Leaders of individual states and regions are Administrative Bishops, who have jurisdiction over local churches in their respective states and are vested with appointment authority for local pastorates.

The councils of Gaul held in the first half of the sixth century had given to bishops absolute authority over religious communities, even going so far as to order the abbots to appear periodically before their respective bishops to receive reproof or advice, as might be considered necessary.

At the court of Hungary there were two parties arrayed against each other: the Magyar party under the leadership of Zápolyas and the German party under the leadership of George of Brandenburg, whose authority was increased by the acquisition of the duchies of Ratibor and Oppeln by hereditary treaties with their respective dukes and of the territories of Oderberg, Beuthen, and Tarnowitz as pledges from the king of Bohemia, who could not redeem his debts.

The Articles of Confederation, ratified by the colonies in 1781, contained the clause, " The United States in Congress assembled shall also have the sole and exclusive right and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or by that of the respective states — fixing the standards of weights and measures throughout the United States — ....".

Both of these men exercised nearly all control over their respective nations for many years despite not having either legal constitutional office or the legal authority to exercise power.

Various royal houses traditionally awarded ( mainly ) dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective sovereigns ; others include at least one dukedom in a wider list of similarly granted titles, nominal dukedoms without any actual authority, often even without an estate.

Proposals to give regions limited legislative autonomy have met with considerable resistance ; others propose transferring certain powers from the departments to their respective regions, leaving the former with limited authority.

They were not necessarily leaders, although these artists were respected and held a certain moral authority in their respective colonies.

These self-governing boroughs had full authority over fiscal, legislative and judicial matters in their respective areas.

Legislative authority is vested in the City Council, which is composed of eight aldermen or women who are elected to four-year terms by the residents of the Ward within which the respective alderman / woman resides.

The U. S. Supreme Court recognized the authority of the Northwest Ordinance of 1789 within the applicable Northwest Territory as constitutional in Strader v. Graham, 51 U. S. 82, 96, 97 ( 1851 ), but did not extend the Ordinance to cover the respective states once they were admitted to the Union.

However, when vacancies arise, the commissioners court of the respective county has the authority to appoint a replacement to serve out the remaining term.

In Texas, constables and their deputies are fully empowered police officers with county-wide jurisdiction and thus, may legally exercise their authority in any precinct within their county and adjacent counties ; however, some constables ' offices limit themselves to providing law enforcement services only to their respective precinct, except in the case of serving civil and criminal process.

After the war, the army was disbanded into smaller groups and sent back to their respective districts, and the commanders had to return their authority to the state.

In Orthodox Russia too, when Peter I the Great assumed the Byzantine imperial titles Imperator and Autokrator, instead of the ' merely ' royal Tsar, the idea in founding the Russian Holy Synod was to put an end to the old Imperium in imperio of the free Church, by substituting the synod for the all too independent Patriarch of Moscow, who had become almost a rival of the Tsars — Peter meant to unite all authority in himself, over Church as well as State: through his Ober-Procurator and synod, the Emperor ruled his Church as absolutely as his army and navy through their respective ministries ; he appointed its members ( mostly bishops ) just as his generals ; and the Russian Government continued his policy until the end of the empire in 1917.

Individual bishops do not relinquish their authority to the conference, and remain responsible for the governance of their respective diocese.

A similar practice is employed in each of the provincial legislatures, with each mace representing the authority and power of the respective legislature.

In the absence of a final ruling, the United Kingdom and the United States agreed to a provisional settlement in 1831 / 1832, stating that territory already in the exclusive jurisdiction and authority of the respective state and provincial authorities would remain as such, and that neither would attempt to extend jurisdictional authority over areas still in dispute.

In cryptography, a PKI is an arrangement that binds public keys with respective user identities by means of a certificate authority ( CA ).

Established through separate statutes passed by the Congress, each respective statutory grant of authority defines the goals the agency must work towards, as well as what substantive areas, if any, over which it may have the power of rulemaking.

The Chairman outranks all respective heads of each service branch, but does not have command authority over them, their service branches or the Unified Combatant Commands.

Commissioned Officers ( O-1 through O-10 second lieutenant or ensign through general or admiral, and W-2 through W-5 ( chief warrant officers )) are commissioned under the authority of the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, Warrant Officers ( WO-1 ) are given a warrant under the authority of their respective Service Secretary ( e. g. Secretary of the Army ), National Guard officers are additionally committed to the authority of the governor of their state.

