Jones became the first linguist in the western world to use the term phoneme in its current sense, employing the word in his article The phonetic structure of the Sechuana Language.

* Jones, D .( 1917b ), The phonetic structure of the Sechuana language, Transactions of the Philological Society 1917-20, pp. 99 – 106 ; rpt in Jones ( 2002 ).

When morphemes combine, they influence each other's sound structure ( whether analyzed at a phonetic or phonemic level ), resulting in different variant pronunciations for the same morpheme.

In historical evolution terms, Kurmanji is less modified than Sorani and Kermanshahi in both phonetic and morphological structure.

In studying poetic speech in its phonetic and lexical structure as well as in its characteristic distribution of words and in the characteristic thought structures compounded from the words, we find everywhere the artistic trademark – that is, we find material obviously created to remove the automatism of perception ; the author ’ s purpose is to create the vision which results from that deautomatized perception.

Subjecting a comprehensive integrated analysis of the phonetic system, the lexical composition and grammatical structure, the scientist concluded that the language of the Siberian Tatars is a separate language, it is divided into three dialects and it is one of the most ancient Turkic languages.

One particular form of a broad transcription is a phonemic transcription, which disregards all allophonic difference, and, as the name implies, is not really a phonetic transcription at all, but a representation of phonemic structure.

Rather, a sentence more closely corresponds to a deep structure paired with the surface structure derived from it, with an additional phonetic form obtained from processing of the surface structure.

Judging by what we have ( and unless the transcription is misleading ), Iotic words tend to be relatively simple in phonetic structure, with few consonants, only a few consonant clusters, and many vowels often strung together.

In 1748 appeared his Разговор об орфографии (" A Conversation on Orthography "), the first study of the phonetic structure of the Russian language.

His literary and linguistic training consisted in a BA Degree ( 1934 ), followed by a Masters thesis ( or " dissertation "), submitted to the University of Cape Town ( UCT ) in 1942, entitled Some features of the phonetic and grammatical structure of Baca ( that is, of Bhaca ), which was an important early contribution to the study of non-standard Nguni languages, specifically, of a Tekela Nguni language.

Metrical poetry is a particularly rhythmic form, deriving its structure from patterns of phonetic features within and between the lines of verse.

Sound structure ( phonological and phonetic ) studies of focus are not as numerous, as relational language phenomena tend to be of greater interest to syntacticians and semanticists.

This dictionary is similar in its structure to the one from the Bureau of Translators, but it only gives the " phonetic " transcription of Jurchen words ( by means of Chinese characters ) and not their writing in Jurchen script.

They tend to follow a loose logic of sound rather than the strict phonetic structure of Cued Speech.

He tried to construct a system of rules for generating the phonetic forms of sentences, and to this end devised a system of recursive rules to describe the form and structure of sentences, organizing the devices in Harris ' Methods differently for this purpose.

* Ward, Ida C. ( 1933 ) The phonetic and tonal structure of Efik.

Thus, when Thomas Young, foreign secretary of the Royal Society of London, wrote to him about the stone in 1814, Silvestre de Sacy suggested in reply that in attempting to read the hieroglyphic text, Young might look for cartouches that ought to contain Greek names and try to identify phonetic characters in them.

He discovered in the hieroglyphic text the phonetic characters " p t o l m e s " ( in today's transliteration " p t w l m y s "), that were used to write the Greek name " Ptolemaios ".

This " Letter " marks the real breakthrough to reading Egyptian hieroglyphs, for not only the alphabet chart and the main text, but also the postscript in which Champollion notes that similar phonetic characters seemed to occur in not only Greek names but also native Egyptian names.

In that sense, Tocharian ( to some extent like the Greek and the Anatolian languages ) seems to have been an isolate in the " satem " ( i. e. palatovelar to sibilant ) phonetic regions of Indo-European-speaking populations.

Although it is sometimes referred to as Sancta Sophia ( as though it were named after Saint Sophia ), sophia is the phonetic spelling in Latin of the Greek word for wisdom – the full name in Greek being, " Shrine of the Holy Wisdom of God ".

Emic and etic are derived from the linguistic terms phonemic and phonetic respectively, which are in turn derived from Greek roots.

In phonetic use, there is no concern to reproduce Greek orthography, and the Greeklish is a phonetic transcription ( usually with English phonetic norms, sometimes with other languages ' like German ) of Greek words --- although often there is a mixture of the two.

In the Linear B ( Mycenean Greek ) script a symbol similar to a double-axe represents the phonetic sign a.

Despite attempts to explain some phonetic changes by the action of a Gaulish substratum, only one of them is sure, because this fact is clearly attested in the Gaulish language epigraphy, e. g.: on the potteries of la Graufesenque ( 1st c. AD ), there is the Latin word ( from Greek ) written paraxsid-i instead of paropsid-es.

