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The memex ( a portmanteau of " memory " and " index ") is the name of the hypothetical proto-hypertext system that Vannevar Bush described in his 1945 The Atlantic Monthly article " As We May Think " ( AWMT ).
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memex and memory
" The memex would provide an " enlarged intimate supplement to one's memory ".
Michael Buckland, in an article published in 1992, suggested that the memex was severely flawed because Bush did not thoroughly understand information science and had a bad opinion of indices and classification schemes: " Bush thought that the creation of arbitrary associations between individual records was the basis of memory, so he wanted ' mem ( ory -) ex ', or ' Memex instead of index '.
memex and is
The vision of the memex predates, and is credited as the inspiration for, the first practical hypertext systems of the 1960s.
memex and Vannevar
In offline version, machine improvisation can be used to achieve style mixing, an approach inspired by Vannevar Bush's memex imaginary machine.
The term HyperText was coined by Ted Nelson who in turn was inspired by Vannevar Bush's microfilm-based " memex ".
The supervisor had just seen a demonstration of the World Wide Web and suggested it could be improved and better conformed to the memex described by Vannevar Bush if links did not have to be manually inserted and instead one could follow a link simply by using the words themselves.
Vannevar Bush ( ; March 11, 1890 – June 28, 1974 ) was an American engineer, inventor and science administrator known for his work on analog computers, for his role as an initiator and administrator of the Manhattan Project, for founding Raytheon, and for the memex, an adjustable microfilm viewer with a structure analogous to that of the World Wide Web.
In 1945, Vannevar Bush described a hypertext-like device called the " memex " in his The Atlantic Monthly article As We May Think.
memex and Bush
Bush envisioned the memex as a device in which individuals would compress and store all of their books, records, and communications, " mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility.
In " As We May Think ," Bush describes a memex as an electromechanical device enabling individuals to develop and read a large self-contained research library, create and follow associative trails of links and personal annotations, and recall these trails at any time to share them with other researchers.
The memex would become "' a sort of mechanized private file and library ' Bush.
Bush describes the memex and other visions of " As We May Think " as projections of technology known in the 1930s and 1940s in the spirit of Jules Verne or Arthur C. Clarke's 1945 proposal to orbit geosynchronous satellites for global telecommunication.
The memex proposed by Bush would create trails of links connecting sequences of microfilm frames, rather than links in the modern sense where a hyperlink connects a single word, phrase or picture within a document and a local or remote destination.
In 1945, Bush published As We May Think in which he predicted that " wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready made with a mesh of associative trails running through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and there amplified ".
memex and 1945
The September 10, 1945, Life magazine article showed the first illustrations of what the memex desk
memex and We
As We May Think also predicted many kinds of technology invented after its publication in addition to hypertext such as personal computers, the Internet, the World Wide Web, speech recognition, and online encyclopedias such as Wikipedia: " Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready-made with a mesh of associative trails running through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and there amplified.
portmanteau and index
A Rolodex is a rotating file device used to store business contact information ( the name is a portmanteau word of rolling and index ) currently manufactured by Newell Rubbermaid.
portmanteau and ")
Freeware ( portmanteau of " free " and " software ") is software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee, but usually with one or more restricted usage rights.
Notable exceptions to this pattern are a fictional scotch brand called " Hennigan's " ( a portmanteau of " Hennessy " and " Brannigans ") and a canned meat product called " Beef-a-reeno " ( a parody of " Beef-a-roni ").
A blog ( a portmanteau of the term web log ) is a discussion or informational site published on the World Wide Web and consisting of discrete entries (" posts ") typically displayed in reverse chronological order ( the most recent post appears first ).
Epigenetics ( as in " epigenetic landscape ") was coined by C. H. Waddington in 1942 as a portmanteau of the words genetics and epigenesis.
Testilying ( a portmanteau of " testify " and " lying ") is a United States police slang term for the practice of giving false testimony against a defendant in a criminal trial.
Kopassus ( a portmanteau of " Komando Pasukan Khusus " or " Special Force Command ") is an Indonesian Army special forces group that conducts special operations missions for the Indonesian government, such as direct action, unconventional warfare, sabotage, counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism, and intelligence gathering.
Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols ( that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl group of an alcohol ), and the word is a portmanteau of " thio " + " alcohol ," with the first word deriving from Greek θεῖον (" thion ") = " sulfur ".
Recently he has helped introduce a new program called Vélib ' ( a portmanteau of “ vélo " and " libre ” meaning " free bicycles ") which gives Parisians access to inexpensive rental bicycles which are available in stations all around Paris.
Supermarionation ( a portmanteau of " super ", " marionette " and " animation ") is a puppetry technique devised in the 1960s by British production company AP Films.
The term is a 20th-century neologism, and a portmanteau from pre-( from Latin prae, " before ") and-quel as in sequel ( a supplementing work, especially one with a setting later than its predecessor's, from the Latin sequela, that which follows ).
