Before the late modern era, the abbot was treated with the utmost reverence by the brethren of his house.

Despite the frequency with which this name is used as a polemical label, there has been no historically continuous survival of Arianism into the modern era.

After the Communists took control in the 1940s Polish scholars were safer working on the Middle Ages and the early modern era rather than contemporary history.

The reciprocal influence between the French school and Polish historiography was particularly evident in studies on the Middle Ages and the early modern era studied by Braudel.

One of the most successful designs of this period was the Douglas DC-3, which became the first airliner that was profitable carrying passengers exclusively, starting the modern era of passenger airline service.

By the 2004 season the Diamondbacks had dropped to a dismal 51 – 111 record, the worst in Major League Baseball and one of the 10 worst records in the modern era, despite Johnson pitching a perfect game on May 18 of that season.

The heaviest armored cars, such as the German, World War II era SdKfz 234 or the modern, US M1128 Mobile Gun System, mount the same guns that arm medium tanks.

Studio audio processing is limited in the modern era due to digital audio systems ( mixers, routers ) being pervasive in the studio.

Steiner emphasized Judaism's central importance to the constitution of the modern era in the West.

Abatis, abattis, or abbattis is a term in field fortification for an obstacle formed ( in the modern era ) of the branches of trees laid in a row, with the sharpened tops directed outwards, towards the enemy.

He finished with an approval rating of 68 %, which matched those of Ronald Reagan and Franklin D. Roosevelt as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era.

The league average for on-base percentage has varied considerably over time ; in the modern era it is around. 340, whereas it was typically only. 300 in the dead-ball era.

It is a common misconception that Jackie Robinson was the first African-American major-league ballplayer ; he was actually only the first after a long gap ( and the first in the modern era ).

On that Mississippi riverine system today, including that of other sheltered waterways, industrial barge trafficking in bulk raw materials such as coal, coke, timber, iron ore and other minerals is extremely common in the developed world using huge cargo barges that connect in groups and trains-of-barges in ways which allow cargo volumes and weights which would astonish pioneers of modern barge systems and methods in the Victorian era.

Monasticism had been introduced into the region of modern France during the Roman era by St. Martin of Tours, who founded the first monastery in Western Europe.

The concept has existed for centuries and research and development have continued into the modern era.

This was challenged legally on the basis that no prior team relocations ( in the modern era ) left a city without a team.

According to David Steel, curator of European art at the North Carolina Museum of Art, Erin Jones " brought that museum into the modern era ," employing " a top-notch curator, John Nolan ," and following " best practices in conservation and restoration.

A few observations found in bestiaries, such as the migration of birds, were discounted by the natural philosophers of later centuries, only to be rediscovered in the modern scientific era.

The style of dance is commonly known to modern scholars as the French noble style or belle danse ( French, literally " beautiful dance "), however it is often referred to casually as baroque dance in spite of the existence of other theatrical and social dance styles during the baroque era.

Notably, the book has not received much attention in the recent modern era, possibly in part because of its foreign inward looking virtues and rejection of the modern emphasis on material productiveness.

This debate continues into the modern era.

In the post-Chinese economic reform era, modern Chinese philosophy has reappeared in forms such as the New Confucianism.

One of the top 10 NCAA programs of all time, the Razorbacks were ushered in to the modern era on the shoulders of Coach Eddie Sutton ( 800 game winner ).

Successful fighters in modern MMA who began their training in various forms of wrestling, include Jon Jones, Frank Edgar, Cain Velasquez and Brock Lesnar, a former UFC heavyweight champion who was a NCAA wrestling champion in 2000 and achieved 2nd place 1999,

On October 27, 2007, the stadium hosted the highest-scoring game in modern NCAA football history, when the Weber State University Wildcats defeated the PSU Vikings 73 – 68, a combined point total of 141 points.

The NCAA has used the newer Bridgestone Arena, a larger arena with a modern configuration in downtown Nashville, for first-and second-round men's tournament games on four more recent occasions ( 2000, 2003, 2005, 2012 ) instead of Memorial Gym.

