The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years.

The heroic but futile stand of the Swiss is commemorated by Bertel Thorvaldsen's Lion Monument in Lucerne, dedicated in 1821, which shows a dying lion collapsed upon broken symbols of the French monarchy.

Convinced that the Stuart monarchy has collapsed, Daniel returns to London and takes revenge on Jeffreys by inciting a crowd to capture him for trial and later execution.

The Allies broke the resistance of the Central Powers by autumn 1918, as the Habsburg monarchy disintegrated and the German imperial government collapsed.

After the Habsburg monarchy collapsed in 1918, Luise called herself " Comtesse d ' Ysette ", a title with even less legitimacy than the one her father had given her.

The government collapsed, leading to the end of the republic and the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy with the proclamation of Alfonso XII as king.

The Funj monarchy had become Arabized by the time the kingdom collapsed in 1821, adopting Arabic as their common language.

Within a generation of Eanred's death, Anglian monarchy in Northumbria had collapsed.

The monarchy collapsed on November 9, 1918.

France annexed Madagascar in 1896 and declared it a colony the following year, dissolving the Merina monarchy and sending the royal family into exile on Reunion Island and to Algeria.

The Angkorian monarchy survived until 1431, when the Thai captured Angkor Thom and the Cambodian king fled to the southern part of the country

But only when a more centralized English monarchy emerged following the Norman invasion, and when the kings of England attempted to assert power over the land and its peoples, did the modern concept emerge, namely of a crime not only as an offence against the " individual ", but also as a wrong against the " State ".

The trouble with doing this is that when one can do this with anything that has lasted for an extended period of time resulting in absurd statements such as " England has not changed fundamentally in the past thousand years because the institution of the monarchy has existed for this long.

The verb dates from 1689, at a time when dragoons were being used by the French monarchy to persecute Protestants.

Norwegian supremacy continued until 1380, when the islands became part of the dual monarchy Denmark – Norway.

Although he did not make known his intention when creating the plates, art historians view them as a visual protest against the violence of the 1808 Dos de Mayo Uprising, the subsequent Peninsular War of 1808 – 14 and the setbacks to the liberal cause following the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in 1814.

The final 17 reflect the bitter disappointment of liberals when the restored Bourbon monarchy, encouraged by the Catholic hierarchy, rejected the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and opposed both state and religious reform.

Henry added the Norman kingdom of Sicily to his domains, held English king Richard the Lionheart captive and aimed to establish a hereditary monarchy, when he died in 1197.

The monarchy came to an end on 1 September 1969 when a group of military officers led by Muammar Gaddafi staged a coup d ’ état against King Idris while he was in Turkey for medical treatment.

Italy has been a democratic republic since 2 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum ( see birth of the Italian Republic ).

Use of the term " Left " became more prominent after the restoration of the French monarchy in 1815 when it was applied to the " Independents ".

Central Nepal was split in three kingdoms from the 15th century until the 18th century, when it was unified under the Shah monarchy.

The reign of the long-lived Ottoman dynasty lasted for 623 years, from 27 July 1299 to 1 November 1922, when the monarchy in Turkey was abolished.

This classification is comparatively recent ( it was not used by Aristotle or Hobbes, for instance ), and dates from the French Revolution era, when those members of the National Assembly who supported the republic, the common people and a secular society sat on the left and supporters of the monarchy, aristocratic privilege and the Church sat on the right.

He reasoned that going to war would be unreasonable and costly, especially when noting that the Qing government had a goal for constitutional monarchy.

However, it is unclear when the Romulans possessed this system of government, or how it functioned in relation to the Romulan Senate, or even if they have abandoned the monarchy.

However since 1932, when the military, with the help of civilians, decided to overthrow the system of absolute monarchy and instead created a constitutional system, the military has dominated and been in control of Thai politics, providing it with many Prime Ministers and carrying out many Coup d ' états, the most recent being in 2006.

