A central aim in equilibrium thermodynamics is: given a system in a well-defined initial state, subject to specified constraints, to calculate what the equilibrium state of the system will be.

However, unlike standard Newtonian mechanics, the initial velocity field is already specified by which is a symptom of this being a first-order theory, not a second-order theory.

* There are facilities that allow changing dimensions at run-time ; permitting the programmer to vary the location of the initial element in an array within the overall block which has been set aside for the array ; and allowing an arbitrary storage mapping to be specified.

The initial description of the reverse specified thirteen levels to the pyramid, and though the number was left out of the final version, all depictions typically still show thirteen levels.

Implemented in 10 μm silicon-gate enhancement load PMOS ; initial versions of the 8008 could work at clock frequencies up to 0. 5 MHz, this was later increased in the 8008-1 to a specified maximum of 0. 8 MHz.

This is typically implemented using multi-pass encoding, where one or more initial passes are used to collect data on the stream, and a final pass uses that data to achieve uniform quality at the specified average bitrate.

Since moving a region of text required first removing it from its initial location and then inserting it into its new location various schemes had to be invented to allow for this multi-step process to be specified by the user.

Examples of archetypal well-posed problems include the Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation, and the heat equation with specified initial conditions.

For example, the beta distribution can be used in Bayesian analysis to describe initial knowledge concerning probability of success such as the probability that a space vehicle will successfully complete a specified mission.

Let an initial value problem be specified as follows.

The Panzer III was intended to fight other tanks ; in the initial design stage a cannon was specified.

A region is specified ( after initial creation ) by an opening of the region, drawing various QuickDraw shapes, and closing the region.

Rather than specifically handling this special case, the initial design simply specified an arbitrary time-out date in the future.

The solver must construct a game starting from the initial chess position, which ends with a given position ( thus proving that that position is reachable ) after a specified number of moves.

A boundary value problem has conditions specified at the extremes (" boundaries ") of the independent variable in the equation whereas an initial value problem has all of the conditions specified at the same value of the independent variable ( and that value is at the lower boundary of the domain, thus the term " initial " value ).

During the early centuries AD, however, the more advanced method of fanqie was developed, which allowed the pronunciation of any syllable to be specified unambiguously by using one character to indicate the initial consonant and another to indicate the remainder.

In mathematics, in the field of differential equations, an initial value problem ( also called the Cauchy problem by some authors ) is an ordinary differential equation together with a specified value, called the initial condition, of the unknown function at a given point in the domain of the solution.

* a gxInk specified how pixel values were to be computed when rendering the shape: besides specifying a basic color for the shape, this also included an elaborate transfer mode structure that could define a wide variety of functions of the initial and final destination pixel value.

The bombe identified possible initial positions of the rotor cores, and the stecker partner of a specified letter for a set of wheel orders.

The entropy increase tells how much extra microscopic information is needed to tell the final macroscopically specified state from the initial macroscopically specified state.

The initial clock rate of the 80186 was 6 MHz, but due to more hardware available for the microcode to use, especially for address calculation, many individual instructions ran faster than on an 8086 at the same clock frequency.

For all CPOL and CPHA modes, the initial clock value must be stable before the chip select line goes active.

A crude molecular clock in combination with the evidence given by Pygaeus allows to place the initial split between the two main lineages to the mid-late Eocene, and together with the few other fossils it allows to deduce that most living genera were probably distinct by the end of the Paleogene 23 mya.

Time code can be used as an initial phase reference for jam sync using the word clock as the frequency reference.

For this reason, this play is typically only attempted with very little time on the clock, when the field position advantage of the receiving team is not very important because they are already ahead and will simply focus on running the clock out and ending the game regardless of their initial field position.

The initial entrance was hidden behind a video game machine, but following later seasons the entrance was replaced with the traditional grandfather clock and a batpole.

Unlike the women's side, there was initial resistance to the implementation of a shot clock for men's NCAA basketball, due to fears that smaller colleges would be unable to compete with powerhouses in a running game.

Examination of the waveform ( e ) during the initial period illustrated, when V < sub > in </ sub > is 0. 4 V, shows ( e ) crossing the threshold well before the trigger edge ( positive edge of the clock pulse ) so that there is an appreciable delay before the impulse starts.

The initial pre-release specifications had called for a 175 MHz core clock rate, with a resulting 700 million texels / second fillrate.

Unlike the frequency domain approach, the use of the state space representation is not limited to systems with linear components and zero initial conditions.

At the most basic level, initial ratemaking involves looking at the frequency and severity of insured perils and the expected average payout resulting from these perils.

Ten simulations of random genetic drift of a single given allele with an initial frequency distribution 0. 5 measured over the course of 50 generations, repeated in three reproductively synchronous populations of different sizes.

Observations of this phenomenon provided the initial motivation for the concept of what is now known as frequency probability.

These equations demonstrate that the simple harmonic motion is isochronous ( the period and frequency are independent of the amplitude and the initial phase of the motion ).

A transfer function ( also known as the system function or network function ) is a mathematical representation, in terms of spatial or temporal frequency, of the relation between the input and output of a linear time-invariant system with zero initial conditions and zero-point equilibrium.

If the final vibrational state of the molecule is more energetic than the initial state, then the emitted photon will be shifted to a lower frequency in order for the total energy of the system to remain balanced.

If the final vibrational state is less energetic than the initial state, then the emitted photon will be shifted to a higher frequency, and this is designated as an Anti-Stokes shift.

The initial broadcasts of pirate radio station West and North Kent Radio ( WNKR ) took place at Norvic House, Larner Road, Erith, during the bank holiday weekend in August 1987, on a frequency of 91. 8FM.

The initial point is found by putting the initial angular frequency ω into the function and finding | H ( jω )|.

By analogy with the steady-state response of a resonant circuit that follows the initial transient response he defined an idealized steady-state evoked potential ( SSEP ) as a form of response to repetitive sensory stimulation in which the constituent frequency components of the response remain constant with time in both amplitude and phase.

Despite initial praise as providing " CD sound quality ", both Beta Hi-Fi and VHS HiFi suffered from " carrier buzz ", where high frequency information bled into the audio carriers, creating momentary " buzzing " and other audio flaws.

Ignoring the initial charge up of the capacitor, which is irrelevant for calculations of the frequency, note that charges and discharges oscillating between and.

In the example above, if the current were to alternate with the frequency of F = 60 Hz, drift velocity would likewise vary in a sine-wave pattern, and electrons would fluctuate about their initial positions with the amplitude of

The differences include the direction of the initial phase of the wave ( positive or negative, which correlates to the direction of flow of current through the electrocytes in the electric organ ), the amplitude of the wave, the frequency of the wave, and the number of phases of the wave.

Amongst the former were the December 2005 launch of Tegel Airport's first-ever scheduled service to the Qatar capital Doha by Qatar Airways, operated non-stop at an initial frequency of four flights a week, and Air Berlin's November 2010 launch of non-stop, thrice-weekly Tegel – Dubai flights ( another first ).

When a radio frequency signal is applied to the device, the initial high resistance of the filings reduces, allowing an electric current to flow through it.

Stocks containing inversions at a known initial frequency can be maintained in controlled conditions.

When a phase detector that's based on logic gates is used in a PLL, it can quickly force the VCO to synchronize with an input signal, even when the frequency of the input signal differs substantially from the initial frequency of the VCO.

" MobileStar's initial deployments used a frequency hopping product supplied by Proxim.

Composting process control parameters include the initial ratios of carbon and nitrogen rich materials, the amount of bulking agent added to assure air porosity, the pile size, moisture content, and turning frequency.