The term artistamp ( a portmanteau of the words " artist " and " stamp ") or artist's stamp refers to a postage stamp-like art form used to depict or commemorate any subject its creator chooses.
The term " rockabilly " is a portmanteau of " rock " ( from " rock ' n ' roll ") and " hillbilly ", the latter a reference to the country music ( often called " hillbilly music " in the 1940s and 1950s ) that contributed strongly to the style's development.
French panel games include L ' Académie des neuf (" The Academy of Nine ", based on Hollywood Squares ), Burger Quiz, Cluedo ( based on Cluedo / Clue ), Le Francophonissime, Incroyables Expériences (" Incredible Experiences ") and Kamoulox ( a portmanteau of the creators ' names ).
The name Mitsubishi is a portmanteau of mitsu (" three ") and hishi ( literally, " water chestnut ", often used in Japanese to denote a diamond or rhombus ).
Franglais ( or Frenglish, françaianglai ), a portmanteau combining the French words " français " (" French ") and " anglais " (" English "), is a slang term for an interlanguage, although the word has different overtones in French and English.
The Mexican side was named Mexicali ( a portmanteau composed of " Mexico " and " California ") by Coronel Agustín Sanginéz.
" Avella " was a made up portmanteau word, combining aveo ( Latin for " desire ") and ella ( Spanish for " she ").
The language's name " europanto " is a portmanteau of Europa ( the word for Europe in some European languages ) and the Greek root πάντ-(" pant -"; in English " all ", " whole ") and bears an intentional similarity with the name of the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language Esperanto.
Advergaming ( a portmanteau of " advertising " and " gaming ") is the practice of using video games to advertise a product, organization or viewpoint.
This neologism is a portmanteau word coined from the words clavier (" keyboard ") and bavardage (" chat "); an English equivalent portmanteau might be " keyversation.
Sitiawan, Malaysia ( alternate spelling: Setiawan ; origin: from Malay, a portmanteau of Setia Kawan, meaning " Loyal Friend ") is a region in the Manjung district of Perak, Malaysia.
Patlabor ( a portmanteau of " patrol " and " labor ") also known as, is an anime and manga franchise created by Headgear, a group consisting of director Mamoru Oshii, writer Kazunori Itō, mecha designer Yutaka Izubuchi, character designer Akemi Takada, and manga artist Masami Yūki.
The project's title is a portmanteau of the words " avalon " and " fantasia " (" fantasy ") and describes " a world beyond human imagination " ( a quotation from the booklet ).
portmanteau and is
The term ' alcopop ' ( a portmanteau of the words alcohol and pop ) is used by advocates of tighter restrictions on alcoholic beverage sales, who argue that the beverages are especially appealing to underage drinkers.
Biostatistics ( a portmanteau of biology and statistics ; sometimes referred to as biometry or biometrics ) is the application of statistics to a wide range of topics in biology.
The name " Bollywood " is a portmanteau derived from Bombay ( the former name for Mumbai ) and Hollywood, the center of the American film industry.
It is a portmanteau derived from the words " pharmacology " and " genomics ".
The pen was sold in Argentina under the Birome brand ( portmanteau of Bíró and Meyne ), which is how ballpoint pens are still known in that country.
" Humanure " is a portmanteau neologism designating human excrement ( feces and urine ) that is recycled via composting for agricultural or other purposes.
The word codec is a portmanteau of " coder-decoder " or, less commonly, " compressor-decompressor ".
The word is a portmanteau word of the English words emotion and icon.
A fanzine ( portmanteau of fan and magazine or-zine ) is a nonprofessional and nonofficial publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon ( such as a literary or musical genre ) for the pleasure of others who share their interest.
The name is a portmanteau of GNU and Nutella, the brand name of an Italian hazelnut flavored spread: supposedly, Frankel and Pepper ate a lot of Nutella working on the original project, and intended to license their finished program under the GNU General Public License.
The term tense is therefore at times used in language descriptions to represent any combination of tense proper, aspect, and mood, as many languages include more than one such reference in portmanteau TAM ( tense – aspect – mood ) affixes or verb forms.
The word intellivision is a portmanteau of " intelligent television ".
The band name is a portmanteau of " jam session " and " iroquai ", based on the Iroquois, a Native American tribe.
Mafic is an adjective describing a silicate mineral or rock that is rich in magnesium and iron ; the term is a portmanteau of the words " magnesium " and " ferric ".
Oxbridge is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, and the term is used to refer to them collectively, often with implications of perceived superior social status.
The name " okapi " is a portmanteau of two Lese words, oka a verb meaning to cut and kpi which is a noun referring to the design made on Efé arrows by wrapping the arrow with bark so as to leave stripes when scorched by fire.
The term is a portmanteau of proteins and genome.
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