The phonetic systems of Dacian and Thracian and their evolution are not reconstructed directly from indigenous elements but from their approximative Greek or Latin transcripts.

The length of this text is 109 letters ( ignoring the parenthetic note on Greek ), whereas the original text contains only 87 or 88 characters: Sams claimed the surplus letters are implied by phonetic shorthand.

Al-Risalah al-Kamiliyyah fil Siera al-Nabawiyyah ( The Treatise of Kamil on the Prophet's Biography ), known in English as Theologus Autodidactus ( which is a phonetic transliteration of the Greek name Θεολόγος Αυτοδίδακτος, meaning self-taught theologian ), written by the Arabian polymath Ibn al-Nafis ( 1213 – 1288 ), is the earliest known science fiction novel.

The term Youtai has similar phonetic sound of Yehudai, the Aramaic word for Jew, as well as Greek terms Jude or Judah.

This word, a phonetic transcription of the Greek word for a naval battle ( ναυμαχία / naumakhía ), has since come to also refer to the large artificial basins created for them.

Several Greek letters are used as phonetic symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ).

The glyph shapes used for these letters in specialized phonetic fonts is sometimes slightly different from the conventional shapes in Greek typography proper, with glyphs typically being more upright and using serifs, to make them conform more with the typographical character of other, Latin-based letters in the phonetic alphabet.

Nevertheless, in the Unicode encoding standard, the following three phonetic symbols are considered the same characters as the corresponding Greek letters proper:

However, with an international language with wide variations in its dialects, such as English, it would be impossible to represent the language in all its variations with a single phonetic alphabet.

Modern Bulgarian was based essentially on the Eastern dialects of the language, but its pronunciation is in many respects a compromise between East and West Bulgarian ( see especially the phonetic sections below ).

Transliteration systems are based on relating written symbols to one another, while transcription is the attempt to spell in one language the phonetic sounds of another.

It survives in this fixed form from the days of Old English ( having undergone, however, phonetic changes with the rest of the language ), in which it was constructed as "" + " me " ( the dative case of the personal pronoun ) + " thinks " ( i. e., " seems ", < Old English thyncan, " to seem ", a verb closely related to the verb thencan, " to think ", but distinct from it in Old English ; later it merged with " think " and lost this meaning ).

: the intelligible and the sensible, the spontaneous and the receptive, autonomy and heteronomy, the empirical and the transcendental, immanent and transcendent, as the interior and exterior, or the founded and the founder, normal and abnormal, phonetic and writing, analasis and synthesis, the literal sense and figurative meaning in language, reason and madness in psychoanalysis, the masculine and feminine in gender theory, man and animal in ecology, the beast and the sovereign in the political field, theory and practice as distinct dominions of thought itself.

Although the rules seem simple, it is hard to use classical hexameter in English, because English is a stress-timed language that condenses vowels and consonants between stressed syllables, while hexameter relies on the regular timing of the phonetic sounds.

Since the 1960s, a theory based on Linear B phonetic values suggests that Linear A language could be an Anatolian language, close to Luwian.

Studies by Hubert La Marle include a presentation of the morphology of the language, avoid the complete identification of phonetic values between Linear A and B, and also avoid comparing Linear A with Cretan Hieroglyphs.

Many of the signs are identical or similar to those in Linear A ; however, Linear A encoded a still unknown language and we cannot be sure that similar signs had similar phonetic values.

Part of the phonological study of a language therefore involves looking at data ( phonetic transcriptions of the speech of native speakers ) and trying to deduce what the underlying phonemes are and what the sound inventory of the language is.

Sound change includes any processes of language change that affect pronunciation ( phonetic change ) or sound system structures ( phonological change ).

* 1446: King Sejong the Great published a hangul, the native phonetic alphabet system for the Korean language.

Most phonetic algorithms were developed for use with the English language ; consequently, applying the rules to words in other languages might not give a meaningful result.

Metaphone 3 further improves phonetic encoding of words in the English language, non-English words familiar to Americans, and first names and family names commonly found in the United States.

Other aspects of the voice, such as variations in the regularity of vibration, are also used for communication, and are important for the trained voice user to master, but are more rarely used in the formal phonetic code of a spoken language.

For instance, the Burmese language has phonetic tone, but each of its three tones is accompanied by a distinctive phonation ( creaky, murmured or plain vowels ).

A text-to-speech ( TTS ) system converts normal language text into speech ; other systems render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech.

The Shavian alphabet ( also known as Shaw alphabet ) is an alphabet conceived as a way to provide simple, phonetic orthography for the English language to replace the difficulties of the conventional spelling.

There are some differences of opinion among Coptic language scholars on the correct phonetic interpretation of the writing system of Coptic.

Opponents of simplified spellings point to the impossibility of phonetic spelling for a language with many diverse accents and dialects.