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pope and addition
In addition to the named cardinals, the pope may name secret cardinals or cardinals in pectore ( Latin for in the breast ).
One of the most famous Imperial coronation ceremonies was that of Napoleon, crowning himself Emperor in the presence of Pope Pius VII ( who had blessed the regalia ), at the Notre Dame de Paris | Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. The painting by Jacques-Louis David | David commemorating the event is equally famous: the gothic cathedral restyled Empire ( style ) | style Empire, supervised by the Letizia Ramolino | mother of the Emperor on the balcony ( a fictional addition, while she had not been present at the ceremony ), the pope positioned near the altar, Napoleon proceeds to crown his then wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais as Empress.
In addition, he petitioned the pope to expand the rights of the Archbishops of Bremen and Magdeburg in the area.
This was the occasion when the clergy were forced, at a cost of 100, 000 pounds, to purchase the king's pardon for having recognized Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's authority as legate of the pope ; and at the same time to acknowledge Henry as Supreme Head of the Church in England, to which phrase, but the addition of the clause " so far as God's law permits " was made through Fisher's efforts.
In addition to the bronze statue of Perseus and the medallions already referred to, the works of art in existence today are a medallion of Clement VII commemorating the peace between the Christian princes, 1530, with a bust of the pope on the reverse and a figure of Peace setting fire to a heap of arms in front of the temple of Janus, signed with the artist's name ; a signed portrait medal of Francis ; a medal of Cardinal Pietro Bembo ; and the celebrated gold, enamel and ivory salt-cellar ( known as Saliera ) made for Francis I of France at Vienna.
In addition to the customary inscription, the coat of arms of the pope who had the ornament made, and that of he who blessed and conferred it, are engraved on the pedestal.
In addition to the decree in 1274 that the electors should be locked in seclusion, Gregory X also limited each cardinal elector to two servants, and rationed their food progressively on the fourth and ninth days should they fail to elect a new pope.
The pope also sent a letter ( Quia te zelo ) to Svatopluk, urging him to accept the addition of filioque to the Creed and to give up such peculiar Byzantine practices as fasting on Saturday.
An estimated total of four million people, in addition to the over three million residents of Rome, were expected to make the pilgrimage to see the pope.
For at least 800 years, each pope has had his own personal coat of arms, in addition to the coat of arms of the Holy See.

pope and being
In abbeys exempt from the ( arch ) bishop's diocesan jurisdiction, the confirmation and benediction had to be conferred by the pope in person, the house being taxed with the expenses of the new abbot's journey to Rome.
The English had been involved, both politically and militarily, in Ireland since being given the Lordship of Ireland by the pope in 1171.
Cardinals have in canon law a " privilege of forum " ( i. e., exemption from being judged by ecclesiastical tribunals of ordinary rank ): only the pope is competent to judge them in matters subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction ( cases that refer to matters that are spiritual or linked with the spiritual, or with regard to infringement of ecclesiastical laws and whatever contains an element of sin, where culpability must be determined and the appropriate ecclesiastical penalty imposed ).
Callixtus I is elected as the sixteenth pope, but is opposed by the theologian Hippolytus who accuses him of laxity and of being a Modalist, one who denies any distinction between the three persons of the Trinity.
The Totentanz of Metnitz, for example, shows how a pope crowned with his mitre is being led into Hell by the dancing Death.
But Owtred believed it sinful to say that temporal power might deprive a priest, even an unrighteous one, of his temporalities ; Wycliffe regarded it as a sin to incite the pope to excommunicate laymen who had deprived clergy of their temporalities, his dictum being that a man in a state of sin had no claim upon government.
Although the pope was duly notified of all proceedings, the Holy See still regarded these dioceses as vacant due to papal permission not being sought.
The Pope derives his pontificate from being Bishop of Rome but is not required to live there ; according to the Latin formula ubi Papa, ibi Curia, wherever the Pope resides is the central government of the Church, provided that the pope is Bishop of Rome.
Far from being a mere " stop gap " pope, to great excitement, John called an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council ( Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century ).
He was one of only two men known to have served as Camerlengo immediately prior to being elected as pope ( the other being Pope Leo XIII ).
Upon being elected pope he was also formally the Grand Master of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, prefect of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office, prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Oriental Churches and prefect of the Sacred Consistorial Congregation.
In the most common accounts, due to her abilities, she rises through the church hierarchy, eventually being elected pope.
While in Rome he assisted at a council then being held concerning certain questions on " the life and monastic peace of monks ", and, on his departure, took with him to England the decree of the council together with letters from the pope to Lawrence, Archbishop of Canterbury, and to all the clergy, to King Ethelbert of Kent, and to all the English people " concerning what was to be observed by the Church of England ".
Dante settled his score with Boniface in Part One of the Divine Comedy, the Inferno, by damning the pope even before his death in 1303 ( the poet set the time of the poem as being in the year 1300 ) in the pit of those whose sin was simony.
This pope, being a remarkably skillful and learned lawyer, caused to be prepared Nova Compilatio decretalium, which was promulgated in numerous copies in 1234.
At that time, a conclave was already being held to elect a successor to the recently-deceased pope.
Stephen was created cardinal-priest of Santi Quattro Coronati by Marinus I, and his obvious holiness was the cause of his being chosen pope.
According to the late 13th century chronicler Martin of Opava, Stephen VIII was described as being a German, who was elected pope due to the power and influence of his royal relative, the German king Otto I. Martin states that Otto ignored the will of the cardinals in imposing Stephen upon them, and because Stephen was hated for being a German, he was taken by supporters of Alberic II, who proceeded to maim and disfigure him to such an extent that Stephen was unable to appear in public again.
He was ordained as a subdeacon by Pope Marinus I, followed by his being raised to the deaconate by Pope Stephen V. During the pontificate of Pope Formosus ( 891 – 896 ), he was a member of the party of nobles who supported the Emperor Lambert, who was the opponent of Formosus and the pope ’ s preferred imperial candidate, Arnulf of Carinthia.
Julius was not the first pope to have fathered children before being elevated to the Chair of St Peter.
Aubrey threatened that Stephen would complain to the pope that he was being harassed by the English church, and the council let the matter rest following an unsuccessful appeal to Rome.
Laws passed by the Commission must be approved by the pope through the Secretariat of State prior to being published and taking effect.

