The 3DMark measurement unit is intended to give a normalized mean for comparing different PC hardware configurations ( mostly graphics processing units and central processing units ), which proponents such as gamers and overclocking enthusiasts assert is indicative of end-user performance capabilities.

While the majority of researchers believe that bee dances give enough information to locate resources, proponents of the odor plume theory argue that the dance gives no actual guidance to a nectar source.

The protest created a wide spectrum of responses in the media and in public perception, from being labelled a dangerous stunt representative of an increasingly lawless, anarchic society to being considered a successful signal to authorities to give more weight to the demands and the public backing of the walk and cycleway proponents.

According to Dan Emerson of Dog Channel. com, proponents of dog parks cite the following benefits: " They promote responsible pet ownership and the enforcement of dog-control laws ; give dogs a place to exercise safely, thus reducing barking and other problem behaviors ; provide seniors and disabled owners with an accessible place to exercise their companions ; and provide an area for community-building socializing.

Some street newspaper proponents believe that the primary aim of the papers should be to give homeless individuals a voice and to " fill the void " in mainstream media coverage, whereas others believe it should be to provide homeless individuals with jobs and an income.

With promises from prominent nationalists as proponents of Irish heritage that they would give him whatever limited financial support they could, and, when applicable, would enrol their children in his school, Pearse established his school, which officially opened on September 8, 1908, in Cullenswood House, Ranelagh, a suburb of Dublin.

In late 1793, Robespierre delivered a fiery denunciation of the Cult and its proponents and proceeded to give his own vision of proper Revolutionary religion.

The proponents argued that municipality was purchasing the venue with a much higher value than what they had sold, while the opponents argued that it was not the municipality's responsibility to give financial first-aid to a professional sports club.

According to proponents, TFA could drastically reduce the incidence of online identity theft, and other online fraud, because the victim's password would no longer be enough to give a thief permanent access to their information.

DTS proponents claim that the extra bits give higher fidelity and more dynamic range, providing a richer and more lifelike sound.

" Through Methodism, Wesley's teachings also inspire a large scholarly following, with vocal proponents including J. Kenneth Grider, Stanley Hauerwas, Thomas Oden, Thomas Jay Oord, and William Willimon.

After its inception, Ido gained support from some in the Esperanto community, but following the sudden death in 1914 of one of its most influential proponents, Louis Couturat, it declined in popularity.

Acknowledging that it is usually impossible to have entirely risk-free sex with another person, proponents of safe sex recommend that some of the following methods be used to minimize the risks of STI transmission and unwanted pregnancy.

In the 1970s, Deming's philosophy was summarized by some of his Japanese proponents with the following ' a '- versus -' b ' comparison:

Moreover, some proponents point to recent research on the increase in cranial compliance following on trepanation, with resulting increase in blood flow, as providing some justification for the practice.

He made his first television appearance in a debate over the existence of flying saucers following a spate of sightings in the 1950s ; Moore argued against Lord Dowding and a few other UFO proponents.

Since the U. S. Civil War, the powers of the federal government have generally expanded greatly, although there have been periods since that time of legislative branch dominance ( e. g., the decades immediately following the Civil War ) or when states ' rights proponents have succeeded in limiting federal power through legislative action, executive prerogative or by constitutional interpretation by the courts.

In a special report broadcast on Fox News Channel on 31 December 2007, Former CWA President Wendy Wright made the following claim regarding proponents of comprehensive sexual education:

The leash proponents defend the leash as a useful convenience and as insurance against losing the surfboard, a form of flotation device, in case of a wipe out, and the leash is a means for the fallen surfer to find one's way to the surface air by following the leash cord to the floating surfboard.

The following speculative rationale is offered by proponents of an overuse theory of etiology: The extensor carpi radialis brevis has a small origin and does transmit large forces through its tendon during repetitive grasping.

The leash proponents defend the leash as a useful convenience and as insurance against losing the surfboard, a form of flotation device, in case of a ' wipe out ', and the leash is a means for the fallen surfer to find his way to the surface air by following the leash cord to the floating surfboard above him on the water surface.

Although various Christians read them in different ways ( some in non-substitutionary ways ), the following Biblical passages are sometimes put forwards as key texts by proponents of substitutionary atonement theories:

The following points and scriptures are largely agreed upon by all proponents to be the basis of the Serpent Seed doctrine, although variations do occur as mentioned above.

A minority of proponents of a natural explanation have attributed Bigfoot to animals that are not apes such as the giant ground sloth.

Intelligent design proponents attribute to an intelligent designer those biological structures they believe are irreducibly complex and whereof they say a natural explanation is insufficient to account for them.

Rushton has been one of the proponents for the explanation that racial differences in IQ are partially related to genetic inheritance.

By contrast, proponents of the five-factor approach assume a role of genetics and environment but offer no explicit causal explanation.

Most subsequent proponents did not stand by Bates ' explanation of how the eye focuses mechanically, but nonetheless maintained that relieving a habitual " strain " was the key to improving sight.

According to proponents of the Oral Torah, the explanation however, was not allowed to be written down.

