The renowned Andalusian ophthalmologic surgeon Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (" Abulcasis ", 936 – 1013 CE ) relied on opium and mandrake as surgical anaesthetics and wrote a treatise, al-Tasrif, that influenced medical thought well into the sixteenth century.

But, by force of imagination, compel the reader to believe that there is a mandrake in a garden in Mayfield Road, Ulverston, Lancs, then when you pull up that mandrake it is really going to scream ; and possible the reader will too.

Because mandrake contains deliriant hallucinogenic tropane alkaloids such as atropine, scopolamine, apoatropine, hyoscyamine and the roots sometimes contain bifurcations causing them to resemble human figures, their roots have long been used in magic rituals, today also in neopagan religions such as Wicca and Germanic revivalism religions such as Odinism.

It has been suggested that the use of dogs for digging up mandrake is further corroboration of the association of this plant with Hecate ; indeed, since at least as early as the 1st century CE, there are a number of attestations to the apparently widespread practice of using dogs to dig up plants associated with magic.

The mandrake give forth fragrance, and at our doors are all manner of precious fruits, new and old, which I have laid up for thee, O my beloved.

She digs up a mandrake that she finds beneath one of the hanged men, and says that if they each eat part of the root, they will love each other forever.

A number of translations into different languages follow the example of the Latin Vulgate and use mandrake as the plant as the proper meaning in both Genesis 30: 14-16 and Song of Solomon 7: 13.

It was a common folklore in some countries that mandrake would only grow where the semen of a hanged man had dripped on to the ground ; this would appear to be the reason for the methods employed by the alchemists who " projected human seed into animal earth ".

* In J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, the mandrake root is cultivated by Professor Sprout to cure the petrification of several characters who had looked indirectly into the eyes of the Basilisk ; the author makes use of the legend of the mandrake's scream ( see above ), and anyone tending mandrakes wears earmuffs to dull the sound of the scream, if the plant must be transplanted.

The 16th century Hispanic writer Martin Delrio states that one day a mandragora ( mandrake ), entering at the request of a sorcerer, who was being tried before a court for wizardry, was caught by the arms by the judge, who did not believe in the existence of the spirit, to convince himself of its existence, and thrown into the fire, where of course it would escape unharmed.

The occasional resemblance of mandrake root to a human body has led to its being ascribed great significance ( and supernatural powers ) since ancient times and in many places.

Datura belongs to the classic " witches ' weeds ," along with deadly nightshade, henbane, and mandrake.

These include aconite ( also called hecateis ), belladonna, dittany, and mandrake.

All parts of the mandrake plant are poisonous.

Note: A number of other plants have been suggested by biblical scholars, e. g., Most notably Ginseng which looks similar to the mandrake root and has fertility enhancing properties, for which it was picked by Reuben in the Bible.

In Genesis 30: 14, Reuben, the eldest son of Jacob and Leah finds mandrake in a field.

Literature includes complex directions for harvesting a mandrake root in relative safety.

* Machiavelli wrote in 1518 a play Mandragola ( The Mandrake ) in which the plot revolves around the use of a mandrake potion as a ploy to bed a woman.

* Shakespeare refers four times to mandrake and twice under the name of mandragora.

* In Guillermo del Toro's 2006 film Pan's Labyrinth, the faun gives the protagonist, Ofelia, a mandrake root to hide under her pregnant mother's bed to cure her illness.

* In Yasuhiro Kanō's manga Mx0, Lucy is a magical mandrake that covertly aids the main character.

* Salman Rushdie's novel The Enchantress of Florence reads "[...] mythical plant the locals called ayïq otï, otherwise known as the mandrake root.

" Then the novel tells a story of boys trying to grow mandrake using hanged archbishop's semen.

The mandrake has very powerful healing powers and is exclusively used to help cure illnesses.

* The German dark ambient project Atzmann Zoubar released a concept album entitled " Aut Sperma In Terram Effundit " exclusively focusing on the mandrake in 2011.

* Ingesting mandrake root can have some adverse effects on the user.

Today, it is estimated that fewer than 100 speakers of the language remain, while other research places the number at fewer than 15 speakers – the language has been regarded as “ endangered ”.