pope and Bishop
The pope, as Bishop of Rome, may open a process and has the authority to waive the five year waiting period, as was done for Mother Teresa by Pope John Paul II, and for Lúcia Santos and for John Paul II himself by Pope Benedict XVI.
Originally, however, this referred to certain key priests of important churches of the Diocese of Rome, who were recognized as the cardinal priests, the important priests chosen by the pope to advise him in his duties as Bishop of Rome ( the Latin cardo means " hinge ").
The pope ( from ; from ( pappas ), a child's word for father ) is the Bishop of Rome and the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.
" On 10 June 1941, the pope commented on the problems of the Reichskonkordat in a letter to the Bishop of Passau, in Bavaria: " The history of the Reichskonkordat shows, that the other side lacked the most basic prerequisites to accept minimal freedoms and rights of the Church, without which the Church simply cannot live and operate, formal agreements notwithstanding ".
Among his first acts as pope were the restitution of Formosus as Cardinal Bishop of Portus and the anathematizing of Photius.
During the pontificate of Boniface, Mellitus, the first Bishop of London, went to Rome " to consult the pope on important matters relative to the newly established English Church ".
His notable acts as pope include the unprecedented privilege of empowering Francis of Apt, a Franciscan friar, to confer the clerical tonsure and minor orders on Louis of Toulouse ( who would later become Bishop of Toulouse ), the son of the King of Sicily.
After Constantine ’ s death on 9 April 715, Gregory was elected pope, and was consecrated as Bishop of Rome on 19 May 715.
He was elected pope by popular acclamation on 11 February 731, but was not formally consecrated as Bishop of Rome until 18 March after receiving the approval of the Byzantine exarch in Ravenna.
The Vatican legal system is rooted in canon law but ultimately is decided by the pope ; the Bishop of Rome as the Supreme Pontiff, " has the fullness of legislative, executive and judicial powers.
The Bishop of Avignon was chancellor of the university from 1303 to 1475, after 1475 the bishop became and Archbishop, but remained chancellor of the university. The papal vice-legate, generally a bishop, represented the civil power ( in this case the pope ) and was chiefly a judicial officer, ranking higher than the Primicerius ( Rector ).
It is said by some sources that Wallace travelled to France and fought for the French King against the English during their own ongoing war while Bishop Lamberton of St Andrews, who gave much support to the Scottish cause, went and spoke to the pope.
As pope, he continued the policy of his predecessor Leo who, in his contest with Hilary of Arles, had obtained from Valentinian III a famous rescript of 445 confirming the supremacy of the Bishop of Rome.
Silvanus, Bishop of Calahorra, had violated the church laws by his episcopal ordinations, and the pope was asked for his decision.
The bearer of their letter to the pope was the presbyter Irenaeus, soon to become Bishop of Lyon.
Four bishops ( Henri Arnauld, Bishop of Angers ( brother of Antoine and Angélique Arnauld ); Nicolas Choart de Buzenval, Bishop of Beauvais ; François-Étienne Caulet, Bishop of Pamiers ; and Nicolas Pavillon, Bishop of Alet ) sided with Port-Royal, arguing that the French Assembly of the Clergy could not command French Catholics to subscribe to something which was not required by the pope.
Clement agreed, and appointed César d ' Estrées, Bishop of Laon as mediator in the matter ( he was to be assisted by two bishops who had signed the letter to the pope, Louis Henri de Pardaillan de Gondrin, Archbishop of Sens and Félix Vialart de Herse, Bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne ).
Pope John XXII himself held heterodox views about the Last Judgement and was a very political pope asserting excessive authority over the Emperor whilst continuing to maintain the Avignon exile, itself a scandal to the Papacy since the Pope must be Bishop of Rome and must, by canon law, live in his Diocese.

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