In the modern NCAA era, Syracuse has won ten national championships, with oneadditional championship ( 1990 ) vacated due to rules infractions.

The modern theory of antimatter began in 1928, with a paper by Paul Dirac.

With ancient and modern history he rendered himself well acquainted and he also began to acquire some of the continental languages.

The modern age of aviation began with the first untethered human lighter-than-air flight on November 21, 1783, in a hot air balloon designed by the Montgolfier brothers.

With the rise of education, cheap newspapers and cheap printing, modern concepts of fame and celebrity began to develop, and the beneficiaries of this were not slow to cash in on this by producing autobiographies.

In the modern world, the killing of important people began to become more than a tool in power struggles between rulers themselves and was also used for political symbolism, such as in the propaganda of the deed.

The political terms of " modern ", " progressive " or " new " Liberalism began to appear in the mid to late 1880s and became increasingly common to denote the tendency in the Liberal Party to favour an increased role for the state as more important than the classical liberal stress on self-help and freedom of choice.

The groundwork for the modern bikini began to be laid in 1907, when Australian swimmer and performer Annette Kellerman was arrested on a Boston beach for wearing a form-fitting one-piece swimsuit, which became an accepted beach attire for women by 1910.

The appearance of the exhibition galleries began to change as dark Victorian reds gave way to modern pastel shades.

The King-James-Only Movement — or more correctly, movements, since it has many variations — became a divisive force in fundamentalism only as conservative modern Bible translations, such as the New American Standard Bible ( NASB ) and the New International Version ( NIV ) began to appear in the 1970s.

* System: privatization began in 1988 ; advanced telecommunications infrastructure ; modern system based on extensive microwave radio relay facilities ; fixed-line connections have dropped in recent years as mobile-cellular usage continues to increase, reaching a level of 85 telephones per 100 persons

( See The Modern Corporation and Private Property The well-known Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad decision began to influence policymaking and the modern corporate era had begun.

By the crusader period, a cistern under the former basilica was rumoured to have been the location that Helena had found the True Cross, and began to be venerated as such ; although the cistern later became the Chapel of the Invention of the Cross, there is no evidence for the rumour prior to the 11th century, and modern archaeological investigation has now dated the cistern to the 11th century repairs by Monomachos.

One of the largest diasporas of modern times is the African Diaspora, which began at the beginning of the 16th century.

Eventually, in 1849, when Arnold Berthold noted that castrated cockerels did not develop combs and wattles or exhibit overtly male behaviour, modern endocrinology began.

Later, in post war years, as consumer devices began to be developed, the field grew to include modern television, audio systems, computers and microprocessors.

* The modern Environmental movement, which began in the 1960s with concern about air and water pollution, became broader in scope to including all landscapes and human activities.

On the other hand, Michael K. Richardson, Professor of Evolutionary Developmental Zoology, Leiden University, while recognizing that some criticisms of the drawings are legitimate ( indeed, it was he and his co-workers who began the modern criticisms in 1998 ), has supported the drawings as teaching aids, and has said that " on a fundamental level, Haeckel was correct "

The etymologies of humanist scholars in the early modern period began to produce more reliable results, but many of their hypotheses have been superseded.

The modern sword and sorcery boom also began at this time with 1982's Conan the Barbarian.

The modern trigger-actuated machine gun began with various designs developed in the late 1800s and fielded in World War I, such as the Maxim gun, Lewis Gun, and MG 08 " Spandau ".

Some modern scholars, such as Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that modern geology began in the medieval Islamic world.

However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-19th century.

As the early modern period commenced in the late 15th century, many changes began to shock Europe that would have an effect on the production of grimoires ; the historian Owen Davies classed the most important of these as being the Protestant Reformation and subsequent Catholic Counter-Reformation, the witch-hunts and the advent of printing.

Where guilds were in control, they shaped labour, production and trade ; they had strong controls over instructional capital, and the modern concepts of a lifetime progression of apprentice to craftsman, journeyman, and eventually to widely-recognized master and grandmaster began to emerge.