Neurons in the lateral entorhinal cortex exhibit little spatial selectivity, whereas neurons of the medial entorhinal cortex ( MEA ), exhibit multiple " place fields " that are arranged in an hexagonal pattern, and are, therefore, called " grid cells ".

Kuniyoshi Sakai proposed, based on several neuroimaging studies, that there may be a " grammar center ", where language is primarily processed in the left lateral premotor cortex ( located near the pre central sulcus and the inferior frontal sulcus ).

The disparity between the electrical output of these two slightly different images is resolved either at the level of the lateral geniculate nucleus or in a part of the visual cortex called ' V1 '.

A study investigating structural changes in the brains of people with psychosis showed there was significant grey matter reduction in the right medial temporal, lateral temporal, and inferior frontal gyrus, and in the cingulate cortex bilaterally of people before and after they became psychotic.

Wernicke ’ s Area is located posterior to the lateral sulcus, typically in the left hemisphere, between the visual, auditory, and somesthetic areas of the cerebral cortex.

Grey matter is distributed at the surface of the cerebral hemispheres ( cerebral cortex ) and of the cerebellum ( cerebellar cortex ), as well as in the depths of the cerebrum ( thalamus ; hypothalamus ; subthalamus, basal ganglia-putamen, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens ; septal nuclei ), cerebellar ( deep cerebellar nuclei-dentate nucleus, globose nucleus, emboliform nucleus, fastigial nucleus ), brainstem ( substantia nigra, red nucleus, olivary nuclei, cranial nerve nuclei ) and spinal grey matter ( anterior horn, lateral horn, posterior horn ).

However, later work did confirm that the olfactory bulb does project into the ventral part of the lateral entorhinal cortex, and field CA1 in the ventral hippocampus sends axons to the main olfactory bulb, the anterior olfactory nucleus, and to the primary olfactory cortex.

Around the circumference of the cylinder are four zones, the dorsal pallium, medial pallium, ventral pallium, and lateral pallium, which are thought respectively to give rise to the neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and olfactory cortex.

The signals are passed on to the lateral geniculate body, in turn giving them to the occipital cortex ( the outer matter of the rear brain ).

In neuroimaging studies of anger, the most consistently activated region of the brain was the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.

For the visual system, for example, inputs from the retina are sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, which in turn projects to the primary visual cortex ( area V1 ) in the occipital lobe.

The most robust and widely-accepted use is in measuring the connection between the primary motor cortex and a muscle to evaluate damage from stroke, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, movement disorders, motor neuron disease and injuries and other disorders affecting the facial and other cranial nerves and the spinal cord.

Most of the axons of the optic nerve terminate in the lateral geniculate nucleus from where information is relayed to the visual cortex, while other axons terminate in the pretectal nucleus and are involved in reflexive eye movements.

From the lateral geniculate body, fibers of the optic radiation pass to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe of the brain.

The evoked potential is generated in the cochlea, goes through the cochlear nerve, through the cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, lateral lemniscus, to the inferior colliculus in the midbrain, on to the medial geniculate body, and finally to the cortex.

In the central nervous system they can detect damage to the spinothalamic tract, lateral brain stem, and fibers carrying pain and temperature signals from the thalamus to the cortex.

This information moves through an area of the brain called the lateral geniculate nucleus, located in the thalamus, and on to be processed in the primary visual cortex, area V1 ( also known as the striate cortex because of its striped appearance ).

Some regions just a few millimeters in size, such as the lateral geniculate nucleus ( LGN ) of the thalamus, which relays what we see from the eye to the visual cortex, have been shown to generate the BOLD signal correctly when presented with visual input.

fMRI studies have shown that the lateral geniculate nucleus and the V1 area of the visual cortex are activated during mental imagery tasks.

The light gets from your clock face to your eyeball almost instantaneously, but the path of the signals from retina through lateral geniculate nucleus to striate cortex takes 5 to 10 milliseconds — a paltry fraction of the 300 milliseconds offset, but how much longer does it take them to get to you.

Related to this it is striking that patients with lateral PFC damage showed reduced ERNs.

The left lateral PFC, Brodmann area 10, may be involved in maintaining attention on the execution of internally generated goals associated with approaching art from an aesthetic orientation.

Tadpoles retain the lateral line system of their ancestral fishes but this is lost in terrestrial adult amphibians.

Eyes and legs grow quickly, a tongue is formed, and all this is accompanied by associated changes in the neural networks ( development of stereoscopic vision, loss of the lateral line system, etc .).

Metamorphosis is gradual but by the age of about ten months they have developed a pointed head with sensory tentacles near the mouth and lost their eyes, lateral line systems and tails.

The three sepals are generally colourful and bright ( which is why they are sometimes called outer tepals ), with one on each side (" lateral sepals ") and one usually at the top of the flower (" dorsal sepal "), sometimes forming a hood.

