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Page "John, King of England" ¶ 86
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rebel and barons
Over the course of his reign a combination of higher taxes, unsuccessful wars and conflict with the Pope had made King John unpopular with his barons, and in 1215 some of the most important decided to rebel against him.
John died of dysentery contracted whilst on campaign in eastern England during late 1216 ; supporters of his son Henry III went on to achieve victory over Louis and the rebel barons the following year.
Within a few months of John's return, rebel barons in the north and east of England were organising resistance to his rule.
Letters of support from the pope arrived in April but by then the rebel barons had organised.
John instructed Langton to organise peace talks with the rebel barons.
A council of twenty-five neutral barons would be created to monitor and ensure John's future adherence to the charter, whilst the rebel army would stand down and London would be surrendered to the king.
Neither John nor the rebel barons seriously attempted to implement the peace accord.
The rebel barons suspected that the proposed baronial council would be unacceptable to John and that he would challenge the legality of the charter ; they packed the baronial council with their own hardliners and refused to demobilise their forces or surrender London as agreed.
Innocent obliged ; he declared the charter " not only shameful and demeaning, but illegal and unjust " and excommunicated the rebel barons.
The rebels lacked the engineering expertise or heavy equipment necessary to assault the network of royal castles that cut off the northern rebel barons from those in the south.
John's strategy was to isolate the rebel barons in London, protect his own supply lines to his key source of mercenaries in Flanders, prevent the French from landing in the south-east, and then win the war through slow attrition.
Louis and the rebel barons advanced west and John retreated, spending the summer reorganising his defences across the rest of the kingdom.
Interpretations of Magna Carta and the role of the rebel barons in 1215 have been significantly revised: although the charter's symbolic, constitutional value for later generations is unquestionable, in the context of John's reign most historians now consider it a failed peace agreement between " partisan " factions.
* Queen Maria of Sicily defeats an army of rebel barons.
* Battle of Val-ès-Dunes: William the Conqueror, with assistance from King Henry I of France, secures control of Normandy by defeating the rebel Norman barons at Caen.
In spite of his advanced age ( around 70 ) he prosecuted the war against Prince Louis and the rebel barons with remarkable energy.
He served Richard and John loyally, defending the latter against the French and English rebel barons in the First Barons ' War.
The First Barons ' War began in 1215 between King John and a faction of rebel barons opposed to his rule.
The English royalist forces at the Battle of Evesham in 1265 used a red cross on their uniforms to distinguish themselves from the white crosses used by the rebel barons at the Battle of Lewes a year earlier.
In 1216, a group of rebel barons invited Louis VIII of France to come and take the English crown.
While he held in check his rebel vassals in France, the loyal barons in England defeated his enemies there.
In 1118 a powerful coalition of Norman counts and barons were sufficiently disenchanted with King Henry to ally with Count Baldwin and rebel.
Edward II also used the castle as a jail in his campaign against his rebellious barons in 1322, and after the battle of Boroughbridge many of the defeated rebel leaders were executed at York Castle.
When civil war broke out in England in 1215, he supported the rebel barons and ferried Prince Louis of France across the Channel to help them in 1216.

rebel and responded
Once the rebel forces had besieged Damascus, the French military responded with brutal counter-insurgency techniques that prefigured those that would be used later in Algeria and Indo-China.
When in 413 BC, Athens supported the rebel Amorges in Caria, Darius would not have responded had not the Athenian power been broken in the same year at Syracuse.
On April 1958, central government responded by launching airborne and seaborne military invasions on Padang and Manado, the rebel capitals.
It is said that, near the border, a rebel soldier, not hiding his tears and rage, responded to someone who offered him a glass of wine: “ Why do I want wine?
When the regiment came under heavy attack from the Confederate 15th Alabama regiment, part of the division led by Maj. Gen. John Bell Hood, the 20th Maine ran low on ammunition after one and a half hours of continued fighting ; it responded to the sight of rebel infantry forming again for yet another push at them by charging downhill with fixed bayonets, surprising and scattering the Confederates, thus ending the attack on the hill.
The viceroy responded to de Courcy by pointing out that Father Chapdelaine had already violated Chinese law by preaching Christianity in the interior ( the 1844 treaty signed with France only permitted for the propagation of Christianity in the 5 treaty ports opened to the French ), he also claimed that the priest was in a rebel territory and that many of his converts had already been arrested for acts of treason, and the viceroy further claimed that Father Chapdelaine's mission had nothing in common with the propagation of religion.
In County Wicklow, news of the rising spread panic and fear among loyalists ; they responded by massacring rebel suspects held in custody at Dunlavin Green and in Carnew.
According to Saif al-Islam, he made recorded calls to General Abdul Fatah Younis, who later defected to the rebel forces, in order to request not to use force against protesters, to which Younis responded that they are attacking a military site, where surprised guards fired in self-defence.
Gordon responded that he would rather die, than grant any title to the rebel leader unless he had travelled to Cairo and sworn allegiance to the Khedive.

