On 12 December 2008 president Correa announced that Ecuador would not pay $ 30. 6m in interest to lenders of a $ 510m loan, claiming that they were monsters.

In late 2005, the World Bank, which had extended Yemen a four-year US $ 2. 3 billion economic support package in October 2002 together with other bilateral and multilateral lenders, announced that as a consequence of Yemen ’ s failure to implement significant reforms it would reduce financial aid by one-third over the period July 2005 through July 2008.

Without financial markets, borrowers would have difficulty finding lenders themselves.

On 5 July 2011, Portugal's rating was decreased to " junk " status by Moody's ( by four notches from Baa1 to Ba2 ) saying there was a growing risk the country would need a second bail-out before it was ready to borrow money from financial markets again, and private lenders might have to contribute.

Experts who favor this approach to solve a national debt crisis typically argue that a delay in organising an orderly default would wind up hurting lenders and neighboring countries even more.

Although Michel Barnier, European Union internal market Commissioner, proposed limits on capital requirements for banks that could have hindered the UK ringfencing proposal and indicated support for the French and German position against breaking up banking groups, in November 2011 he announced an “ expert commission ” would “ study the mandatory separation of risky investment banking activities from traditional retail lenders .”

The large “ global banks ” would fund their lending through the capital markets just like investment banks and other “ shadow banking ” lenders.

They would, however, be subject to Federal Reserve supervision unlike lenders in the unsupervised “ shadow banking ” system.

All “ depositors ” in or “ lenders ” to such companies would become “ investors ” ( as in a mutual fund ) with the right to receive the full return on their investment ( minus fees ) and obligated to bear the full loss on that investment.

That way, if the venture were to fail, the lenders would have recourse to the assets owned by the SPE.

Brownlee was concerned that such guarantees would encourage lenders to make loans at higher interest rates, with the knowledge that the provincial government would pay them if the farmers defaulted.

On August 21, 2009, Six Flags ' Chapter 11 restructuring plan was announced in which lenders would control 92 % of the company in exchange for cancelling $ 1. 13 billion in debt.

Why this would happen is that when lenders are seeking long-term debt contracts more aggressively than short-term debt contracts, lenders decrease the rate ( the " cost of borrowing ") in order to attract longer-term borrowing.

" Nevertheless, some analysts expected that the conglomerate would sell assets or be broken up entirely as the restructuring process continues, noting that the publishing division has a separate set of lenders.

A dual-tracking process appeared to be in use by many lenders, however, where the lender would simultaneously talk to the borrower about a " loan modification ", but also move ahead with a foreclosure sale of the borrower's property.

When it came to justice in home loans, Cisneros, through his agency, stood firm to lenders by letting them know that HUD would no longer tolerate unfairly denying minorities access to home loans, and aggressively penalized lenders who broke fair lending laws.

Also, many lenders knew that a great proportion of the money would sometime be stolen through corruption.

Among them is the principle that Ex-Im Bank does not compete with private sector lenders, but rather provides financing for transactions that would otherwise not take place because commercial lenders are either unable or unwilling to accept the political or commercial risks inherent in the deal.

That number, Pyramid executives say, would persuade lenders to buy into the start of an expansion that could eventually become one of the largest malls in North America ..."</ ref > Despite this, Pyramid continued to unveil further plans for Destiny USA including a year-round glass enclosed park and amphitheaters.

Those who would attempt to leave the Mint on Sunday to gather money from friends or lenders were often called " Sunday gentlemen ", as they would attempt to appear prosperous to hoodwink lenders.

That is, savers ( lenders ) give funds to an intermediary institution ( such as a bank ), and that institution gives those funds to spenders ( borrowers ).

Normally hard money lenders will not give you much time on the property without paying the mortgage.

Another problem in the early years was that some lenders were sceptical about the unconventional design of the properties and would not give mortgages.

Practice became such that companies were asked to give " lightweight " floating charges to secured lenders which had no collateral value purely to allow the holders to block administration orders, an approach that was approved by the courts in Re Croftbell Ltd BCC 781.

As lenders became increasingly certain that the government could not make good on its obligations, they demanded ever-higher interest rates, deepening the trap.

However, if bonds are repaid by other borrowing, then the fund could be viewed as just one of many potential lenders to the federal government.

Prior to 2010, federal loans were also divided between direct loans -- originated and funded by the federal government -- and guaranteed loans, originated and held by private lenders but guaranteed by the government.

The false claims suit was filed on behalf of the federal government by former Department of Education researcher Jon Oberg against Sallie Mae, Nelnet, and other lenders.

Oberg argued that the lenders overcharged the U. S. government and defrauded taxpayers of millions and millions of dollars.

In July 2009, a U. S. government report revealed that several lenders were judging their customers ' financial status based on where they shopped, and were assuming that those who shopped at thrift stores and other low-cost retailers were struggling financially.

New laws have been implemented by the federal government mandating that all brokers have set pricing with the lenders they do business with.

Kovacevich believes that Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance should be privatized, and that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac should have no government backing in the event of a failure ( quite the opposite of the course actually pursued by the United States Congress and the White House when the two lenders became insolvent in September 2008 ).

He was forced to meet to lenders terms, selling government bonds at exorbitant interest rates.

Some commentators believe that a taxpayer-funded government bailout related to mortgages during the savings and loan crisis may have created a moral hazard and acted as encouragement to lenders to make similar higher risk loans during the 2007 subprime mortgage financial crisis.

Rising bond yields left Argentina with no choice but to borrow from major international lenders, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the U. S. Treasury, which would lend to the government at below-market rates, and to comply with their conditions.

As of April 2010, Congress voted to eliminate the Federal Family Education Loan Program ( FFELP ) which had allowed private lenders to make student loans guaranteed by the federal government.

In recent years, government has responded to the financial crisis students are facing and therefore passed legislation that boosted the value of grants for low-income students and trimmed subsidies for private education lenders.

The government borrowed heavily without adhering to the conditions of economic reforms required by the World Bank, the IMF and other international lenders.

The government ’ s actions, while winning concessions with the international lenders, led to growing antagonism with labor.

Odious debts, contracted and utilised for purposes which, to the lenders ' knowledge, are contrary to the needs and the interests of the nation, are not binding on the nation – when it succeeds in overthrowing the government that contracted them – unless the debt is within the limits of real advantages that these debts might have afforded.

GSE securities carry no explicit government guarantee of creditworthiness, but lenders grant them favorable interest rates, and the buyers of their securities offer them high prices.

* Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, a Canadian government agency providing homebuyer assistance and insurance to lenders in case of defaults.

The government simply guarantees loans made by ordinary mortgage lenders ( descriptions of which appear in subsequent sections ) after veterans make their own arrangements for the loans through normal financial circles.

With rising home prices in the years from 2000 to 2007, lenders were willing to accept smaller or no down payment, ( either through 100 % Financing, seller-assisted down payment assistance, government down payment providers, or by providing a combination of an 80 % 1st and 20 % second mortgages ), so that more individuals could purchase homes as their primary residences.