What does Tri-State actually want to do, now that it has the meters under franchise and certain phases of its piping system in the `` patent applied for '' stage??

Some jurisdictions have specialized appellate courts, such as the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, which only hears appeals raised in criminal cases, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which has general jurisdiction but derives most of its caseload from patent cases, on the other hand, and appeals from the Court of Federal Claims on the other.

There has also been controversy about the role of pharmaceutical companies in marketing and promoting antipsychotics, including allegations of downplaying or covering up adverse effects, expanding the number of conditions or illegally promoting off-label usage ; influencing drug trials ( or their publication ) to try to show that the expensive and profitable newer atypicals were superior to the older cheaper typicals that were out of patent.

Source code for a Coral 66 compiler ( written in BCPL ) has been recovered and the " Official Definition of Coral 66 " document by HMSO has been scanned ; the Ministry of Defence patent office has issued a licence to the Edinburgh Computer History project to allow them to put both the code and the language reference online for non-commercial use.

In 1691, an article in the London Gazette mentioned John Lofting, who held a patent for a fire engine: " The said patentee has also projected a very useful engine for starting of beer, and other liquors which will draw from 20 to 30 barrels an hour, which are completely fixed with brass joints and screws at reasonable rates ".

Armstrong and De Forest fought a protracted legal battle over the rights to the " regenerative " oscillator circuit which has been called " the most complicated patent litigation in the history of radio ".

Innovation and invention in 19th century America has been said to be attributed to the development of the patent system.

A commercial use of his patent has not been reported.

Japan is the world's 3rd largest automobile manufacturing country, has the largest electronics goods industry, and is often ranked among the world's most innovative countries leading several measures of global patent filings.

In practice, credit has accrued to both the inventor and the company ( although not its individual workers ) in the form of a Nobel Prize and a $ 10, 000 Cetus bonus for Mullis and $ 300 million for Cetus when the company sold the patent to Roche Molecular Systems.

Since most of Fuchs ' work on the bomb, including a 1946 patent on a particular model for the weapon, are still classified in the United States, it has been difficult for scholars to fully assess these conclusions.

The patent attorney has on call the millions of issued patents, with familiar trails to every point of his client's interest.

U. S. pianist Hannah Reimann has promoted piano keyboards with narrower octave spans and has a U. S. patent on the apparatus and methods for modifying existing pianos to provide interchangeable keyboards of different sizes.

* 1994 US Patent 5, 282, 222 for wireless data transmission-The patent " tree " rooted on this patent has upwards of 20, 000 nodes and leaves references.

It has been estimated that Bayer AG's revenue increased an extra $ 358 million due to ciprofloxacin's pediatric patent extension.

The O ' Reilly v. Morse case has become known among patent lawyers because the Supreme Court explicitly denied Morse's claim for any future application of his code system.

The decision has been cited as relevant to the patent eligibility of software.

In 1984 Inge Telnaes received a patent for a device titled, " Electronic Gaming Device Utilizing a Random Number Generator for Selecting the Reel Stop Positions " ( US Patent 4448419 ), which states: “ It is important to make a machine that is perceived to present greater chances of payoff than it actually has within the legal limitations that games of chance must operate .” The patent was later bought by International Game Technology and has since expired.

Since there was no apparent practical use for such a device at the time, the patent application was most likely simply a precaution in case someone else did find a use for the so-called Edison effect.

There are no patent laws.

On June 21, 1889, William Friese-Greene was issued patent no.

There are no patent laws in Micronesia.

However, when he patented it, the Navy requisitioned the patent, and by the time the Navy found no use in the patent and released it, the market had moved on and he got no use from it.

It is typically said that if you apply for a patent you can no longer maintain a trade secret on the invention, but this is an oversimplification.

Coca-Cola, for example, has no patent for its formula and has been very effective in protecting it for many more years than the twenty years of protection that a patent would have provided.

The disadvantage is that there is no protection once information protected as trade secret is uncovered by others through reverse engineering, for example, whereas patent has a guaranteed time of protection in exchange for disclosing the information to the public.

Strictly speaking, in most jurisdictions, there are essentially no differences between the legal requirements to obtain a patent for an invention in the chemical or pharmaceutical fields, in comparison to obtaining a patent in the other fields, such as in the mechanical field.

In 1843, Aspdin's son William improved their cement, which was initially called " Patent Portland cement ", although he had no patent.

On March 29, 2011 the United States Patent Office issued patent no.

" This invention received the patent number 4, 671, 174 on June 9, 1987, however the patent no longer exists.

This was accommodated by Perthe's Almanach de Gotha ( which categorised princely families by rank until it ceased publication after 1944 ) by inserting the offspring of such marriages in the third section of the almanac under entries denoted by a symbol ( a dot within a circle ) that " signifies some princely houses which, possessing no specific princely patent, have passed from the first part, A, or from the second part into the third part in virtue of special agreements.

