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Page "David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty" ¶ 22
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international and naval
That convention, which is still in practical force, treats the straits as an international shipping lane, but Turkey retains the right to restrict the naval traffic of non-Black Sea nations ( such as Greece, a traditional enemy, or Algeria ).
Yap was a major German naval communications center before the First World War and an important international hub for cable telegraphy.
The Cuban government opposes the presence of the naval base, claiming that the lease is invalid under international law as it was not a sovereign nation at the time.
In August 1981, in the first incident of the Gulf of Sidra, two Libyan jets fired on U. S. aircraft participating in a routine naval exercise over international waters of the Mediterranean Sea claimed by Libya.
The demand for war supplies stimulated the industrial sector, particularly naval supplies, munitions and textiles, which gave Britain an advantage in international trade during the postwar years.
* Phil Dunn-founder of the Naval Wargames Society, the only international organisation of naval wargaming to date, and author of Sea Battle Games.
** The Canadian ketch Vega, flying the Greenpeace III banner, collides with the French naval minesweeper La Paimpolaise while in international waters, to protest French nuclear weapon tests in the South Pacific.
The symbol of Britannia was first used in 1572 and often thereafter to mark the Elizabethan age as a renaissance that inspired national pride through classical ideals, international expansion, and naval triumph over the hated Spanish foe.
Valparaíso developed as a trans-oceanic rest stop for fishing ships, sea cruise-liners and international naval ships.
The geopolitical tradition had some consistent concerns with regards to geopolitical correlates of power in world politics, the identification of international core areas, and the relationships between naval and terrestrial capabilities.
The panel concluded that both Israel's naval blockade of Gaza and the interception of the flotilla " were found to be legally pursuant to the rules of international law ".
* Naval Wargames Society, the international society devoted to the advancement of naval wargames
Two weeks before the La Belle discotheque blast, Gaddafi called for Arab assaults on American interests worldwide after a U. S .- Libyan naval clash in the Mediterranean, in which 35 seamen on a Libyan patrol boat in the western Gulf of Sidra were killed in international waters claimed by Libyan government.
The term ersatz probably gained international attention during World War I, when the Allied naval blockade of Germany throttled maritime commerce with Germany, forcing Germany to develop substitutes for products like chemical compounds and provisions.
There were three major international naval conferences in London, the first in 1908-09, the second in 1930 and the third in 1935.
The report, released on 2 September 2011, found that Israel's “ naval blockade was imposed as a legitimate security measure in order to prevent weapons from entering Gaza by sea and its implementation complied with the requirements of international law ,” and that Israeli soldiers enforcing the blockade faced “ organized and violent resistance from a group of passengers ” when they boarded the ship.
The treaty provided for a large demilitarization of lakes along the international boundary, where many British naval arrangements and forts remained.
After the captured Royal Marines were executed by a naval firing squad in Bordeaux, the the Commander of the Navy Admiral Erich Raeder wrote in the Seekriegsleitung war diary that the executions of the Royal Marines were something " new in international law since the soldiers were wearing uniforms ".
After the Royal Marines were executed by a naval firing squad, the Commander of the Navy Admiral Erich Raeder wrote in the Seekriegsleitung war diary that the executions of the captured Royal Marines were something " new in international law since the soldiers were wearing uniforms ".
The resulting Aster surface-to-air missile meets inter-service and international requirements, addressing the needs of the land, air and naval forces of France, Italy and the United Kingdom.
"... to authorize and empower the President to take measures to secure a full and final termination of hostilities between the government of Spain and the people of Cuba, and to secure in the island the establishment of a stable government, capable of maintaining order and observing its international obligations, insuring peace and tranquillity and the security of its citizens as well as our own, and to use the military and naval forces of the United States as may be necessary for these purposes.
The Naval War College has two international courses, Naval Command College ( NCC ) and Naval Staff College ( NSC ), specifically prepared for the naval officers of other nations.
As Secretary of the Navy, ( 1929 – 1933 ), he vigorously promoted public understanding of the Navy's indispensable role in international affairs, and worked strenuously to maintain naval strength and efficiency during a period of severe economic depression.

