Within this frame of reference policies appropriate to claims advanced in the name of the Jews depend upon which Jewish identity is involved, as well as upon the nature of the claim, the characteristics of the claimant, the justifications proposed, and the predispositions of the community decision makers who are called upon to act.

Although there is no reference to reincarnation in the Talmud or any prior writings, according to rabbis such as Rabbi Avraham Arieh Trugman, reincarnation is recognized as being part and parcel of Jewish tradition.

" Chaplin replaced the Tramp ( while wearing similar attire ) with " A Jewish Barber ", a reference to the Nazi party's belief that the star was a Jew.

The paradigmatic case was, of course, the Jewish diaspora ; some dictionary definitions of diaspora, until recently, did not simply illustrate but defined the word with reference to that case.

The reference to Passover twice in the same year might refer to the geographical diversity that existed at that time in the Jewish calendar, due in large measure to the breakdown of communications in the Empire.

The Jewish day is modeled on the reference to "... there was evening and there was morning ..." in the Creation account in the first chapter of Genesis.

The Jewish calendar's reference point is traditionally held to be about one year before the Genesis creation myth | Creation of the world.

The Jewish calendar's epoch ( reference date ), 1 Tishrei 1 AM, is equivalent to Monday, 7 October 3761 BCE in the proleptic Julian calendar, the equivalent tabular date ( same daylight period ) and is about one year before the traditional Jewish date of Creation on 25 Elul AM 1, based upon the Seder Olam Rabbah of Rabbi Yossi ben Halafta, a 2nd century CE sage.

However, a few scholars still question the authenticity of the reference, based on various arguments, but primarily based on the observation that various details in The Jewish War differ from it.

Rabbi Bradley Artson, Dean of the Rabbinic School at American Jewish University claims to have studied every reference he could find to homosexual activity mentioned in ancient Greek and Latin writers.

According to Procopius, Justinian stated at the completion of this edifice, " Solomon I have outdone thee " ( in reference to the 1st Jewish temple ).

Josephus claims the Jewish Messianic prophecies that initiated the First Roman-Jewish War made reference to Vespasian becoming Emperor of Rome.

He refers to the Sadducees, Jewish High Priests of the time, Pharisees and Essenes, the Herodian Temple, Quirinius ' census and the Zealots, and to such figures as Pontius Pilate, Herod the Great, Agrippa I and Agrippa II, John the Baptist, James the brother of Jesus, and a centuries-long disputed reference to Jesus ( for more see Josephus on Jesus ).

It is used throughout the Hebrew Bible in reference to a wide variety of individuals and objects ; for example, a Jewish king, Jewish priests, and prophets, the Jewish Temple and its utensils, unleavened bread, and a non-Jewish king ( Cyrus king of Persia ).

Eusebius gives some extracts from his letter to one Aristides, reconciling the apparent discrepancy between Matthew and Luke in the genealogy of Christ by a reference to the Jewish law of Levirate marriage, which compelled a man to marry the widow of his deceased brother, if the latter died without issue.

The girl has survived the Holocaust and emigrated from Israel ; the conflict was to be centered around anti-Semitism of the Catholic " Jets " towards the Jewish " Emeralds " ( a name that made its way into the script as a reference ).

He was the author of Havvot Yair (" Villages of Yair ") a collection of responsa by the title of which is he commonly referred ; its title is a reference to his grandmother Chava as well as to a place mentioned in Numbers 32: 41 and elsewhere in the Jewish Bible.

In a very broad sense it can refer to the entire chain of Jewish tradition ( see Oral law ), but in reference to the Masoretic Text the word mesorah has a very specific meaning: the diacritic markings of the text of the Hebrew Bible and concise marginal notes in manuscripts ( and later printings ) of the Hebrew Bible which note textual details, usually about the precise spelling of words.

The New Testament also makes common reference to the common people indicating that the Jewish identity was independent and stronger than these groups.