rebel and by
I insisted on takeing the field and prevailed -- thinking that I had better die by rebel bullets than ( by ) Union quackery ''.
The Laos government said four major Pathet Lao rebel attacks had been launched, heavily supported by troops from Communist North Viet Nam.
From the mid-1980s through at least 1992, the United States was the primary source of military and other support for the UNITA rebel movement, which was led from its creation through 2002 by Jonas Savimbi.
* Byronic hero, an archetypal " rebel " in literature, described by Byron in 1812, with attitudes similar to those with angst in modernity.
Australia, now captained by Allan Border, had themselves been weakened by a rebel South African tour, the loss of Terry Alderman being a particular factor.
The situation became unstable and, in the following year, being led by what he afterwards discovered to be false representations, Afonso declared Peter a rebel and defeated his army in the Battle of Alfarrobeira, in which his uncle ( and father-in-law ) was killed.
In 927, Abd-ar-Rahman also launched a campaign against the rebel Banu Qasi clan, but was forced to break it off by the intervention of King Jimeno Garcés of Pamplona.
In some cases, however, people that were conquered by the Muslims would rebel and revert to prior forms of worship.
The current President of Burundi is Pierre Nkurunziza, a former rebel leader of the Hutu National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy who was elected unopposed as the new President of Burundi by the parliament on 19 August 2005.
It ends with a visit to Hezekiah by envoys from a rebel prince of Babylon, and Isaiah's words prophesying the Babylonian exile.
Since October 1998, Chadian Movement for Justice and Democracy ( MDJT ) rebels, led by Youssuf Togoimi until his death in September 2002, have skirmished with government troops in the Tibesti region, resulting in hundreds of civilian, government, and rebel casualties, but little ground won or lost.
Chad insists that both rebel groups are supported by the Sudanese government.
The government was deposed in 15 March 2003 by forces under the rebel leader François Bozizé, who promised elections in 18 to 30 months.
In China during the Tang Dynasty, cannibalism was supposedly resorted to by rebel forces early in the period ( who were said to raid neighboring areas for victims to eat ), as well as both soldiers and civilians besieged during the rebellion of An Lushan.
In 1683, the Qing staged an amphibious assault on southern Taiwan, bringing down the rebel Grand Duchy of Tungning, which was founded by the Ming loyalist Koxinga in 1662 after the fall of the Southern Ming, and had served as a base for continued Ming resistance in Southern China.
In addition, the navy's riverine brigade has been patrolling waterways more aggressively in order to establish safer river transport in the more remote areas in the south and east of the country that are controlled by rebel groups.
The horse mounted infantry of the Scouts were effective and reportedly feared by their opponents in the rebel African forces.
A fast attack boat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam | rebel LTTE in Sri Lanka in 2003 passes the hulk of an LTTE supply ship that had been sunk by government aircraft, Sri Lankan Civil War ( 1983-2009 )
A cease-fire was signed on 10 July 1999 by the DROC, Zimbabwe, Angola, Uganda, Namibia, Rwanda, and Congolese armed rebel groups, but fighting continued.
In 1595 the Spanish, frustrated by the twenty year rebellion of their Dutch subjects, closed their home ports to rebel shipping from the Netherlands cutting them off from the critical salt supplies necessary for their herring industry.
* 2005 – The civil war in Chad begins when rebel groups, allegedly backed by neighbouring Sudan, launch an attack in Adré.
" His figure was that of a robust, large-framed man, worn down by confinement and hard fare ; but he was now recovering his flesh and spirits ; and a suit of blue clothes, with a gold laced hat that had been presented to him by the gentlement of Cork, enabled him to make a very passable appearance for a rebel colonel ...

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