“ The new logo depicts a more powerful, aggressive Falcon – one of fast movement.

* 1999: “ An Evening with the Arts ” Honor – The Nashville Chamber of Commerce, Nashville Symphony and Tennessee Performing Arts Center

Gale Owen-Crocker ( Professor of Anglo-Saxon, University of Manchester ) in The Four Funerals in Beowulf ( 2000 ) argues that a passage in the poem, commonly known as “ The Lay of the Last Survivor ” ( lines 2247 – 66 ), is an additional funeral.

* Mathews, L. K. “ Benjamin Franklin ’ s Plans for a Colonial Union, 1750 – 1775 .” American Political Science Review 8 ( August 1914 ): 393 – 412.

“ A visit to the ground has only confirmed me ,” Lucas wrote in 1921 ; “ and it was interesting to find that Mr. Apostolides, son of the large local landowner, the hospitality of whose farm at Tekés I enjoyed, was convinced too that the site was by Driskole Krini, for the very sound reason that neither the hills nor the river further east suit Caesar ’ s description .” John D. Morgan in his definitive “ Palae-pharsalus – the Battle and the Town ”, arguing for a site closer still to Krini, where he places Palaepharsalos, writes: “ My reconstruction is similar to Lucas ’ s, and in fact I borrow one of his alternatives for the line of the Pompeian retreat.

You take an absurd premise – “ Be Black, Baby ” – and totally involve them and really frighten them at the same time.

4 ) 4th / Isa 52: 13 – 53: 12 The suffering of the servant ; how despite his innocence the servant was oppressed “ like a lamb that is led to the slaughter ,” but his suffering is surrogate like a scapegoat.

* Sasson, Jack M. “ Esther ” in Alter and Kermode, pp. 335 – 341, literary view

Deane and J. R. Thomson write this valid conclusion, “ The Book of Obadiah is occupied with one subject – the punishment of Edom for its cruel and unbrotherly love conduct towards Judah ...” One can link this idea of punishment to one of the major prophets “ Ezekiel ” who “... interprets the exile to Babylon and the destruction of Jerusalem as deserved punishments for the sins of those who themselves committed them .” Verses 3-7 in Obadiah explain to the reader the reason for the punishment theme, “ Confidence in one ’ s power, intelligence, allies, or the topographical features of one ’ s territory is often mentioned as an attribute of those who foolishly confront the Lord and are consequently punished .” Although destruction is vital to understanding Obadiah, it is of note to understand the destruction being a consequence of action.

Blissymbols were invented by Charles K. Bliss ( 1897 – 1985 ), born Karl Kasiel Blitz in the Austro-Hungarian city of Czernowitz ( at present the Ukrainian city of Chernivtsi ), which had a mixture of different nationalities that “ hated each other, mainly because they spoke and thought in different languages .”

In his work Semantography Bliss had not provided a systematic set of definitions for his symbols ( there was a provisional vocabulary index instead ( 1965, pp. 827 – 67 )), so McNaughton ’ s team might often interpret a certain symbol in a way that Bliss would later criticize as a “ misinterpretation ”.

Nevertheless, Bliss suggested that a set of international words could be adopted, so that “ a kind of spoken language could be established – as a travelling aid only ”.

In his account he described how “ on one side there was a wooden stage with two streamers – Hatuey beer and Bacardí rum – on each end and a Cuban flag in the middle.

* David Lempert, “ Foreign Aid: Creating Conditions for the Next Civil War ,” Phnom Penh Post, 16 / 01, January 12 – 25, 2007, available on the internet.

During the Anglo-French War ( 1627 – 1629 ), under Charles I, by 1629 the Kirkes took Quebec City, Sir James Stewart of Killeith, Lord Ochiltree planted a colony on Cape Breton Island at Baleine, Nova Scotia and Alexander ’ s son, William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling established the first incarnation of “ New Scotland ” at Port Royal.

It coincides with the “ abomination of desolation ” – a desecration of the temple where the Antichrist puts an end to the Jewish sacrifices, sets up his own image in the temple, and demands that he be worshiped as God.