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The mathematician Claudius Ptolemy ' the Alexandrian ' as imagined by a 16th century artist
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mathematician and Claudius
Archimedes, the renowned mathematician, was said to have used a burning glass ( or more likely a large number of angled hexagonal mirrors ) as a weapon in 212 BC, when Syracuse was besieged by Marcus Claudius Marcellus.
* After a two years ' siege, Roman general, Marcus Claudius Marcellus, gradually forces his way into Syracuse and takes it in the face of strong Carthaginian reinforcements and despite the use of engines of war designed by the Greek mathematician and scientist Archimedes ( such as the Claw of Archimedes ).
* Claudius Ptolemaeus, a Greek mathematician and astronomer of the 2nd century
Thomas Jefferson referred to Claudius Crozet as " by far the best mathematician in the United States.
The theorem is named after the Greek astronomer and mathematician Ptolemy ( Claudius Ptolemaeus ).
mathematician and Ptolemy
Furthermore, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi ( 1201 – 1274 ), an astronomer and mathematician from Baghdad, authored the Treasury of Astronomy, a remarkably accurate table of planetary movements that reformed the existing planetary model of Roman astronomer Ptolemy by describing a uniform circular motion of all planets in their orbits.
* Ptolemy, Greek mathematician, geographer, astronomer, and astrologer
Along with the surviving table of Ptolemy ( c. AD 90 – c. 168 ), they were all tables of chords and not of half-chords, i. e. the sine function. The table produced by the Indian mathematician Āryabhaṭa is considered the first sine table ever constructed.
The earlier estimates rely on the fact that Cleomedes refers extensively in his writing to the work of mathematician and astronomer Posidonius of Rhodes ( 135 BC-51 BC ), and yet seemingly not at all to the work of Ptolemy ( 85-165 AD ).
mathematician and Alexandrian
b. between A. D. 200 and 214, d. between 284 and 298 at age 84 ), sometimes called " the father of algebra ", was an Alexandrian Greek mathematician and the author of a series of books called Arithmetica.
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to the Alexandrian Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry: the Elements.
* 190 BC – Apollonius of Perga, Greek mathematician, geometer and astronomer of the Alexandrian school, known by his contemporaries as " The Great Geometer ," whose treatise " Conics " is one of the greatest scientific works from the ancient world ( b. c. 262 BC )
* Apollonius of Perga, Greek mathematician, geometer and astronomer of the Alexandrian school, known by his contemporaries as " The Great Geometer ," whose treatise " Conics " is one of the greatest scientific works from the ancient world ( b. c. 262 BC )
mathematician and imagined
Euclid, Greek mathematician, 3rd century BC, as imagined by Raphael in this detail from The School of Athens.
mathematician and by
The working principle of a yupana is unknown, but in 2001 an explanation of the mathematical basis of these instruments was proposed by Italian mathematician Nicolino De Pasquale.
The Russian abacus was brought to France around 1820 by the mathematician Jean-Victor Poncelet, who served in Napoleon's army and had been a prisoner of war in Russia.
One of the earliest group automorphisms ( automorphism of a group, not simply a group of automorphisms of points ) was given by the Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton in 1856, in his Icosian Calculus, where he discovered an order two automorphism, writing:
The Analytical Engine was a proposed mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician Charles Babbage.
So named due to its resemblance to a traditional agricultural plough ( or more specifically two ploughshares ), many manufacturers produce a plough-style design, all based on or direct copies of the original CQR ( Secure ), a 1933 design patented in the UK ( US patent in 1934 ) by mathematician Geoffrey Ingram Taylor.
In the 10th century, Middle-Eastern mathematicians extended the decimal numeral system to include fractions, as recorded in a treatise by Syrian mathematician Abu ' l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi in 952 – 953.
" It was more fully published in 1978 by political scientist Steven Brams and mathematician Peter Fishburn.
The Greek mathematician Menaechmus solved problems and proved theorems by using a method that had a strong resemblance to the use of coordinates and it has sometimes been maintained that he had introduced analytic geometry.
The complexity of this law served as an impetus behind the development of algebra ( Arabic: al-jabr ) by the Persian mathematician Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī and other medieval Islamic mathematicians.
In 1736, he participated in the expedition organized for that purpose by the French Academy of Sciences, led by the French mathematician Pierre Louis Maupertuis ( 1698 – 1759 ) to measure a degree of latitude.