The figure of the doomed sinner, forced to wander without the hope of rest in death till the second coming of Christ, impressed itself upon the popular medieval imagination, mainly with reference to the seeming immortality of the wandering Jewish people.

Dictionaries list a number of possible origins for the originally Italian term, including " gheto " or " ghet ", which means slag or waste in Venetian, and was used in this sense in a reference to a foundry where slag was stored located on the same island as the area of Jewish confinement ( the Venetian Ghetto ), and borghetto, diminutive of borgo ‘ borough ’.

The traditional explanation for the donkey ( âne in French and Guernésiais ) is the steepness of St Peter Port streets that necessitated beasts of burden for transport ( in contrast to the flat terrain of the rival capital of Saint Helier in Jersey ), although it is also used in reference to Guernsey inhabitants ' stubbornness who boast that they are " stubborn as a mule, with a kick like a horse!

Plato in Cratylus connects the name with ( apolysis ), " redeem ", with ( apolousis ), " purification ", and with ( aploun ), " simple ", in particular in reference to the Thessalian form of the name,, and finally with ( aeiballon ), " ever-shooting ".

In lieu of " Hamito-Semitic ", the Russian linguist Igor Diakonoff later suggested the term " Afrasian ", meaning " half African, half Asiatic ", in reference to the geographic distribution of the phylum's constituent languages.

The name " argon " is derived from the Greek word αργον meaning " lazy " or " the inactive one ", a reference to the fact that the element undergoes almost no chemical reactions.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

As for the term " Compositae ", more ancient but still valid, it obviously makes reference to the fact that the family is one of the few angiosperms that have composite flowers.

The category of acts constituting hubris for the ancient Greeks apparently broadened from the original specific reference to mutilation of a corpse, or a humiliation of a defeated foe, or irreverent, " outrageous treatment ", in general.

Due to its graphical user inferface, it was known as the " Jackintosh ", a reference to Jack Tramiel.

Megiddo is mentioned twelve times in the Old Testament, ten times in reference to the ancient city of Megiddo, and twice with reference to " the plain of Megiddo ", most probably simply meaning " the plain next to the city ".

In the poem the prisoner is suffering " for the colour of his hair ", a natural, given attribute which, in a clearly coded reference to homosexuality, is reviled as " nameless and abominable " ( recalling the legal phrase peccatum horribile, inter christianos non nominandum, " the horrible sin, not to be named amongst Christians ").

Known as " Big Mac ", the encyclopedia became the standard baseball reference until 1988, when Total Baseball was released by Warner Books using more sophisticated technology.

Biblical scholars believe Bethlehem, located in the " hill country " of Judah, may be the same as the Biblical Ephrath, which means " fertile ", as there is a reference to it in the Book of Micah as Bethlehem Ephratah.

The biblical Book of Job ( dating to the 6th to 4th century BC ) also makes reference to a number of constellations, including " bier ", " fool " and " heap " ( Job 9: 9, 38: 31-32 ), rendered as " Arcturus, Orion and Pleiades " by the KJV, but ` Ayish " the bier " actually corresponding to Ursa Major.

Cornell's alma mater or official school song makes reference to its position " Far Above Cayuga's Waters ", while that of Ithaca College references " Cayuga ’ s shore ".

Edwards ' articles are still used as a reference by members of the online forum " Curry Recipes Online ", where he has also informally published a few brief further follow-ups.

The name " currying ", coined by Christopher Strachey in 1967, is a reference to logician Haskell Curry.

The alternative name " Schönfinkelisation ", has been proposed as a reference to Moses Schönfinkel.

Zizhi Tongjian, literally " Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government ", was a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography.

; Unwritten principles: Principles that are incorporated into the Canadian constitution by reference from the preamble of the Constitution Act, 1867, including a statement that the constitution should be " similar in Principle to that of the United Kingdom ", much of which is unwritten.

The work's subtitle was " An attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface by reference to causes now in operation ", and this explains Lyell's impact on science.