In a paper written in 2008, Cass Sunstein, legal scholar, and Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, wrote of appropriate government responses to conspiracy theories.

The 12th century Jewish legal scholar, Maimonides said:

Comparative law in the US was brought by a legal scholar fleeing persecution in Germany, Rudolf Schlesinger.

In 1802 Gian Domenico Romagnosi, an Italian legal scholar, deflected a magnetic needle by electrostatic charges.

During what is often referred to as the Islamic Golden Age, in order for a scholar to be qualified to issue a fatwā, it was required that he obtained an ijazat attadris wa ' l-ifta (" license to teach and issue legal opinions ") from a Madrassah in the medieval Islamic legal education system, which was developed by the 9th century during the formation of the Madh ' hab legal schools.

Sylvia Tamale, a Ugandan legal scholar, writes that there is a large body of research and activism in Africa itself that strongly opposes FGM, but she cautions that some African feminists object to what she calls the imperialist infantilization of African women, and they reject the idea that FGM is nothing but a barbaric rejection of modernity.

Gustav Radbruch ( 21 November 1878 – 23 November 1949 ) was a German legal scholar and politician.

" He mentions Joseph Schacht as one scholar who argues this, claiming that Schacht " found no evidence of legal traditions before 722 ," from which Schacht concluded that " the Sunna of the Prophet is not the words and deeds of the Prophet, but apocryphal material " dating from later.

Although nearing ordination at the Yeshiva University's Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, he transferred to the Jewish Theological Seminary of America ( JTSA ), where he was ordained in 1934 and received the advanced Jewish legal degree of Hattarat Hora ’ ah under the great talmudic scholar Rabbi Professor Louis Ginzberg.

Mohamed El-Moctar El-Shinqiti, a contemporary Mauritanian scholar, has argued that " though homosexuality is a grievous sin ... no legal punishment is stated in the Qur ' an for homosexuality ... it is not reported that Prophet Muhammad has punished somebody for committing homosexuality ... there is no authentic hadith reported from the Prophet prescribing a punishment for the homosexuals ..." Hadith scholars such as Al-Bukhari, Yahya ibn Ma ` in, An-Nasa ' i, Ibn Hazm, Al-Tirmidhi, and others have impugned them.

* Rabbi of a congregation-Jewish scholar who is charged with answering the legal questions of a congregation.

Thomas Aquinas was the most important Western medieval legal scholar

* 1927 – Robert Bork, American legal scholar

New Testament scholar Frank Stagg points out that Mary's role as a witness is unusual because women at that time were not considered credible witnesses in legal proceedings.

" Cicero's description of the immutable, eternal, and universal natural law was quoted by Burlamaqui and later by the American revolutionary legal scholar James Wilson.

A focus on studying political behavior, rather than institutions or interpretation of legal texts, characterized early behavioral political science, including work by Robert Dahl, Philip Converse, and in the collaboration between sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld and public opinion scholar Bernard Berelson.

Paul Johann Anselm Ritter von Feuerbach ( 14 November 1775 – 29 May 1833 ) was a German legal scholar.

The position of premier was then handed over to Lee Moore, who, despite being recognized regionally as a legal scholar, seemed unable to lead ( he once told a PAM heckler, on Church Street in front of Government Headquarters of Parliament that he will " root like a pig in mud " in the House of Parliament ).

A recent critic, who is a legal as well as a literary scholar, argues that Old Mortality not only reflects the evolution of Scottish nationalism but also invokes a foundational moment in British sovereignty, namely, the Act of Habeas corpus ( also known as the Great Writ ), passed by the English Parliament in 1679.

Legal scholar L. Ali Khan claims that " the concept of sharia has been thoroughly confused in legal and common literature.

The late-Victorian scholar Frederic William Maitland also introduced the possibility that Stephen's reign marked a turning point in English legal history — the so-called " tenurial crisis ".

The American legal scholar Steven M. Wise argues that speciesism is a bias as arbitrary as any other, a point conceded even by some critics of animal rights.

In 1853 Ellis had to leave the work to Spedding, with the occasional assistance of Heath, who edited most of the legal writings.

Until he fell ill at the age of 92 in 2006, Dr. Ellis typically worked at least 16 hours a day, writing books in longhand on legal tablets, visiting with clients and teaching.

Ellis was reported to be the first football club director to pay himself a salary ( in 2005 it was £ 290, 000 after a 12 % increase from the previous year ) when it was made legal by The Football Association in the early 1980s.

