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patent and was
From the earliest days of the motor car industry, before the A.L.A.M. was established, patent infringement loomed as a serious and vexing problem.
One of the conditions of the pool was a prohibition upon the withholding of patent rights among A.L.A.M. members.
The prevailing view in the industry was summed up in 1912 by a group of auto makers who told a Senate committee: `` The exceedingly unsatisfactory and uselessly expensive conditions, including delays surrounding legal disputes, particularly in patent litigation, are items of industrial burden which must be written large in figures of many millions of dollars of industrial waste ''.
By that time it was commonly agreed that patent warfare was sapping constructive achievement and blocking the free exchange of technical information.
The idea was never commercialized, but Lincoln is the only president to hold a patent.
*( c ) It may be granted upon condition, cujus est dare, ejus est disponere, and this denization of an alien may come about three ways: by Parliament ; by letters patent, which was the usual manner ; and by conquest.
He was stationed in San Francisco from 1869 through 1871 and he took out a patent for the cable car railway that still runs there, receiving a charter for its operation, but signing away his rights when he was reassigned.
At that time, the ENIAC was considered to be the first computer in the modern sense, but in 1973 a U. S. District Court invalidated the ENIAC patent and concluded that the ENIAC inventors had derived the subject matter of the electronic digital computer from Atanasoff ( see Patent dispute ).
The United States District Court for the District of Minnesota released its judgement on October 19, 1973, finding in Honeywell v. Sperry Rand that the ENIAC patent was a derivative of John Atanasoff's invention.
The case was legally resolved on October 19, 1973 when U. S. District Judge Earl R. Larson held the ENIAC patent invalid, ruling that the ENIAC derived many basic ideas from the Atanasoff – Berry Computer.
The first proposal for a tank was by the Austrian Oberleutenant Günther Burstyn who, in 1911, proposed a design for " motor artillery " ( Motorengeschütz ) with a turret, but his design never progressed beyond a German patent in 1912.
Later that year the PTO issued a decision rejecting the patent, on the basis that the petitioners ' arguments that the plant was not " distinctive or novel " were valid.
A. Panitz's patent, was developed by Mike Miller starting in 1983 and culminated with the first prototype in 1986.
Watterson was born in Washington, D. C., where his father, James G. Watterson ( born 1932 ), worked as a patent examiner while going to George Washington University Law School before becoming a patent attorney in 1960.
The Bakelite Corporation was formed in 1922 ( after patent litigation favorable to Baekeland ) from a merger of three companies: the General Bakelite Company which Baekeland founded in 1910, the Condensite Company, founded by J. W.
The first patent on a ballpoint pen was issued on 30 October 1888, to John Loud, a leather tanner, who was attempting to make a writing instrument that would be able to write on his leather products, which then-common fountain pens could not do.
Slavoljub Eduard Penkala invented a solid-ink fountain pen in 1907, a German inventor named Baum took out a ballpoint patent in 1910, and yet another ballpoint pen device was patented by Van Vechten Riesburg in 1916.
It was based on a patent of 1883 by James Cleminson, and was once popular on narrow-gauge rolling stock, e. g. on the Isle of Man and Manx Northern Railways.
Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.

patent and overturned
The patent was overturned in May 2004 due to prior art.
Legal action by the Indian government followed, with the patent eventually being overturned in 2005.
Otto's patent on this engine was later challenged and overturned.
Otto's engine was patented in 1877, but the patent was soon challenged and overturned.
His " American Junior " company was by far the biggest producer of models, and held numerous patents on the two-line system until overturned during a patent infridgement suit, by Walker, against Leroy Cox, based on " prior art " from St. Clair in the 1955 trial.
The second patent was overturned, but not before he had become a very rich man.
A related company Mirror Worlds, LLC recently had their patent infringement verdict against Apple, Inc. overturned in the Eastern District of Texas.
Lilly Icos filed a complaint in a London court in September 1999, and the patent was overturned in November 2000 on the grounds that Pfizer's patent was based on information already in the public domain when the patent was issued.
It was based on an invention by Thomas Highs and the patent was later overturned.
The Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences agreed with the original decision ; however, the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals overturned the case in Chakrabarty's favor, writing that " the fact that micro-organisms are alive is without legal significance for purposes of the patent law.
However, other companies saw the attraction of the bag, too, and the US petrochemicals group Mobil overturned Celloplast's US patent in 1977.

patent and 1999
In 1999 they brought a legal challenge to this patent which had granted a private US citizen " ownership " of the knowledge of a plant that is well-known and sacred to many indigenous peoples of the Amazon, and used by them in religious and healing ceremonies.
The celebration of the alleged Norwegian origin of the paper clip culminated in 1999, one hundred years after Vaaler submitted his application for a German patent.
For example, the 5. 9 ( 5, 984, 285 ) patent was granted in 1999, but didn't first appear on a Pez item until 2002.
In Germany, in the case Logikverifikation ( 13 December 1999 ), the German Federal Court ( German: Bundesgerichtshof or BGH ) ruled on a case involving a national patent application claiming a computer-implemented invention, namely a " method for hierarchical logic verification of highly-integrated circuits ".
Apple applied for a US patent for the design of the Dock in 1999 and was granted the patent in October 2008, nine years later.
In 1999, Genentech agreed to pay the University of California, San Francisco $ 200 million to settle a nine-year-old patent dispute.
In 1999, the British charity ActionAid applied for a patent on hardening conkers, in protest at the patenting of life forms by large companies.
* 1999: Prof. Shu Yuen ( Ron ) Hui and Mr. S. C. Tang file a patent on " Coreless Printed-Circuit-Board ( PCB ) transformers and operating techniques ", which form the basis for future planar charging surface with " vertical flux " leaving the planar surface.
In 1999, US company Hoover was found guilty of patent infringement.
US patent number 5984136 1999.
In 1999, Dean ’ s son, Norman Robert “ Bob ” Dean, appeared at an anti-gravity conference by invitation of a group of patent holders who had created differing versions of the reactionless drives that referred to N. L.
In May 1999, GoTo. com filed a patent application titled " System and method for influencing a position on a search result list generated by a computer network search engine ".
TDMoIP was first developed in 1998 by RAD Data Communications ( see U. S. patent number 6, 731, 649 ) and first deployed in Sweden in 1999 by Utfors ( later acquired by Telenor ).
In 1999, US company Hoover was found guilty of patent infringement.
As a member of the European Parliament from 1989 to 1999, he was particularly concerned with the EU Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, with the preparation of the Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions (" gene patent directive "), and with bioethical issues as well as in innovation policy.
Newsnight claimed that Reckitt Benckiser had a " secret plan to ensure that it kept its stranglehold " after the Gaviscon patent expired in 1999, and that Newsnight had seen the plan.
In December 1999, U. S. District Judge Vaughn Walker ruled that the 1990 patent involving Taq polymerase was issued, in part, on misleading information and false claims by scientists with Cetus Corporation.
Illustrations from Jalbert's 1966 patent, showing the keels and the airfoil shape. The NASA X-38 prototype makes a gentle lakebed landing at the end of a July 1999 test flight at the Dryden Flight Research Center.

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