If the angle u1 is very small, O ' 1 is the Gaussian image ; and O ' 1 O ' 2 is termed the longitudinal aberration, and O ' 1R the lateral aberration of the pencils with aperture u2.

High levels of lateral support are useful for activities where lateral motion is undesirable and unexpected.

Sensation in the breast is provided by the peripheral nervous system innervation, by means of the front ( anterior ) and side ( lateral ) cutaneous branches of the fourth -, the fifth -, and the sixth intercostal nerves, while the T-4 nerve ( Thoracic spinal nerve 4 ), which innervates the dermatomic area, supplies sensation to the nipple-areola complex.

On the other hand, were surface regions with lower energy available, the water occupying surface locations of higher potential energy would move to occupy these positions of lower energy, inasmuch as there is no barrier to lateral movement in an ideal liquid.

This is called a lateral canal.

The fruit is a lateral fusiform or ovoid achene 4 – 5 mm long, containing a single seed.

The straight column under load is in stable equilibrium if a lateral force, applied between the two ends of the column, produces a small lateral deflection which disappears and the column returns to its straight form when the lateral force is removed.

If the column load is gradually increased, a condition is reached in which the straight form of equilibrium becomes so-called neutral equilibrium, and a small lateral force will produce a deflection that does not disappear and the column remains in this slightly bent form when the lateral force is removed.

The strong box structure of the biplane wing provided a rigid wing that allowed the accurate lateral control essential for dogfighting.

Anisotropic etch processes, where vertical etch-rate is high, but lateral etch-rate is very small are essential processes in microfabrication of integrated circuits and MEMS devices.

The intraparietal sulcus and adjacent gyri are essential in guidance of limb and eye movement, and based on cytoarchitectural and functional differences is further divided into medial ( MIP ), lateral ( LIP ), ventral ( VIP ), and anterior ( AIP ) areas.

The essential difference is that scalariform conjugation occurs between two filaments and lateral conjugation occurs between two adjacent cells on the same filament.

It is essential for ballast to be piled as high as the ties, and for a substantial " shoulder " to be placed at their ends ; the latter being especially important, since this ballast shoulder is, for the most part, the only thing restraining lateral movement of the track.

Tadpoles have cartilaginous skeletons, gills for respiration ( external gills at first, internal gills later ), lateral line systems and large tails which they use for swimming.

By opening the stop wider, similar deviations arise for lateral points as have been already discussed for axial points ; but in this case they are much more complicated.

While all prokaryotes reproduce asexually ( without the formation and fusion of gametes ), mechanisms for lateral gene transfer such as conjugation, transformation and transduction are sometimes likened to sexual reproduction.

A highly built-up lateral support will not be able to protect the foot in badminton ; instead, it will encourage catastrophic collapse at the point where the shoe's support fails, and the player's ankles are not ready for the sudden loading, which can cause sprains.

The IPA symbols are used in writing most Khoisan languages, but Bantu languages such as Zulu typically use Latin c, x and q for dental, lateral, and alveolar clicks respectively.

As Hox genes code for transcription factors, this causes different activated combinations of both Hox and other genes in discrete anteroposterior transverse segments of the neural tube ( neuromeres ) and related patterns in surrounding tissues, such as branchial arches, lateral mesoderm, neural crest, skin and endoderm, in the head to tail direction.

The C-isotope chemostratigraphic characteristics obtained for contemporaneous cap carbonates in different parts of the world may be variable in a wide range owing to different degrees of secondary alteration of carbonates, dissimilar criteria used for selection of the least altered samples, and, as far as the C-isotope data are concerned, due to primary lateral variations of δ < sup > l3 </ sup > C < sub > carb </ sub > in the upper layer of the ocean.

In this case the nut is used only for lateral alignment of the strings, the string height and length being dictated by the zero fret.

Their first research target for these marmosets was Parkinson's disease, but they were also considering Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease.

The use of the nonparetic extremities to create the pathological lateral tilt of the body axis is another sign to be noted when diagnosing for pusher behaviour.

Kohlrabi has been created by artificial selection for lateral meristem growth ( a swollen, nearly spherical shape ); its origin in nature is the same as that of cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, collard greens, and Brussels sprouts: they are all bred from, and are the same species as the wild cabbage plant ( Brassica oleracea ).

Plosives are never lateral, and the distinction is meaningless for nasal stops and for consonants articulated in the throat.

Some languages have palatal or velar voiceless lateral fricatives or affricates, such as Dahalo and Zulu but the IPA has no symbols for these sounds.

However, appropriate symbols are easy to make by adding a lateral-fricative belt to the symbol for the corresponding lateral approximant ( see below ).

The symbol for the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative forms the basis for the occasional ad hoc symbols for other voiceless lateral fricatives — retroflex, palatal, and velar ( the latter two only known from affricates ):