Ellis stated that he is aware of the similarities, and went on to say that he considered and attempted to take legal action.

Following in the tradition of Michel Foucault, scholars such as Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and David Halperin have argued that various Victorian public discourses, notably the psychiatric and the legal, fostered a designation or invention of the " homosexual " as a distinct category of individuals, a category solidified by the publications of sexologists such as Richard von Krafft-Ebing ( 1840 – 1902 ) and Havelock Ellis ( 1859 – 1939 ), sexologists who provided an almost-pathological interpretation of the phenomenon in rather Essentialist terms, an interpretation that led, before 1910, to hundreds of articles on the subject in The Netherlands, Germany, and elsewhere.

Ellis issued legal rulings that set a high bar for the prosecutors, including a requirement to prove that Rosen and Weissman knowingly meant to harm the United States or aid another country.

In 1965, Sandoz laboratories stopped its still legal shipments of LSD to the United States for research and psychiatric use, after a request from the U. S. government concerned about its use.

On the positive side, recent Federal action has largely undermined the legal sanction so long enjoyed by the segregationist position ; ;

He assures me he has people to handle the money raising, and Ham Richert, my lawyer, says the legal aspects of the wedding of Zenith and Allstates are no problem.

Arguments of the parties to the appeal are presented through their appellate lawyers, if represented, or " pro se " if the party has not engaged legal representation.

Therefore, if a lower court has ruled in an improper manner, or against legal precedent, that judgment will stand if not appealed – even if it might have been overturned on appeal.

At various times in the more than 100 years that have elapsed since the song was written, particularly during the John F. Kennedy administration, there have been efforts to give " America the Beautiful " legal status either as a national hymn, or as a national anthem equal to, or in place of, " The Star-Spangled Banner ", but so far this has not succeeded.

The Anglican Communion has no official legal existence nor any governing structure which might exercise authority over the member churches.

Prior to this, the monastery would be a mere priory, headed by a prior who acts as superior but without the same degree of legal authority that an abbot has.

# No playable tiles-Per 2008 rules, a player that has no legal plays because all 6 tiles in his or her hand are unplayable may reveal his or her hand, set aside his or her unplayable tiles, and draw six new tiles at the beginning of his or her turn.

and has contributed to many scholarly and legal publications in the areas of international commercial law, bankruptcy, and civil rights.

Since the 1980s, the People's Republic of China has constructed a new legal framework for administrative law, establishing control mechanisms for overseeing the bureaucracy and disciplinary committees for the Communist Party of China.

Most legal cases in adversarial systems do not go to trial ; this can lead to great injustice when the defendant has an unskilled or overworked attorney, which is likely to be the case when the defendant is poor.

In the US, the government has initiated legal action against the pharmaceutical company Johnson & Johnson for allegedly paying kickbacks to Omnicare to promote its antipsychotic Risperidone ( Risperdal ) in nursing homes.

A legal, out-of-the-box installer has been created for Microsoft Windows using WinUAE.

* Bar ( law ), in a legal context has three possible meanings: the division of a courtroom between its working and public areas ; the process of qualifying to practice law ; and the legal profession

USAID has programming in the following areas: economic policy reform and restructuring ; private sector development ( the Business Development Program ); infrastructure rebuilding ; democratic reforms in the media, political process and elections, and rule of law / legal code formulation ; and training programs for women and diplomats.

A bishop is the president of the Aaronic priesthood in his ward ( and is thus a form of Mormon Kohen ; in fact, a literal descendant of Aaron has " legal right " to act as a Bishop after being found worthy and ordained by the First Presidency ).

The South African government has stepped up legal protection for the Blue Crane.

This situation can have important corporate, social, economic, and legal consequences, and has been the subject of significant research.

The development of a separate board of directors to manage the company has occurred incrementally and indefinitely over legal history.

In many legal systems, the director has a right to receive special notice of any resolution to remove him or her ; the company must often supply a copy of the proposal to the director, who is usually entitled to be heard by the meeting.

Bacardi has faced criticism and legal problems for supposedly attempting to falsely convince consumers they were purchasing rum made in Cuba rather than just marking its heritage.

If the player to move has no legal moves, the game is over ; it is either a checkmate — if the king is under attack — or a stalemate — if the king is not.

That said, there will still be competitors who " crack " the system when the legal barriers are light, especially where the old guard has become inefficient and is failing to meet the needs of the market.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.