YPLL measurements do not account for how disabled a person is before dying, so the measurement treats a person who dies suddenly and a person who died at the same age after decades of illness as equivalent.

The density of granular material can be ambiguous, depending on exactly how its volume is defined, and this may cause confusion in measurement.

To illustrate how this leads to the violation of local realism, we need to show that after Alice's measurement of S < sub > z </ sub > ( or S < sub > x </ sub >), Bob's value of S < sub > z </ sub > ( or S < sub > x </ sub >) is uniquely determined, and therefore corresponds to an " element of physical reality ".

A sequence is an absolute measure of base composition of an individual, or a representative of a species or group ; a genotype typically implies a measurement of how an individual differs or is specialized within a group of individuals or a species.

Isotropic radiation has the same intensity regardless of the direction of measurement, and an isotropic field exerts the same action regardless of how the test particle is oriented.

The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging ( e. g., fMRI, PET, SPECT ), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.

While most other necklaces are simply referred to by their physical measurement, pearl necklaces are named by how low they hang when worn around the neck.

For example, when one observes a measured increase in temperature with a thermometer, that observation is based on assumptions about the nature of temperature and its measurement, as well as assumptions about how the thermometer functions.

The features in the CAD system can be used for the variety of tools for measurement such as tensile strength, yield strength, also its stress and strain and how the element gets affected in certain temperatures.

Another early aspect of concern was related to how the bandwidth of the measurement instrument would influence the measurement, such that it needed to be noted.

The impulse response, often denoted or, is a measurement of how a filter will respond to the Kronecker delta function.

The official river border measurement ranges from to, depending on how the river is measured.

The measurement of pressure was an early example of how indirect measurement was added to the existing direct measurement of the same phenomena.

The incongruence length difference test ( ILD ) is a measurement of how the combination of different datasets ( e. g. morphological and molecular, plastid and nuclear genes ) contributes to a longer tree.

This is usually a critical adjustment, and the proper adjustment is indicated by lines inscribed into a window on the float bowl, or a measurement of how far the float hangs below the top of the carburetor when disassembled, or similar.

In Bohm's original papers 1952, he discusses how de Broglie – Bohm theory results in the usual measurement results of quantum mechanics.

In order to describe how specific outcomes arise from the probabilities, the direct interpretation introduced the concept of measurement.

Beta: The measurement of how a company ’ s stock price reacts to a change in the market.

The normal, nondiabetic range for fasting blood glucose is between 70 to 110 mg / dl ( 5 – 7 mmol / l ), depending on the person ( there is some variations between individuals ), whether the blood is from a vein or a capillary, and depending on how the measurement is made ( e. g., on whole blood or just the plasma ).

He made one of the first attempts to measure the surface temperature of the Moon, and his measurement of interference of the infrared radiation by carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere was used by Svante Arrhenius in 1896 to make the first calculation of how climate would change from a future doubling of carbon dioxide levels.

As stated by Malcolm Kemp in Chapter Five of his book ' Market Consistency: Model Calibration in Imperfect Markets ,' the risk free rate means different things to different people and there is no consensus on how to go about a direct measurement of it.

The idea of the Erdős number was created by friends as a humorous tribute to the enormous output of Erdős, one of the most prolific modern writers of mathematical papers, and has become well known in scientific circles as a tongue-in-cheek measurement of mathematical prominence.

As well a hogshead is used for the measurement of herring fished for sardines in Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick.

The principle of increasing the number of windings a conductor takes around the ferrite core is well understood, each turn having the effect of multiplying the current under measurement.

The IEC charter embraces all electrotechnologies including energy production and distribution, electronics, magnetics and electromagnetics, electroacoustics, multimedia and telecommunication, as well as associated general disciplines such as terminology and symbols, electromagnetic compatibility ( by its Advisory Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, ACEC ), measurement and performance, dependability, design and development, safety and the environment.

Among other advantages, IRT provides a basis for obtaining an estimate of the location of a test-taker on a given latent trait as well as the standard error of measurement of that location.

It is well known that observations of the Sun pose substantial obstacles to the achievement of accuracy in measurement.

A micrometer ( ), sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device incorporating a calibrated screw used widely for precise measurement of small distances in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, along with other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.

Therefore, continuous observation of the heart rate is recommended, as well as repeated measurement of the potassium levels and addition of potassium to the intravenous fluids once levels fall below 5. 3 mmol / l.

The apostrophe also looks similar to the prime symbol ( ′ ), which is used to indicate measurement in feet or arcminutes, as well as for various mathematical purposes, and the ʻokina ( ), which represents a glottal stop in Polynesian languages.

However, the travel time measurement may be always biased by multi-path propagation including line of sight propagation as well as non line of sight propagation in any random share.

The steps are often thought of as moments in time, but they can equally well refer to physical distance or any other discrete measurement ; formally, the steps are the integers or natural numbers, and the random process is a mapping of these to states.

Furthermore, experimental results obtained using these measurement methods has shown that the hardness number can be used to predict the stress required to permanently deform steel, a characteristic that fits in well with our idea of resistance to permanent deformation.

These Chinese units of measurement are usually used in the Chinese herbal medicine stores as well as gold and silver exchange.

Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement, such as the Omer, used primarily by ancient Israelites, appear frequently within the Hebrew Bible as well as in later Judaic scripture, such as the Mishnah and Talmud.

There is much debate within Judaism, as well as by outside scholars, about the exact relationship between measurements in the system and those in other measurement systems, such as the International Standard Units system used in almost all parts of world except the USA, and in modern scientific writing.

The two main sources of measurement errors are magnetic impurities in the sensor, errors in the measurement of the frequency and ferrous material on the operator and the instruments, as well as rotation of the sensor as a measurement is taken.

This size measurement corresponded well with indirect estimates using infrared emission and radio observations.

She also housed VS-32 aircraft for search and security operations as well as scientific measurement, photographic, and observer missions for each shot.

Coordinated measurement programs involving satellite, rocket, aircraft, and surface stations were employed by the services as well as other government agencies and various contractors worldwide.

VaR utilized in this manner adds relevance as well as an easy way to monitor risk measurement control far more intuitive than Standard Deviation of Return.

* RNA-Seq: applies next-generation sequencing techniques to sequence whole transcriptomes, which allows the measurement of relative abundance of RNA, as well as the detection of additional variations such as fusion genes, post-translational edits and novel splice sites