That this Assembly doth explicitly and peremptorily declare, that it views the powers of the federal government as resulting from the compact to which the states are parties, as limited by the plain sense and intention of the instrument constituting that compact, as no further valid than they are authorized by the grants enumerated in that compact ; and that, in case of a deliberate, palpable, and dangerous exercise of other powers, not granted by the said compact, the states, who are parties thereto, have the right, and are in duty bound, to interpose, for arresting the progress of the evil, and for maintaining, within their respective limits, the authorities, rights and liberties, appertaining to them.

When National Guard units are not under federal control, the governor is the commander-in-chief of the units of his or her respective state, territory ( Guam, Virgin Islands ), or commonwealth ( Puerto Rico ).

Additionally, the federal and provincial governments can ask for advisory opinions in hypothetical scenarios, termed reference questions, from their respective highest courts.

It could have, for example, required violators to compensate federal, state, and local governments for the estimated damage to their respective economies caused by the violations.

The 16 federal States of Germany ( Länder ) are represented by the Bundesrat at the former Prussian House of Lords, whose members are representatives of the respective Länder's governments and not directly elected by the people.

If the delegation of a power to the federal government operated as a denial (" prohibit ") of that power to the respective States, then every power " delegated to the United States government by the Constitution " would also be a power " prohibited by it to the States respectively ", such that the set of powers denied to the several States would entirely encompass the set of powers delegated to the federal government.

The All Writs Act authorizes United States federal courts to " issue all writs necessary or appropriate in aid of their respective jurisdictions and agreeable to the usages and principles of law.

Native American tribes are comprehended as ancient sovereigns, established by their sovereign people since time immemorial, and recognized as sovereign by the federal government of the United States as well as the several states, and as such, the Native American ( and Alaska Native ) tribal governments have rights appertaining to sovereigns, including the power to hold radical title to land, to exercise the four fundamental powers, taxation, eminent domain, police power, and escheat, as well as other powers, for instance, the power to charter corporations and undertake public undertakings that might benefit their tribal citizens, Native Americans and Alaska Natives also being citizens of their respective US state, and also citizens of the United States.

However, the state governor ( Landeshauptmann ) is in charge of the administration of much of federal administrative law within the respective state, which makes this post an important political position.

The federal parliament and the legislative assemblies of the provinces are independent of one another in their respective areas of legislative authority ; although a few sectors are shared, such as agriculture and immigration, but most are either entirely within federal jurisdiction, such as foreign affairs and telecommunications, or entirely within provincial jurisdiction, such as education and healthcare.

In the absence of applicable federal law, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws has issued non-binding model laws ( called uniform act ) in which to encourage the adoption of uniformity of partnership law into the states by their respective legislatures.

The board's members ( one American and one Canadian ) are appointed by the respective federal governments.

The heads of the federal executive departments, known as secretaries of their respective department, form the traditional Cabinet, an executive organ that serves at the disposal of the president and normally act as an advisory body to the presidency.

Historian Lance Banning wrote, “ The legislators of Kentucky ( or more likely, John Breckinridge, the Kentucky legislator who sponsored the resolution ) deleted Jefferson's suggestion that the rightful remedy for federal usurpations was a " nullification " of such acts by each state acting on its own to prevent their operation within its respective borders.

Although education is the responsibility of the federal government, each state has an Education Department to help coordinate educational matters in their respective states.

In the German federal states with the exception of Bremen, Berlin and Brandenburg, lessons of religious education overseen by the respective religious communities are taught as an elective subject in state schools.

In the CWSRF, federal funds are provided to the states and Puerto Rico to capitalize their respective revolving funds, which are used to provide financial assistance ( loans or grants ) to local governments for wastewater treatment, nonpoint source pollution control and estuary protection.

Like many federal structures, the nature of the Constitution of India mandates law and order as a subject of the state, therefore the bulk of the policing lies with the respective states and territories of India.

The appropriate federal, provincial or state regulatory agencies are responsible for regulating the sale of approved products in their respective jurisdictions.

Both the governor and President Roosevelt enjoyed a good working relationship during their respective terms of office on the state and federal levels.

CP was to build a new ferry, the MV Princess of Acadia ( built in 1971 ), the federal government would construct and own the new ferry terminals, and the provincial governments would construct new roads to link the terminals with the respective highway networks.

It insists on restoring total sovereignty to the Belgian state level by reverting Belgium to a unitary state, after decades of state structure reforms that made Belgium a federal state since the 1970s-contrary to Flemish nationalists who advocate independence of their region, and Walloon, Brussels and German-speaking regionalists who advocate more autonomy to their respective regions.