Therefore, four loose families of more-efficient light transport modelling techniques have emerged: rasterization, including scanline rendering, geometrically projects objects in the scene to an image plane, without advanced optical effects ; ray casting considers the scene as observed from a specific point-of-view, calculating the observed image based only on geometry and very basic optical laws of reflection intensity, and perhaps using Monte Carlo techniques to reduce artifacts ; and ray tracing is similar to ray casting, but employs more advanced optical simulation, and usually uses Monte Carlo techniques to obtain more realistic results at a speed that is often orders of magnitude slower.

In electrical conductors, such induced bulk movement of charges ( electric currents ) results in absorption of the EMR, or else separations of charges that cause generation of new EMR ( effective reflection of the EMR ).

While some individuals might deliberately use a biased sample to produce misleading results, more often, a biased sample is just a reflection of the difficulty in obtaining a truly representative sample.

The energy exchange between the electron beam and the sample results in the reflection of high-energy electrons by elastic scattering, emission of secondary electrons by inelastic scattering and the emission of electromagnetic radiation, each of which can be detected by specialized detectors.

In telecommunications, reflection loss occurs on a line which results in part of the energy being reflected back to the source.

11 ) As a forum for debate the World Social Forum is a movement of ideas that prompts reflection, and the transparent circulation of the results of that reflection, on the mechanisms and instruments of domination by capital, on means and actions to resist and overcome that domination, and on the alternatives proposed to solve the problems of exclusion and social inequality that the process of capitalist globalization with its racist, sexist and environmentally destructive dimensions is creating internationally and within countries.

As an optical effect it results from reflection off of substances such as a mirror or water.

The overall research showed that adolescents in music therapy “ change more when discipline-specific music therapy techniques, such as improvisation and verbal reflection of the music, are used .” The results of this study showed that music therapists should put careful thought and deliberation into their choice of technique with each individual client.

A reflection through an axis followed by a reflection across a second axis parallel to the first one results in a total motion which is a translation ( mathematics ) | translation.

A reflection across an axis followed by a reflection in a second axis not parallel to the first one results in a total motion that is a Rotation ( mathematics ) | rotation around the point of intersection of the axes.

Just as light waves reflect off of surfaces, sound waves also reflect off of surfaces, and every reflection results in a loss of energy.

As a reflection of the nature of its preference for Allison over Cummins, the Ames Times reported the primary results under a two-level banner headline simply stating " GLORY TO GOD!

This results in reflection or scattering.

A reflection ( mathematics ) | reflection against an axis followed by a reflection against a second axis not parallel to the first one results in a total motion that is a rotation around the point of intersection of the axes.

This results in a space group being some combination of the translational symmetry of a unit cell including lattice centering, the point group symmetry operations of reflection, rotation and improper rotation ( also called rotoinversion ), and the screw axis and glide plane symmetry operations.

A reflection against an axis followed by a reflection against a second axis parallel to the first one results in a total motion which is a translation ( mathematics ) | translation.

A reflection against an axis followed by a reflection against a second axis not parallel to the first one results in a total motion that is a rotation around the point of intersection of the axes.

This, of course, results from the non-systematic, ' cellular ' character of Ptolemaic theory.

There results a study of literature freed from the tyranny of the contemporary.

There is now substantial evidence from several major studies of college students that the experience of the college years results in a certain, selective homogenization of attitudes and values.

Gen. Taylor will report to President Kennedy in a few days on the results of his visit to South Viet Nam and, judging from some of his remarks to reporters in the Far East, he is likely to urge a more efficient mobilization of Vietnamese military, economic, political and other resources.

Over a temperature range from 25 to 200 Af and at pressures up to 250 atm, an overload of 300 psi, applied for a period of one day, results in an uncertainty in the pressure of, at most, one millimeter of mercury.

The results of the study, based on collision integrals computed from the latest critically evaluated data on intermolecular forces in air, will be reported in the form of a table of viscosity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusion, and diffusion coefficients at temperatures of 1,000 to 10,000 Af and of logarithm of pressure in atmospheres from Af to Af times normal density.

Exposure problems may occur in these forest areas where uneven lighting results from shafts of sunlight filtering through the overhead branches.

The results of present observations of the thermal radio emission of the moon are consistent with the very low thermal conductivity of the surface layer which was derived from the variation in the infrared emission during eclipses ( e.g., Garstung, 1958 ).

Radio observations of the moon have been made over the range of wave lengths from 4.3 mm to 75 cm, and the results are summarized in Table 1.

Since Af is ferromagnetic, we felt that any results obtained from the magnetically contaminated Af would be suspect.

We are reporting these investigations here briefly because of their relevancy to problems of the study of apparently simple exchange reactions of chlorine and because the results furnish some information on the activation energy for abstraction of chlorine atoms from carbon tetrachloride.

Many workers believe that the response is proportional to the incident momentum of the particles, a relation deduced from laboratory results linearly extrapolated to meteoritic velocities.

The best way to determine the correct figure ( in captives ) is by direct observation of pairs isolated from birth, a method that produced surprising results: maturing of a male Indian python in less than two years, his mate in less than three ; ;

Similar results might be expected from the influence of drugs or pathological conditions that limit iodide trapping, or organification, or accelerate thyroglobulin proteolysis.

The international unit ( u. ), adopted to make possible the comparison of results from different laboratories ( Mussett and Perry, 1955 ), has been defined as the amount of activity present in 13.5 mg of the International Standard Preparation.

More generally, suppose that an experiment consists of a number of independent trials, that each trial results in either a `` success '' or a `` non-success '' ( `` failure '' ), and that the probability of success remains constant from trial to trial.

Each performance of an n-trial binomial experiment results in some whole number from 0 through N as the value of the random variable X, where Af.

The results of these inquiries were used to adjust compilations of data from the registers and to provide various ratios and rates by districts, including birth and death rates, general fertility rates, distributions by marital status, fertility of wives separately in polygynous and non-polygynous households, infant mortality, and migration.

He made it clear from the beginning that this was the students' opportunity, and that the future destiny of such groups depended on favorable results from this one.

This results in a separate record being made, distinguishing these trades from the overall volume of trading.

The research team was concerned that responses from firms in the state of Washington might not be typical of those throughout the country, or that the results might be different when no phone or personal follow-up was made.

Social theory has no more right to expect results from meaningless questions, than physics has the right to expect a theological solution to the wave-particle controversy.

The results of the election of 1859 found Republican candidates not only winning the offices of governor and lieutenant-governor but also obtaining the two Congressional offices from the eastern and western sections of the state.

This results in the magneto-optic effect.

The results of reflection from a magneto-optic material are known as the magneto-optic Kerr effect ( not to be confused with the nonlinear Kerr effect ).