While at the time the process was openly referred to as colonization (" takushoku " 拓殖 ), the notion was later reframed by Japanese elites to the currently common usage " kaitaku "( 開拓 ), which instead conveys a sense of opening up or reclamation of the Ainu lands.

The notion of elves thus appears similar to the animistic belief in spirits of nature and of the deceased, common to nearly all human religions ; this is also true for the Old Norse belief in dísir, fylgjur and vörðar (" follower " and " warden " spirits, respectively ).

Loïc Wacquant wrote that habitus is an old philosophical notion, originating in the thought of Aristotle, whose notion of hexis (" state ") was translated into habitus by the Medieval Scholastics.

Stalin and his supporters have highlighted the notion that socialism can be built and consolidated by a country (" Socialism in One Country ") as underdeveloped as Russia during the 1920s.

Panentheistic Christian Universalists often believe that all creation's subsistence in God renders untenable the notion of final and permanent alienation from Him ; they point to Biblical scripture passages such as Ephesians 4: 6 (" is over all and through all and in all ") and Romans 11: 36 (" from and through him and to him are all things ") to justify both panentheism and universalism.

The rabbis determined that the matter should be left until Elijah ( in reference to the notion that Elijah's arrival would precipitate the coming of the Messiah, at which time all halakhic questions will be resolved ) and the fifth cup came to be known as the Kos shel Eliyahu (" Cup of Elijah ").

In addition, Gamal's biographers wrote that his family believed strongly in the " Arab notion of glory ," citing the naming of Gamal's brother, Izz al-Arab (" Glory of the Arabs "); the name is a rare occurrence in Egypt, as well as other parts of the Arab world.

Nevertheless, although her notion of judging remains unknown, Arendt did leave manuscripts (" Thinking and Moral Considerations ," " Some Questions on Moral Philosophy ,") and lectures ( Lectures on Kant's Political Philosophy ) concerning her thoughts on this mental faculty.

Charles de Gaulle actively promoted a notion of French " grandeur " (" greatness ").

The notion of reciprocal gifts is seen as essential to the fa ' aSamoa (" Samoan way of life "), the anga fakatonga (" Tongan way of life "), and the culture of other diasporic Pacific communities.

It was believed, for example, that maggots could spontaneously appear in decaying meat ; Francesco Redi carried out experiments which disproved this notion and coined the maxim Omne vivum ex ovo (" every living thing comes from a living thing " — literally " from an egg "), Virchow ( and his predecessors ) extended this to state that the only source for a living cell was another living cell.

In addition to The Tale of the Heike and Chronicle of Yoshitsune ( Gikeiki ), which relates events of Yoshitsune's life after the defeat of the Heike, a great many other works of literature and drama feature him, and together form the sekai (" world ") of Yoshitsune, a concept akin to the notion of the literary cycle.

Marcel Proust took issue with this notion and refuted it in a set of essays, Contre Sainte-Beuve (" Against Sainte-Beuve ").

For example, he propagates the incorrect Galenic notion that a rete mirabile (" miraculous network ") of blood vessels exists at the base of the human brain when it is in fact only present in ungulates.

The notion of gentiles (" nations ") in Judaism reflect this state of affairs, the implicit assumption that each nation will have its own religion.

") and United States Congressman Barney Frank speaking to the New York Post (" The notion that gay men have a superior fashion sense is not true and it's damaging.

In the case of APL the notion applies to every operand ; and dyads (" binary functions ") have a left rank and a right rank.

The following quotations from the Preface of the first book (" Strategy and Computers: Information Systems as Competitive Weapons ") establishes the basic idea behind the notion of SIS:

After deliberation and the brief notion of promoting the b-side instead (" Brainbox Pollution ", which dealt with the effects of drug misuse ), the band's management opted to withdraw the single stating that " Although the record was selling very well, we didn't want to feel that any sales might be gained by association with recent events-even though the song was written by Bob Calvert two years ago as a satirical comment, and was recorded three months ago.

The combination of pietistic devotion and mystical experiences that are found in Woolman and Wesley are also found in their Dutch contemporary Tersteegen, who brings back the notion of the nous (" mind ") as the site of God's interaction with our souls ; through the work of the Spirit, our mind is able to intuitively recognize the immediate presence of God in our midst.

The notion of Logotherapy was created with the Greek word logos (" meaning ").

However, besides some arguments by the Stoics and Peripatetics, the notion of the mind as a blank slate went largely unnoticed for more than 1, 000 years.

The notion of string acceptance is unchanged: a non-deterministic Turing machine accepts a string if, when the machine is started on the configuration in which the tape head is on the first character of the string ( if any ), and the tape is all blank otherwise, at least one of the machine's possible computations from that configuration puts the machine into a state in.

While Sapir never made a point of studying directly how languages affected the thought processes of their speakers, some notion of ( probably " weak ") linguistic relativity lay inherent in his basic understanding of language, and would be taken up by his student Benjamin Lee Whorf.

They legitimized their rule by invoking the " Mandate of Heaven ," the notion that the ruler ( the " Son of Heaven ") governed by divine right and that his dethronement would prove that he had lost the Mandate.

Important to Thelema ( the term itself meaning " will ") is the notion of a difference between mundane " will " and True Will, the latter of which is the purposed fulfillment of human beings through a process of esoteric methods employed to achieve self-realization.

In the long run, the vast output of popular fiction could no longer be ignored, and literary critics — gradually, carefully and tentatively — started questioning and assessing the complete notion of the perceived gap between " high art " ( or " serious literature ") and " popular art " ( in America often referred to as " pulp fiction ", often verging on " smut and filth ").