Actually, a slogan similar to the Belgian one-" la Nation, la Loi, le Roi " (" The Nation, The Law, The King ")-had been used in the early days of the French Revolution, when that revolution was still considered to be aimed toward constitutional monarchy rather than a republic.

As he matured he came to be well known beyond his power base in Worms and Speyer, so when the Saxon line died off and the elected monarchy for the German realm stood vacant, he was elected King in 1024 at the respectably old age of thirty-four years and crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire on 26 March 1027, becoming the first of four kings and emperors of the Salian Dynasty.

His eldest son, Pedro I of Brazil, briefly became Pedro IV of Portugal, but neither the Portuguese nor the Brazilians wanted a unified monarchy ; consequently, Pedro abdicated the Portuguese crown in favor of his 7-year-old daughter, Maria da Glória, on the condition that when of age she would marry his brother, Miguel.

The Bourbon monarchy in France ended on 24 February 1848, when Louis-Philippe was forced to abdicate and the short-lived French Second Republic was established.

He became king at a point when public faith in the monarchy was at a low ebb.

When England was ruled by a French aristocracy, the tradition may have been to exclusively use an, while when Britain was governed by a German-based monarchy the tide may have changed to a.

This set the stage for the last conflict in the Napoleonic Wars, the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, the restoration of the French monarchy for the second time and the permanent exile of Napoleon to the distant island of Saint Helena, where he died in May 1821.

The victors exiled Napoleon to the island of Elba, and restored the French Bourbon monarchy in the person of Louis XVIII.

In the Polynesian island monarchy of Tonga, as opposed to the situation in Europe, barons are granted this imported title ( in English ), alongside traditional chiefly styles, and continue to hold and exercise some political power.

Believing that the Peloponnesians were direct descendents of the ancient Hellenes, Pletho rejected Justinian's idea of a universal Empire in favour of recreating the Hellenistic civilization, the zenith of Greek influence, In his 1415 and 1418 pamphlets urged Manuel II and his son Theodore to turn the peninsula into a cultural island with a new constitution of strongly centralised monarchy advised by a small body of middle-class educated men.

This set the stage for the last conflict in the Napoleonic Wars, the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, the restoration of the French monarchy for the second time and the permanent exile of Napoleon to the distant island of Saint Helena, where he died in May 1821.

He tries to read and answer all his mail by himself and finds that the volume is too much and he needs to rely on secretaries ; he is exasperated with his ministers and has them arrested, but soon realises that he does not know enough to govern by himself, and is forced to release the ministers and institute constitutional monarchy ; when a war breaks out he does not accept being shut up in his palace, but slips away and joins up, pretending to be a peasant boy-and narrowly avoids becoming a POW ; he takes the offer of a friendly journalist to publish for him a " royal paper "-and finds much later that he gets carefully edited news and that the journalist is covering up the gross corruption of the young king's best friend ; he tries to organise the children of all the world to hold processions and demand their rights – and ends up antagonising other kings ; he falls in love with a black African princess and outrages racist opinion ( by modern standards, however, Korczak's depiction of blacks is itself not completely free of stereotypes which were current at the time of writing ); finally, he is overthrown by the invasion of three foreign armies and exiled to a desert island, where he must come to terms with reality – and finally does.

The victors exiled Napoleon to the island of Elba, and restored the Bourbon monarchy in the person of Louis XVIII.

A portion of the population left and went to the nearby island of Tlatelolco, establishing a monarchy there, with their first ruler being Acamapitzin.

This set the stage for the last conflict in the Napoleonic Wars and for the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo, the restoration of the French monarchy for the second time and the permanent exile of Napoleon to the island of Saint Helena, where he died in May 1821.

Once home to a unique American monarchy, the island is now a popular tourist and vacation destination.

Their children remain the pretenders to the royal family of Raiatea and Tahaa since the end of the monarchy on this island.

"... where the chariot of history etched indelible marks of monarchy and upper caste oppression .." and was unveiled in the traffic island at Vellayambalam junction by the Prime Minister of India on 10 November 1980.