Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ).

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century AD.

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as the spoken language of Mesopotamia somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century AD.

Leontyev had seen human action as a result of biological as well as cultural evolution and, drawing on Marx's materialist conception of culture, stressed that individual cognition always is part of social action which in turn is mediated by man-made tools ( cultural artifacts ), language and other man-made systems of symbols, which he viewed as a major distinguishing feature of human culture and, thus, human cognition.

The second point of transfer was near the Caprivi Strip and the Okavango River, where it was apparently the Yeyi language which borrowed the clicks from a West Kalihari Khoe language, and which in turn passed on a reduced click inventory to the neighboring Mbukushu, Kwangali, Gciriku, Kuhane, and Fwe languages in Angola, Namibia, Botswana, and Zambia.

Where Whorf reasoned that the sophistication of a language controls the sophistication of the thoughts that can be expressed by a speaker of that language, Engelbart reasoned that the state of our current technology controls our ability to manipulate information, and that fact in turn will control our ability to develop new, improved technologies.

The word dragon entered the English language in the early 13th century from Old French dragon, which in turn comes from Latin draconem ( nominative draco ) meaning " huge serpent, dragon ," from the Greek word δράκων, drakon ( genitive drakontos, δράκοντος ) " serpent, giant seafish ", which is believed to have come from an earlier stem drak -, a stem of derkesthai, " to see clearly ," from Proto-Indo-European derk-" to see " or " the one with the ( deadly ) glance.

DHTML allows scripting languages to change variables in a web page's definition language, which in turn affects the look and function of otherwise " static " HTML page content, after the page has been fully loaded and during the viewing process.

The Unix stream editor, sed implemented many of the scripting features of qed that were not supported by ed on Unix ; sed, in turn, influenced the design of the programming language AWK, which in turn inspired aspects of Perl.

The English word guitar, the German, and the French were adopted from the Spanish, which comes from the Andalusian Arabic, itself derived from the Latin, which in turn came from the Ancient Greek, and is thought to ultimately trace back to the Old Persian language Tar, which means string in Persian.

Hausa belongs to the West Chadic languages subgroup of the Chadic languages group, which in turn is part of the Afro-Asiatic language family.

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as the spoken language of Mesopotamia somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BCE ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century CE.

By the turn of the twentieth century it had begun to be displaced by the shorter and purely Arabic term Islam and by 1938, when Orientalist scholars completed The Encyclopaedia of Islam, seems to have virtually disappeared from the English language.

The Etruscan alphabet was in turn adopted and further modified by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.

The word " mammoth " comes from the Russian mamont, probably in turn from the Vogul ( Mansi ) language, mang ont, meaning " earth horn ".

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as the spoken language of Mesopotamia somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary, and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century CE.

Koestler and others viewed it as a true believer's last service to the Party ( while preserving the little amount of personal honor left ) whereas Bukharin biographer Stephen Cohen and Robert Tucker saw traces of Aesopian language, with which Bukharin sought to turn the table into an anti-trial of Stalinism ( while keeping his part of the bargain to save his family ).

Later, he became one of the central spirits of the Army Language Program and the language school of Washington's Foreign Service Institute.

The Glagolitic alphabet was the initial script of the liturgical language Old Church Slavonic and became, together with the Greek uncial script, the basis of the Cyrillic script.

He learned the Polish language at home and the Russian language in schools ; and having a French governess and a German governess, he became fluent in these four languages as a child.

When Austria became a member of the European Union, the Austrian variety of the German language — limited to 23 agricultural terms — was " protected " in Protocol No 10, regarding the use of specific Austrian terms of the German language in the framework of the European Union, which forms part of the Austrian EU accession treaty.

For example, " piaf " was a Parisian argot word for " sparrow "; after being taken up by the singer Edith Piaf, this meaning became well known in France and worldwide, and no longer serves the purpose of a secret language.

The hymn was translated into other languages as well: while on the Trail of Tears, the Cherokee sang Christian hymns as a way of coping with the ongoing tragedy, and a version of the song by Samuel Worcester that had been translated into the Cherokee language became very popular.