As indicated above, the Catholic Church rejects both Feeneyism and ( by stating that " they could not be saved who, knowing that the Catholic Church was founded as necessary by God through Christ, would refuse either to enter it or to remain in it ") the contrary notion that one can be saved while knowingly and deliberately rejecting the Catholic Church.

Although Althusser's Marxist philosophy may repel many people today, his criticisms of the notion of a " neutral science ", which followed the Frankfurt School's criticisms of scientific and technical progress, and his conception of a cumulative although discontinuous " progress " of philosophy represents one of the toughest attempts to conceive a cumulative progress of sciences and philosophy ( both subsumed under the term of " theory ") without falling into a plain scientist optimism about a " continuous and linear necessary progress ".

* ( excerpt: " The 12th century birth of the notion of mass which advised modern mechanics ... and void and movement in the void ")

In the novel, which revolves around the notion that Germany had been victorious in World War II, Globocnik ( commonly referred to by his nickname " Globus ") has risen to become a feared leader within the Gestapo.

' Tāla, Taal or Tal ( Sanskrit tālà, literally a " clap ", also transliterated as " tala ") is the term used in Indian classical music for the rhythmic pattern of any composition and for the entire subject of rhythm, roughly corresponding to metre in Western music, though closer conceptual equivalents are to be found in the older system of rhythmic mode and its relations with the " foot " of classical poetry, or with other Asian classical systems such as the notion of usul in the theory of Ottoman / Turkish music.

These properties do not exist in a vacuum ; they are linked to the semantics of the programming language they describe, and there is a large space of varied languages that can fit these criteria, since the notion of " well typed " program is part of the static semantics of the programming language and the notion of " getting stuck " ( or " going wrong ") is a property of its dynamic semantics.

In English the term " intellectual " conveys the general notion of a " literate thinker "; its earlier usage, as in the title of The Evolution of an Intellectual ( 1920 ) by John Middleton Murry, connotes little in the way of " public " rather than " literary " activity.

The idea here is one of discharge but this must stand in opposition to a second view, Plato's notion of the arousal of emotion.

That notion is fantastically wrong-headed from several points of view.

Ehrman uses this omission to support the notion that the title " Son of God " is not used of Jesus until his baptism, and that Mark reflects an adoptionist view.

A special case of this difference in points of view applies to the notion of function.

This view corresponds with the notion that " the only worthy religion in the world is an examined religion.

In view of implacable demands by the political leadership of both Hindu and Islamic communities in British India for a separate Hindu and a separate Muslim homeland, Mountbatten conceded the notion of two nations consisting of a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan ( which incorporated East Pakistan, now Bangladesh ).

Since many commentators view the notion of sense as identical to the notion of concept, and Frege regards senses as the linguistic representations of states of affairs in the world, it seems to follow that we may understand concepts as the manner in which we grasp the world.

This view is heavily influenced by modernization theory, but is also strongly influenced by indigenous sources such as the notion of " shijie datong " or the Great Unity.

* Bundles of groups, group actions, sets, and equivalence relations can be regarded as special cases of the notion of groupoid, a point of view that suggests a number of analogies ;

It may refer either to equality of opportunity, the view that the government ought not to discriminate against citizens or hinder opportunities for them to prosper, or the quite different notion of equality of outcome, a state of economic affairs in which the government promotes equal prosperity for all citizens.

In Allen's view, the notion of an underlying unity of the divine coexisted inclusively with the polytheistic tradition.

In this view, it was only by the Hellenic period that most Jews came to believe that their god was the only god, and that the notion of a clearly bounded Jewish nation identical with the Jewish religion formed.

This open letter criticised Wilson's notion of a " deterministic view of human society and human action ".

The notion of a static unchanging Form and its identity with Substance represents the metaphysical view that has come to be held as an assumption by the vast majority of the Western philosophical tradition since Plato and Aristotle, as it was something they agreed on.

This view has been criticised for including in its notion of tradition practices which are no longer considered to be desirable, for example, stereotypical views of the place of women in domestic affairs.

On the other hand, particularly in discussions of objectivity that have feet in both metaphysics and epistemology, philosophical discussions of " reality " often concern the ways in which reality is, or is not, in some way dependent upon ( or, to use fashionable jargon, " constructed " out of ) mental and cultural factors such as perceptions, beliefs, and other mental states, as well as cultural artifacts, such as religions and political movements, on up to the vague notion of a common cultural world view, or < em lang =" de "> Weltanschauung </ em >.

The view that working for wages is akin to slavery was already present in the ancient world, beginning with the notion of prostitution as temporary slavery.

From a modern point of view, Fourier's results are somewhat informal, due to the lack of a precise notion of function and integral in the early nineteenth century.

The notion that the sacred could exist outside of the Temple, a view central to the Essenes, was shared and elevated by the Pharisees.

Vico, in The New Science, posited a view of language as fundamentally figurative, and introduced into Enlightenment discourse the notion of the role of the imagination in creating meaning.

The traditional view of archaeologists, that the appearance of urbanization at excavation sites could be read as a sufficient index for the development of a polis was criticised by François Polignac in 1984 and has not been taken for granted in recent decades: the polis of Sparta for example was established in a network of villages. The term polis which in archaic Greece meant city, changed with the development of the governance center in the city to indicate state ( which included its surrounding villages ), and finally with the emergence of a citizenship notion between the land owners it came to describe the entire body of citizens.

In his 2003 book A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America, political scientist Michael Barkun notes that a vast popular audience has been introduced by the film to the notion that the U. S. government is controlled by a secret team in black helicopters — a view once confined to the radical right.

Some Jews accepted this model of religious pluralism, leading them to view Prophet Mohammed as a legitimate prophet, though not Jewish, sent to preach to the Arabs, just as the Hebrew prophets had been sent to deliver their messages to Israel ; others refused this notion in entirety.