Although such proponents of the atomic theory as Amedeo Avogadro and Ludwig Boltzmann made great advances in explaining the behavior of gases, this dispute was not finally settled until Jean Perrin's experimental investigation of Einstein's atomic explanation of Brownian motion in the first decade of the 20th century.

In 2005, intelligent design proponents arguments regarding the identity of a designer became an issue considered by the court in Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, the " Dover trial ," where plaintiffs successfully argued that intelligent design is a form of creationism, and that the school board policy requiring the presentation of intelligent design as an alternative to evolution as an " explanation of the origin of life " thus violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

While its critics have questioned its feasibility, proponents argue that applications in industry, biology and human sciences research have already proven the validity of the original concept.

Many proponents of Physics First argue that turning this order around lays the foundations for better understanding of chemistry, which in turn will lead to more comprehension of biology.

Therefore, proponents say, smoking bans exist to protect breathing people from the effects of second-hand smoke, which include an increased risk of heart disease, cancer, emphysema, and other diseases.

While toxic in large quantities, proponents claim that it is effective in cancer treatment and prevention despite a lack of scientific evidence .< ref >

The Thailand Breast Slap was proposed by beautician Khemmikka Na Sonkhla, who reported that her grandmother used the technique to augment her own bust ; proponents also claim it reduces the risk of breast cancer.

Ewing became known also as one of the first proponents of radiation therapy for cancer, having founded the National Radium Institute in 1913, together with James Douglas, a mining engineer.

The major difference between this hypothesis and the single-cause hypotheses is that its proponents view the suggested single causes as either not sufficient in strength to cause the extinctions or not likely to produce the taxonomic pattern of the extinction.

Although the more radical consequences of the global communication network predicted by some cyberspace proponents ( i. e. the diminishing of state influence envisioned by John Perry Barlow ) failed to materialize and the word lost some of its novelty appeal, it remains current as of 2006.

At first a number of leading Esperantists put their support behind the Ido project, but the movement stagnated and declined, first with the accidental death of one of its main proponents and later as people proposed further changes, and the number of current speakers is estimated at between 250 and 5000.

Having achieved some of its goals, among them the establishment of state funding for the film industry and renewed international recognition for German films, the New German Cinema had begun to show signs of fatigue by the 1980s, even though many of its proponents continued to enjoy individual success.

The act is also referred to as the Buckley Amendment, for one of its proponents, Senator James L. Buckley of New York.

" He claimed that " it actually was coined to describe the guitars-heavy, downtuned, bleak, harsh riffing guitars ' grind ', so that's what the genre was described as, by the musicians who were its innovators proponents.

But, this is in sharp contrast with the contextually relative interpretation of historicism that its proponents argue for.

In The Open Society and Its Enemies, Popper attacks " historicism " and its proponents, among whom ( as well as Hegel ) he identifies and singles out Plato and Marx — calling them all " enemies of the open society ".

So bitter was the conflict that a number of natural rights proponents withdrew from the pages of Liberty in protest even though they had hitherto been among its frequent contributors.

ID seeks to redefine science in a fundamental way that would invoke supernatural explanations, an approach its proponents describe as theistic realism or theistic science.

In 1977, Falwell supported Anita Bryant's campaign, which was called by its proponents " Save Our Children ", to overturn an ordinance in Dade County, Florida prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, and he supported a similar movement in California.

Some proponents of this view of language have advocated a formal approach which studies language structure by identifying its basic elements and then formulating a formal account of the rules according to which the elements combine to form words and sentences.

" By the late 1970s, its ideas were so generally recognized to be seriously defective that one of its own main proponents, A. J. Ayer, could say in an interview: " I suppose the most important ... was that nearly all of it was false.

This view regards memetics as a theory in its infancy: a protoscience to proponents, or a pseudoscience to some detractors.

In fact, modernism flourished mainly in consumer / capitalist societies, despite the fact that its proponents often rejected consumerism itself.

Meritocracy has also been criticized by egalitarians as a mere myth which serves only to justify the status quo, with its proponents only giving lip service to equality.

Thus, Wicca in particular is sometimes referred to by its proponents as " The Old Religion ", a term popularised by Margaret Murray in the 1920s, while Germanic neopaganism is referred to in some of its varieties as Forn Sed (" Old Custom ").

In 1978, Paul Thagard proposed that pseudoscience is primarily distinguishable from science when it is less progressive than alternative theories over a long period of time, and its proponents fail to acknowledge or address problems with the theory.

This was because Honorius was not considered by the supporters of infallibility to be speaking ex cathedra in the letters in question ( although the Roman historian Hefele and opponents of the definition believed that Honorius had spoken ex cathedra ), and he was alleged to have never been condemned as a Monothelite, nor, asserted the proponents of infallibility, was he condemned for teaching heresy, but rather for gross negligence and a lax leadership at a time when his letters and guidance were in a position to quash the heresy at its roots.

The United States Armed Forces maintains that what was recovered was debris from an experimental high-altitude weather and surveillance balloon belonging to a classified program named " Mogul " however, many UFO proponents maintain that an alien craft was found and its occupants were captured, and that the military then engaged in a cover-up.