The Thâbit ibn Kurrah rule is a method for discovering amicable numbers invented in the tenth century by the Arab mathematician Thâbit ibn Kurrah.
Ten years later, Alexander Friedmann, a Russian cosmologist and mathematician, derived the Friedmann equations from Albert Einstein's equations of general relativity, showing that the Universe might be expanding in contrast to the static Universe model advocated by Einstein at that time.
But the study of these curves was first developed in 1959 by mathematician Paul de Casteljau using de Casteljau's algorithm, a numerically stable method to evaluate Bézier curves.
In mathematics, Bessel functions, first defined by the mathematician Daniel Bernoulli and generalized by Friedrich Bessel, are canonical solutions y ( x ) of Bessel's differential equation:
The Bernoulli numbers were discovered around the same time by the Swiss mathematician Jakob Bernoulli, after whom they are named, and independently by Japanese mathematician Seki Kōwa.
The philosopher and astronomer Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra ( c. 1140 ) established the symmetry of binomial coefficients, while a closed formula was obtained later by the talmudist and mathematician Levi ben Gerson ( better known as Gersonides ), in 1321.
It was discovered in 1874 by Henry John Stephen Smith and introduced by German mathematician Georg Cantor in 1883.
As a serious proposal, it was first suggested by mathematician John Von Neumann in the late 1940s when he proposed a kinematic self-reproducing automaton model as a thought experiment.
mathematician and 16th
The Iranian mathematician Muhammad Baqir Yazdi ( 16th century ) discovered the pair ( 9363584, 9437056 ), though this has often been attributed to Descartes.
Around the transition from the 15th to the 16th century, Albrecht Dürer from Nuremberg established his reputation across Europe as painter, printmaker, mathematician, engraver, and theorist when he was still in his twenties and secured his reputation as one of the most important figures of the Northern Renaissance.
Negative numbers were also used by the Greek mathematician Diophantus in about 275 CE, but were not widely accepted in Europe until the 16th century CE.
This formula was given by 16th century French mathematician Franciscus Vieta:
The name used for the region during the middle ages and up until the 20th century was Afghanistan, which has been mentioned by the 6th century Indian astronomer & mathematician Varahamihira, 7th century Chinese pilgrim Hiven Tsiang, 14th century Moroccan scholar Ibn Batutta, Mughal Emperor Babur, 16th century historian Firishta and many others.
This was first formalized by the 16th century French mathematician François Viète, in Viète's formulas, for the case of positive real roots.
The cubic was first partly solved by the 15th / 16th century Italian mathematician Scipione del Ferro, who did not however publish his results ; this method only solved one of three classes, as the others involved taking square roots of negative numbers, and complex numbers were not known at the time.
In the early 16th century it was the residence of the astronomer and mathematician Nicolaus Copernicus, who lived and worked here as a canon ( 1512 – 16 and 1522 – 43 ).
* Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician during the early 16th century
Girard's theorem, named after the 16th century French mathematician Albert Girard ( earlier discovered but not published by the English mathematician Thomas Harriot ), states that this surplus determines the surface area of any spherical triangle:
* Erasmus Reinhold, mathematician and the most influential astronomer in 16th century Germany
Johannes Acronius ( or Atrocianus ) Frisius ( 1520, Akkrum, Frisia-18 October 1564 ) was a Dutch doctor and mathematician of the 16th century.
The crater is named for 16th century German mathematician and astronomer Johann Hommel.
Apianus is named after 16th century German mathematician and astronomer Petrus Apianus.
The Abelian Integral was later connected to the prominent mathematician David Hilbert's 16th Problem and continues to be considered one of the foremost challenges to contemporary mathematical analysis.
Guidobaldi or Guido Baldi ), Marquis del Monte, was an Italian mathematician, philosopher and astronomer of the 16th century.
It is best to refer to him using the usual 16th century Latin term " mathematicus ", as the areas of study to which he devoted his life were very different from those now considered to be the domain of the mathematician.
Sir Henry Peter Francis Swinnerton-Dyer, 16th Baronet KBE FRS ( b. 2 August 1927 ), commonly known as Peter Swinnerton-Dyer, is an English mathematician specialising in number theory at University of Cambridge.
In the late 16th century, the Elizabethan mathematician and scholar John Dee and the medium and alchemist Edward Kelley ( both of whom were familiar with Agrippa's writings ) claimed that during skrying sessions, a " Celestial Speech " was received directly from Angels.
3.806 seconds.