Bell Labs researcher Frank Gray introduced the term reflected binary code in his 1947 patent application, remarking that the code had " as yet no recognized name ".

While Dewar was recognised as the inventor, because he did not patent his invention there was no way to stop Thermos from using the design.

There is no federal bar exam ( except in a few narrow subject matter specialties such as patent law ).

It was initially proposed and patented by Kaspar Wicki in Switzerland in 1896, but no known instruments were constructed with the Wicki layout, and Hayden was unaware of Wicki's patent when developing his system.

On 21 June 1889, Friese-Greene was issued patent no.

There is no necessary connexion between the title of a city and the seat of a bishopric, and the creation of a new see neither constitutes the town concerned a city nor gives it any claim to the grant of letters patent creating it a city.

Battles ' patent describes the core design that became the Class B Climax, and his patent illustrations show the name Climax emblazoned on the locomotive cab.

Couturier company built brass band instruments utilizing a patent for a continuous conical bore without cylindrical portions even for the valves or tuning slide.

Clark and W. Harrison Moore, who had contributed to the first draft of the constitution put before the 1897 Adelaide Convention and was Professor of Law at the University of Melbourne, postulated that the letters patent and the royal instructions issued by Queen Victoria were unnecessary " or even of doubtful legality ".

Nobel was even involved in a patent infringement lawsuit over cordite.

Picado reported his discovery to the Paris Academy of Sciences, yet did not patent it, even though his investigations started years before Fleming's.

In many if not most situations, improvements will be made to an invention even after filing of the patent application, and additional information will be learned.

Pupin was first to patent but Campbell had already conducted practical demonstrations before Pupin had even filed his patent ( December 1899 ).

Later, the king started to create new baronies in one of two ways: by a writ of summons directing a chosen man to attend Parliament, and in an even later development by letters patent.

The word " aqualung " was commonly used in speech and in publications as a term for an open-circuit, demand valve-controlled breathing apparatus ( even after Air Liquide's patent expired and other manufacturers started making identical equipment ), occasionally also for rebreathers, and in figurative uses ( such as " the water spider's aqualung of air bubbles ").

As a result, even if the indigenous medical knowledge is taken as prior art, that knowledge does not by itself make the active chemical compound " obvious ," which is the standard applied under patent law.

An even earlier patent for a magnetic mixer is US 1, 242, 493, issued 9 October 1917 to Richard H. Stringham of Bountiful, Utah, U. S. A. Mr. Stringman's mixer used stationary electromagnets in the base, rather than a rotating permanent magnet, to rotate the stirrer.

A new clause will let companies like Novell distribute GPLv3 software even if they have made such patent partnerships in the past, as long as the partnership deal was made before March 28, 2007 ( GPLv3 Section 11 paragraph 7 ).

The laws also end up encouraging patent and copyright owners to sue even mild imitators in court and to lobby for the extension of the term of the exclusive rights in a form of rent seeking.

" Dr ." Sibley, an English patent medicine seller of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, even went so far as to claim that his Reanimating Solar Tincture would, as the name implies, " restore life in the event of sudden death ".

In the end Bessemer set up his own steel company because he knew how to do it, even though he could not convey it to his patent users.

VMX could claim that several major companies licensed the patent ( even though they paid almost nothing to VMX for the rights ), but that part wasn't disclosed.

Mitchell was so impressed, that he even tried to patent the speaker, but discovered that he couldn't.

Domenici also received an exceptionally low environmental rating from the nonpartisan League of Conservation Voters, who claimed in 2003 that “ uring the last decade his voting record has become even more strikingly anti-environmental .” The LCV went on to criticize Domenici for voting in 1995 “ to allow mining companies to ‘ patent ’ ( purchase ) public lands in order to extract minerals from them, without environmental standards, for the ridiculously low ‘ price ’ of $ 5 an acre or less .”

Also, Andy reminds Benoit of the non-exclusive patent waiver, which had even been Benoit's idea in the first place.

A patent was issued for the process of making even higher quality proteins from fish such as in the making of imitation steak from surimi.

Nowadays, however, the ' party ' is often omitted, even in ' official ' blazons, e. g. in letters patent and extracts of matriculation.

Over time, the development of synthetic resins further simplified the process and cut production costs even further, making the mass production of patent leather possible.

However, in western countries there may be variations in the proportions of ingredients in patent medicines of the same name, and even different ingredients altogether.

It was common for manufacturers to patent the action mechanism used on their instruments, thus requiring any new manufacturer to develop their own version ; as the number of manufacturers grew, this led to some instruments having hugely complex arrays of levers, cranks, rods and shafts, which made replacement with an electronic instrument even more attractive.