It is an accepted juridical principle in California that a Superior Court decision does not constitute a binding legal precedent.

Therefore, the third principle of the plan must be that it does not depend for effectiveness on engagement by the same types, unless at an assured favorable exchange rate.

Also, as we now know, bosons also have antiparticles, but since bosons do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle ( only fermions do ), hole theory does not work for them.

However, he does not immediately show what this principle might be.

In lawyer lingo, hornbook law or black letter law is a fundamental and well-accepted legal principle that does not require any further explanation, since a hornbook is a primer of basics.

Cardozo continues to adhere to the original principle of Winterbottom, that " absurd and outrageous consequences " must be avoided, and he does so by drawing a new line in the last sentence quoted above: " There must be knowledge of a danger, not merely possible, but probable.

Inflation answers the classic conundrum of the Big Bang cosmology: why does the universe appear flat, homogeneous, and isotropic in accordance with the cosmological principle when one would expect, on the basis of the physics of the Big Bang, a highly curved, heterogeneous universe?

The Vedic literature, Srimad-Bhagavatam, reject from its very beginning kaitava-dharma or false philosophy, thus it frankly speaks about the principle of material life, and it does have a meaningful relation to celibacy.

Second, he does not say that his existence is necessary ; he says that if he thinks, then necessarily he exists ( see the instantiation principle ).

Also, the cascading principle acknowledges that several low hurdles does not make a high hurdle.

This principle does not prevent the government from appealing a pre-trial motion to dismiss or other non-merits dismissal, or a directed verdict after a jury conviction, nor does it prevent the trial judge from entertaining a motion for reconsideration of a directed verdict, if the jurisdiction has so provided by rule or statute.

Nor does it prevent the government from retrying the defendant after an appellate reversal other than for sufficiency, including habeas, or " thirteenth juror " appellate reversals notwithstanding sufficiency on the principle that jeopardy has not " terminated.

The guiding principle for the qualification of Dublin Core elements, colloquially known as the Dumb-Down Principle, states that an application that does not understand a specific element refinement term should be able to ignore the qualifier and treat the metadata value as if it were an unqualified ( broader ) element.

Merleau-Ponty and others question whether Husserl here does not undercut his own position, in that Husserl had attacked in principle historicism, while specifically designing his phenomenology to be rigorous enough to transcend the limits of history.

This argument is embodied in the Copernican principle, which states that the Earth does not occupy a unique position in the Universe, and the mediocrity principle, which holds that there is nothing special about life on Earth.

The foundational principle of EVM, mentioned above, does not depend on the size or complexity of the project.

Unlike many object-oriented languages, but like Smalltalk, Eiffel does not permit any assignment into fields of objects, except within the features of an object, which is the practical application of the principle of information hiding or data abstraction, requiring formal interfaces for data mutation.

The Euclidean algorithm is based on the principle that the greatest common divisor of two numbers does not change if the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number.

The economist Walter Block observed critically that while The Road to Serfdom is " a war cry against central planning ," it does show some reservations with a free market system and laissez-faire capitalism, with Hayek even going so far as to say that " probably nothing has done so much harm to the liberal cause as the wooden insistence of some liberals on certain rules of thumb, above all the principle of laissez-faire.

" Nowadays, as Hezbollah scholar Magnus Ranstorp reports, Hezbollah does indeed have a formal governing structure, and in keeping with the principle of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists ( velayat-e faqih ), it " concentrate ... all authority and powers " in its religious leaders, whose decisions then " flow from the ulama down the entire community.

However, this article provides an interesting discussion of the limitations of the principle and also of different scientists ' views as to whether it is an accurate representation of reality or whether " Huygens ' principle actually does give the right answer but for the wrong reasons ".

Jewish law includes several considerations whose effects are similar to those of modern intellectual property laws, though the notion of intellectual creations as property does not seem to exist – notably the principle of Hasagat Ge ' vul ( unfair encroachment ) was used to justify limited-term publisher ( but not author ) copyright in the 16th century.

) The concept of nationalism is the political principle that epitomizes and glorifies the territorial state as the characteristic type of socal structure.

When, in 1832, the South Carolina nullifiers adopted the principle of state interposition which Madison had advanced in his old Virginia Resolve, they elicited no encouragement from that senior statesman.

Religion usually also includes a principle of compensation, mainly in a promised perfect future state.

To the extent that the jurisdictional principle of 1875 stands unmodified by subsequent legislation, federal equitable relief against state action must be available -- or so it seems to Mr. Justice Frankfurter.

This is the feed state of the subsequent Af stages which, according to the principle of optimality, must use an optimal Af-stage policy with respect to this state.

Since by the principle of optimality the remaining stages use an optimal Af-stage policy with respect to Af, we may enter section Af of the table at this state Af and read off the optimal policy for stage Af and the resulting state Af.

In any case, anyone who fails to make significant distinction between primary and secondary applications of economic pressure would in principle already have justified that use of economic boycott as a means which broke out a few years ago or was skillfully organized by White Citizens' Councils in the entire state of Mississippi against every local Philco dealer in that state, in protest against a Philco-sponsored program over a national TV network on which was presented a drama showing, it seemed, a `` high yellow gal '' smooching with a white man.

And due to the double jeopardy principle, the state or prosecution may never appeal a jury or bench verdict of acquittal.

In quantum field theory, this process is allowed only as an intermediate quantum state for times short enough that the violation of energy conservation can be accommodated by the uncertainty principle.

The welfare state principle, which obliged the state to ensure a rightful social system, can be also

This principle holds that what makes a state conscious is the individual being aware of being in that state.

Inspired by John Locke, the fundamental constitutional principle is that the individual can do anything but that which is forbidden by law, while the state may do nothing but that which is authorized by law.

The Pauli exclusion principle requires the electron to be lifted into the higher anti-bonding state of that bond.

Although classical liberals aspired to a minimum of state activity, they accepted the principle of government intervention in the economy from the early 19th century with passage of the Factory Acts.

There is a contemporary issue of coins suggestive of an imperial adventus ( arrival ) for the city, but some modern historians state that Diocletian avoided the city, and that he did so on principle, as the city and its Senate were no longer politically relevant to the affairs of the Empire and needed to be taught as much.

Bellamy's vision of a country relieved of its social ills through abandonment of the principle of competition and establishment of state ownership of industry proved an appealing panacea to a generation of intellectuals alienated from the dark side of Gilded Age America.

In principle, claim market socialists, socialist managers of state enterprises could use a price system, as an accounting system, in order to minimize costs and convey information to other managers.

Further analysis of this process, known as electromagnetic induction, enabled him to state the principle, now known as Faraday's law of induction, that the potential difference induced in a closed circuit is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop.

A program launched in the city of Cleveland in 1995 and authorized by the state of Ohio was challenged in court on the grounds that it violated both the federal constitutional principle of separation of church and state and the guarantee of religious liberty in the Ohio Constitution.