds with his Chosen People, Israel.

The problem is caused by the improbability of the wants, needs or events that cause or motivate a transaction occurring at the same time and the same place.

It is defined as " A degree of improbability below which a specified event of that probability cannot reasonably be attributed to chance regardless of whatever probabilitistic resources from the known universe are factored in.

In computer programming the improbability factor is a situation where a problem exists in a system.

The improbability factor is an example of an anti-pattern.

A casspir full of love is much like a bomb that bursts with happiness-it is an intangible improbability.

Furthermore, he refers to his counter argument to the argument from improbability by that same name:

Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson explicitly relied on Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr .' s " clear and present danger " test as adapted by Learned Hand: " In each case must ask whether the gravity of the ' evil ,' discounted by its improbability, justifies such invasion of free speech as necessary to avoid the danger.

Marvin rejoins the crew on the Heart of Gold, using the improbability drive programmed by Zaphod Beeblebrox the Fourth, takes them to the ravaged planet Brontitall.

In each case must ask whether the gravity of the " evil ," discounted by its improbability, justifies such invasion of free speech as necessary to avoid the danger.

Daniels had hoped to squelch Mitchell by releasing a report on the results written by Captain William D. Leahy stating that, " The entire experiment pointed to the improbability of a modern battleship being either destroyed or completely put out of action by aerial bombs.

Despite the improbability of success and without telling Giles or Buffy, Jenny attempts to restore Angel's soul by using her computer to translate the ancient curse.

" The improbability of dorso-ventral axis inversion during animal evolution, as presumed by Geoffroy Saint Hilaire ".

They are, very improbably, picked up by the Heart of Gold, a ship powered by an infinite improbability drive, which has been stolen by Ford's semi-cousin and President of the Galaxy, Zaphod Beeblebrox.

A critique of John Steinbeck's The Short Reign of Pippin IV by Peter Lisca describes the story as lacking the burlesque humor of Tortilla Flat, the Rabelaisin humor of St. Katy the Virgin, the folk humor of Grapes of Wrath, the tender humor of Cannery Row, the " terrible " Jonathan Swiftian humor of the Wayward Bus, and ( instead ) consisting of " a sophomoric humor of grotesque improbability and wordplay.

The pedantic and inanimate tragedies of the 16th century were followed, during the Iron Age of Italian literature, by dramas of which extravagance in the sentiments and improbability in the action were the chief characteristics.

In 1930 came belated recognition from London — the Royal Geographical Society awarded him its Patron's Medal, proclaiming that the magnitude of the difficulties overcome by Borchgrevink had initially been underestimated: " It was only after the work of Scott's Northern Party [...] that we were able to realise the improbability that any explorer could do more in the Cape Adare district than Mr Borchgrevink had accomplished.

The improbability of there having been two poets of the same name, writing on subjects so closely akin and such near contemporaries, may perhaps be explained by assuming that the real name of the author of the Cynegetica was not Oppian, but that he has been confused with his predecessor.

His calculations were based on the improbability of these few subjects guessing the Zener cards shown to a partner by chance.

Due to the improbability of this being random chance, and its consistency too long to be attributed to convergence by natural selection, these similarities can be plausibly linked to the existence of a common ancestor with common genes.

The conviction of these two, hitherto unshaken by the nonsense and the improbability of the " Vercingétorix document " — as Esterhazy had called it — gave way before the mismatch of the squares ruled on the paper.

Berkson's paradox-mistaking conditional probability for unconditional-led to several wrongful convictions of British mothers, accused of murdering two of their children in infancy, where the primary evidence against them was the statistical improbability of two children dying accidentally in the same household ( under " Meadow's law ").

As the clock wound down in the third period, fans — realizing the improbability of the team winning two straight games in Bathurst — rose to give their team a standing ovation farewell and thanks.

Due to the high improbability that the same pseudogenes ( copying errors included ) would exist in the same places in two unrelated genomes, evolutionary biologists point to NANOG and its pseudogenes as providing formidable evidence of common descent between humans and chimpazees.

The " improbability argument " also misrepresents natural selection.

He believes the chances of life arising on a planet like the Earth are many orders of magnitude less probable than most people would think, but the anthropic principle effectively counters skepticism with regard to improbability.

These images invite the reader to consider the incredible improbability of a large but finite number of monkeys working for a large but finite amount of time producing a significant work, and compare this with the even greater improbability of certain physical events.

In addition to the " improbability " of it, it was too similar to the plot of their 1877 opera, The Sorcerer.

Davis noted as evidence for this theory the improbability of a woman's mistaking a stranger for her husband, Bertrande's support for Arnaud until ( and even partially during ) the trial, and their shared story of intimacy, likely prepared in advance.

He points to the improbability of Bertrande's charging her own accomplice with fraud, as she would run the risk of having to defend herself against charges of adultery or false accusation.

" In addition to the " improbability " of it, it was too similar to the plot of their 1877 opera, The Sorcerer, and was too complex a plot.

The marriage merged the Stuarts with England's Tudor line of succession, despite the improbability of a Scottish prince acceding the English throne at the time.

Termolecular reactions in solutions or gas mixtures are very rare, because of the improbability of three molecular entities simultaneously colliding.