Abbreviations have been used as long as phonetic scripts have existed, in some sense actually being more common in early literacy, where spelling out a whole word was often avoided, initial letters commonly being used to represent words in specific application.

Idempotence ( ) is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.

His " Report on the Peasant Movement in Hunan " is considered the initial and decisive step towards the successful application of Mao's revolutionary theories.

An initial application for Film Commission money was rejected, ironically by Executive Director Jim Booth, who a short time later became Jackson's producer.

WebObjects failed to achieve wide popularity partly because of the initial high price of $ 50, 000, but it remains the first and most prominent early example of a web application server which enabled dynamic page generation based on user interactions as opposed to static content.

; Lambda calculus: A computation consists of an initial lambda expression ( or two if you want to separate the function and its input ) plus a finite sequence of lambda terms, each deduced from the preceding term by one application of Beta reduction.

The most common application of turboprop engines in civilian aviation is in small commuter aircraft, where their greater reliability than reciprocating engines offsets their higher initial cost.

These include imperative / despotic languages such as brainfuck, in which instructions describe how to change data ; functional languages such as Unlambda, in which data and code are more or less interchangeable and execution is the repeated application of functions to the results of other functions ; and rewriting languages such as Thue, in which transformation functions are applied to an initial state.

This realist school developed a rigid five-member schema of inference involving an initial premise, a reason, an example, an application and a conclusion.

In particular, when the application receives the ASCII escape character, it is not clear whether that character is the result of the user pressing the Esc key or whether it is the initial character of an escape sequence ( e. g., resulting from an arrow key press ).

The initial release of the application provides standard features for the genre, including a bookmarklet and import capabilities.

The differential equation is a general description of the application and may be adjusted appropriately for a specific situation, the solution describes exactly how the system will behave for all times after the initial conditions, and according to the boundary conditions.

As recounted in his 1925 Radio News autobiography, his initial attempts were rebuffed ; in his first application Fessenden wrote, " Do not know anything about electricity, but can learn pretty quick ," to which Edison replied, " Have enough men now who do not know about electricity.

For Henri Pousseur, after an initial period working with twelve-tone technique in works like Sept Versets ( 1950 ) and Trois Chants sacrés ( 1951 ), serialismevolved away from this bond in Symphonies pour quinze Solistes and in the Quintette la mémoire d ’ Anton Webern, 1955, and from around the time of Impromptu encounters whole new dimensions of application and new functions.

One application of SVD to rather large matrices is in numerical weather prediction, where Lanczos methods are used to estimate the most linearly quickly growing few perturbations to the central numerical weather prediction over a given initial forward time period – i. e. the singular vectors corresponding to the largest singular values of the linearized propagator for the global weather over that time interval.

Whatever Coke's meaning, after an initial period of application, Bonham's Case was thrown aside in favour of the growing doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty.

It is also possible to deploy two-prong IVR services where the initial IVR application is used to route the call to the appropriate contact center.

A set of modules, called Control Program Support ( CPS ), was linked with the application to provide task management, data processing input / output support and initial program loading for both disks and diskettes.

Although the initial major application was for sunglasses and scientific work, it quickly found many additional applications: for color animation in the Wurlitzer 850 Peacock jukebox of 1942, for glasses in full-color stereoscopic ( 3-D ) movies, to control brightness of light through a window, a necessary component of all LCDs, and many more.

His initial application to NASA was denied with the notation not suitable for long-duration flight.

Osho would later plead guilty to immigration fraud, including making false statements on his initial visa application.

Hearings on Microwave Communications ' initial application occurred between 13 February 1967 and 19 April 1967 resulted in a recommendation that the FCC approve MCI's application.

JIT typically causes a slight delay in initial execution of an application, due to the time taken to load and compile the bytecode.

While an initial pesticide application may be necessary to control heavy infestations, repeated applications may lead to strains of whiteflies that are resistant to pesticides, so only use of selective insecticides is advised.

`` Damn you, Adams '' -- Jess was beginning to recover from his initial shock.

As he talked about himself, time and again stuffing and dragging on his pipe, Steinberg began to relax and the initial hurried feeling grew faint and was dispelled.

With facts mainly in his mind, he was often acute in the matter of style, and he said, `` The young who have as yet nothing to say will try larks with initial letters and broken lines.

In each case there was an initial act of violence.

This aircraft, which was planned for initial operational use about 1965, would be complementary to but likewise competitive with the four strategic ballistic missile systems, all of which are scheduled to become available earlier.

A satisfactory cloud was produced even though these nozzles were only about 5 per cent efficient in producing an initial cloud in the size range of 1 to 5 microns.

In this case, then, the military objective was accomplished with an epidemic agent solely through the results secured in the initial attack.

Such a dual derivation was strikingly demonstrated during the injection process where initial filling would be noted to occur in several isolated pleural vessels at once.

At no time was it implied by the experimenter that the subject's initial reaction was deviant.

There was no implication made that their initial reaction ( absence of an arm-elevation ) was less preferred than the presence of levitation.

Moreover, it is too readily forgotten that in the Republic what gave the initial impetus to Plato's excursus into the construction of an imaginary commonwealth with its ruling-class communism of goods, wives, and children, was his quest for a canon for the proper ordering of the individual human psyche ; ;

The initial setting of the availability table indicated that the index word or electronic switch was not available for assignment.

For the initial development an oxidation pond was constructed as shown in Figure 1.

One of his initial acts in office was to appoint Philip Coombs of the Ford Foundation as the first Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs.

One of Mrs. Kennedy's initial concerns as First Lady was the sad state of the furnishings in a building which is supposed to be a national shrine.

One of the initial questions put to President Kennedy at his first news conference last January was about his attitude toward a meeting with Premier Khrushchev.

Her initial intelligence tests registered above normal and her adaptation index was unusually high.

Seward's initial reaction to the Trent affair, however, was too bellicose, so Lincoln also turned to Senator Charles Sumner, the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and an expert in British diplomacy.

The study of altruism was the initial impetus behind George R. Price's development of the Price equation, which is a mathematical equation used to study genetic evolution.

The first is called the initial arraignment and must take place within 48 hours of an individual's arrest, 72 hours if the individual was arrested on the weekend and not able to go before a judge until Monday.

The Glagolitic alphabet was the initial script of the liturgical language Old Church Slavonic and became, together with the Greek uncial script, the basis of the Cyrillic script.

Johnston's initial call upon the governors for more men did not result in many immediate recruits but Johnston had another, even bigger, problem since his force was seriously short of arms and ammunition even for the troops he had.