During the Akkadian period, the Akkadian language became the lingua franca of the Middle East, and was officially used for administration, although the Sumerian language remained as a spoken and literary language.

From his death, Polish became the sole language of the family, thus fully Polonising the Jagiello family.

In the Neo-Assyrian period the Aramaic language became increasingly common, more so than Akkadian — this was thought to be largely due to the mass deportations undertaken by Assyrian kings, in which large Aramaic-speaking populations, conquered by the Assyrians, were relocated to Assyria and interbred with the Assyrians.

The ancient Assyrians also used the Sumerian language in their literature and liturgy, although to a more limited extent in the Middle-and Neo-Assyrian periods, when Akkadian became the main literary language.

In the 1960s Whorf's views fell out of favor and he became the subject of harsh criticisms by scholars who considered language structure to primarily reflect cognitive universals rather than cultural differences.

As Whorf became more influenced by positivist science he also distanced himself from some approaches to language and meaning that he saw as lacking in rigor and insight.

The Basque language became the main everyday language, while other languages like Spanish, Gascon, French, or Latin were preferred for the administration and high education.

The language and its variants became widespread on microcomputers in the late 1970s and 1980s, when it was typically a standard feature, and often part of the firmware of the machine.

As a result of its free availability, knowledge of BASIC became relatively widespread ( for a computer language ) and BASIC was implemented by a number of manufacturers, becoming fairly popular on newer minicomputers like the DEC PDP series and the Data General Nova.

Kernighan's name became widely known through co-authorship of the first book on the C programming language with Dennis Ritchie.

It was the language of the upper classes until the 12th century, after which it became the language of commoners in West Brittany ( Breizh Izel ), while the nobility, followed by the bourgeoisie, adopted French.

The word " Bohemian " was used to denote the Czech people as well as the Czech language before the word " Czech " became prevalent in English.

* 1978 – 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against Soviet attempts to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.

Although English has no official status in the Constitution, Australian English is Australia's de facto official language and is the first language of the majority of the population.

The following year, The Guardian challenged the succession law in court, claiming that it violated the European Convention on Human Rights, which provides " The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this Convention shall be secured without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status.

Official status of the Basque language in Navarre

Today Basque holds co-official language status in the Basque regions of Spain: the full autonomous community of the Basque Country and some parts of Navarre.

The language has official status in those territories that are within the Basque Autonomous Community, where it is spoken and promoted heavily, but only partially in Navarre.

Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.

Nonetheless, the English language still enjoys status as an official language, alongside the Chinese language.

FLOW-MATIC's status as the only language of the bunch to have actually been implemented made it particularly attractive to the committee.

UNESCO classifies Corsican as a potentially endangered language, as it has " a large number of children speakers " but is " without an official or prestigious status ".

The status of language is not solely determined by linguistic criteria, but it is also the result of a historical and political development.

It is also spoken by 50, 000 Germans of Danish ethnicity in the northern parts of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, where it holds minority language status.

The Basque language of the western Pyrenees is an isolate unrelated to any other group, while Maltese is the only Semitic language in Europe with national language status.

While the article specifically prohibits discrimination based on " sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status ", the last of these allows the court to extend to Article 14 protection to other grounds not specifically mentioned such as has been done regarding discrimination based on a person's sexual orientation.

When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages ( Russian being the other one ).

Few tensions exist between the Finnish-speaking majority and the Swedish-speaking minority, although in certain circles there is an unending debate about the status of the Swedish language.

Francis presented himself as an open and approachable monarch ( he regularly set aside two mornings each week to meet his imperial subjects, regardless of status, by appointment in his office, even speaking to them in their own language ), but his will was sovereign.

The improvement in the status of the Finnish language was especially striking.

During the 16th century Italian Renaissance, the Questione della lingua was the discussion on the status and ideal form of the Italian language, initiated by Dante's de vulgari eloquentia ( Pietro Bembo, Prose della volgar lingua Venice 1525 ).

Standard Chinese has official status as the standard spoken form of the Chinese language in the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), the Republic of China ( ROC ) and the Republic of Singapore.