international and brigade
The reaction speed is increased, with an entire brigade on standby readiness ; the military retains the capability to continually deploy 2, 000 soldiers in international service or 5, 000 over a short time span.
He also participated in an international labour brigade building roads in Zagreb in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1950.
On 23 March 2012, the African Union announced its intentions to send an international brigade of 5, 000 military troops " from Uganda, South Sudan, Central African Republic and Congo, countries where Kony ’ s reign of terror has been felt over the years ... to join the hunt for rebel leader Joseph Kony " and to " neutralize " him.
The film was based on a screenplay by Walter Gorrish and tells the story of the members of an international brigade during the Spanish Civil War.
The reaction speed will be increased, with an entire brigade on standby readiness for global deployment ; the military will retain the capability to deploy 2. 000 soldiers in international service, or 5. 000 for a short time span.
80 % of the brigade consisted of volunteers who agreed to participate in up to two possible six-month international deployments during their four-year reserve commitment ( originally this was only three years ).
His defending force, the city garrison being commanded by Sá de Bandeira, includes an international brigade with a British contingent under Charles Shaw and Colonel George Lloyd Hodges.

international and force
The European customs on which international law was based were to become, by force and fiat, the customs that others were to accept as law if they were to join this community as sovereign states.
* International Jazz Day, organized by UNESCO, first observed in 2012, " is intended to raise awareness in the international community of the virtues of jazz as an educational tool, and a force for peace, unity, dialogue and enhanced cooperation among people.
In 1993, the UN Security Council adopted four resolutions calling for the cessation of hostilities, unimpeded access for international humanitarian relief efforts, and the eventual deployment of a peacekeeping force in the region.
The Convention on Offenses and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft (" Tokyo Convention ") is a multilateral convention, done at Tokyo between 20 August and 14 September 1963, coming into force on 4 December 1963, and is applicable to offenses against penal law and to any acts jeopardizing the safety of persons or property on board civilian aircraft while in-flight and engaged in international air navigation.
These conventions are generally seen as having the force of international treaties for the ratifying countries.
Its primary tasks are ; NATO participation in accordance with the strategy of the alliance, detect and repel any sovereignty violation of Danish territory ( including Greenland and the Faroe Islands ), defence cooperation with non-NATO members, especially Central and East European countries, international missions in the area of conflict prevention, crises-control, humanitarian, peacemaking, peacekeeping, participate in Total Defence in cooperation with civilian resources and finally maintain a sizable force to execute these tasks at all times.
Designed by Secretary of State Dulles, it held the U. S. would be " prepared to use armed force ... counter aggression from any country controlled by international communism ".
Although not participating at all in the opening days of the invasion, Prime Minister Jean Chrétien announced on October 7 that Canada would contribute forces to the international force being formed to conduct a campaign against terrorism.
" The UN secretary general and other international powers condemned the move, while government ministers issued a statement saying " Members of government expressed their support and their attachment to the prime minister and firmly condemned the use of force as a means to resolve problems.
Alexandre petitioned the United Nations Security Council for the intervention of an international peacekeeping force.
These international troops have been criticized for cooperating with rebel forces, refusing to disarm them, and integrating former military and death-squad ( FRAPH ) members into the re-militarized Haitian National Police force following the coup.
Since the second post-war the Italian armed force has become more and more engaged in international peace support operations, mainly under the auspices of the United Nations.
Certain norms of international law achieve the binding force of peremptory norms ( jus cogens ) as to include all states with no permissible derogations.
It further includes the important functions of the maintenance of international peace and security, arms control, the pacific settlement of disputes and the regulation of the use of force in international relations.
Democracies in the developing world, due to their past colonial histories, often insist on non-interference in their internal affairs, particularly regarding human rights standards or their peculiar institutions, but often strongly support international law at the bilateral and multilateral levels, such as in the United Nations, and especially regarding the use of force, disarmament obligations, and the terms of the UN Charter.
Apart from a state's natural inclination to uphold certain norms, the force of international law comes from the pressure that states put upon one another to behave consistently and to honor their obligations.
If addressed, it may be through diplomacy and the consequences upon an offending state's reputation, submission to international judicial determination, arbitration, sanctions or force including war.
In rare cases, the Security Council can adopt resolutions under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, related to " threats to Peace, Breaches of the Peace and Acts of Aggression ," which are legally binding under international law, and can be followed up with economic sanctions, military action, and similar uses of force through the auspices of the United Nations.
Nevertheless, the pact is an important multilateral treaty because, in addition to binding the particular nations that signed it, it has also served as one of the legal bases establishing the international norms that the threat or use of military force in contravention of international law, as well as the territorial acquisitions resulting from it, are unlawful.
The interdiction of aggressive war was confirmed and broadened by the United Nations Charter, which provides in article 2, paragraph 4, that " All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.
This prompted the League to decide that the future of Vilnius should be determined by its residents in a plebiscite and that the Polish forces should withdraw and be replaced by an international force organized by the League.

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