Each tournament began with a ritual which would decide how the tournament would take place.

By the 15th century, its authority in the Spanish Jewish community was such that Joseph ibn Shem-Tov drew from it arguments in his attacks against Maimonides, and even representatives of non-mystical Jewish thought began to assert its sacredness and invoke its authority in the decision of some ritual questions.

According to Roman mythology, when Romulus and Remus founded Rome, they did so on the Palatine Hill according to Etruscan ritual ; that is, they began with a pomerium or sacred ditch.

The ritual of the sin offering began with the offerer confessing his / her unintentional sin while placing his / her hands and pushing his / her full weight over the head of the animal.

However, the Levitical regulations concerning ejaculation, whether as a result of sexual intercourse or not, merely prescribe a ritual washing, and remaining ritually impure until the next day began on the following evening.

The study of the images seen in Moche art has enabled researchers to reconstruct the culture's most important ceremonial sequence, which began with ritual combat and culminated in the sacrifice of those defeated in battle.

Shortly thereafter some children in child protection cases began making allegations of horrific physical and sexual abuse by caregivers within organized rituals, disclosing sexual abuse in Satanic rituals and the use of Satanic symbols, garnering the label " satanic ritual abuse " in the media and among professionals.

The Tlacaxipehualiztli festival both began and culminated with a " gladiator sacrifice " ritual.

Eventually the crowd that had gathered began to mock his dance and it started what was to become a 14-day tribute of ritual dancing to Olokun.

During the late Woodland stage Native Americans began to practice more elaborate ritual services.

In 1822, Jean Francois Champollion began to translate hieroglyphic text ; he examined some of the Book of the Dead papyri and identified them as a funerary ritual.

Though single combats and other elements of ritual and honorable battle remained, organized strategies and tactics under military commanders began to emerge, along with a greater degree of organization of formations and divisions within armies.

The Jewish community in Hohenems began with a charter in 1617 and a synagogue, a ritual bath ( mikvah ), a school and a poorhouse were built.

This ritual began in Spain during the Middle Ages when a nine-day period of hymns and prayers led up to a Christmas feast, a period which ended with gift giving.

The annual event now known as Burning Man began as a bonfire ritual on the summer solstice in 1986 when Larry Harvey, Jerry James, and a few friends met on Baker Beach in San Francisco and burned a 9-foot ( 2. 7-meter ) wooden man as well as a smaller wooden dog.

When contacts between Europeans and the Lacandon began being recorded it was believed that they were unchanged ancient Maya descended from those who fled initial Spanish contact and that they were complete with the ritual beliefs and physical appearance of their ancestors.

The use of music and dance has also decreased in ritual behavior inexplicably since ethnographers began studying the Lacandón.

The ban began under British rule and is much owed to the persistence of the ocial reformer Ram Mohan Roy, who asserted that sati was a means of showing status rather than a universal ritual in India, and said, " there are other ways of doing it than by burning wives.

In the late 1970s, Ray Sherwin and Peter Carroll, two young British occultists with a strong interest in ritual magic, began to publish a magazine called The New Equinox.

Mining here began in the pre-Hispanic period with natives extracting a number of stones for decorative and ritual purposes.

The bhakti movement is eternal, but on Earth, in visible history, it began in South India and moved north, with an emphasis on devotion vs. ritual.

It was during the explosion of new thinking and exploration in the early 20th century that dance artists began to appreciate the qualities of the individual, the necessities of ritual and religion, the primitive, the expressive and the emotional.

Once this was done, the nobles and ruling class began their ritual.

Instead of being used for ritual or status purposes, tattooed marks began to be placed on criminals as a punishment ( this was mirrored in ancient Rome, where slaves were known to have been tattooed with mottoes such as " I am a slave who has run away from his master ").

Yet often fear persists because, even with the most rigid ritual, one is never quite free from the uneasy feeling that one might make some mistake or that in every previous execution one had been unaware of the really decisive act.

He was enjoying the weekly ritual of washing down his pet grievance with bourbon slightly moistened with water.

The royal ritual generated power into the other world: it also provided the living with a way to control the spirits, and bring their powers directly to bear on the everyday affairs of the world.

Propriety was synonymous with ritual observance, the mark of a true gentleman.

People decorated their homes and trees with paper flags ; there were ritual races, processions, dances, songs, prayers, and finally human sacrifices.

Robert Graves in The Greek Myths ( 1955 ; 1960 ) asserts that the ægis in its Libyan sense had been a shamanic pouch containing various ritual objects, bearing the device of a monstrous serpent-haired visage with tusk-like teeth and a protruding tongue which was meant to frighten away the uninitiated.

The legal and ritual opinions recorded in Rav's name and his disputes with Samuel constitute the main body of the Babylonian Talmud.

" Rav also exercised a great influence for good upon the moral and religious conditions of his native land, not only indirectly through his disciples, but directly by reason of the strictness with which he repressed abuses in matters of marriage and divorce, and denounced ignorance and negligence in matters of ritual observance.

He discusses the need to correlate ritual observance with spirituality and love, the importance of Kavanah ( intention ) when performing mitzvot.

These cycles would have been of astrological and ritual significance as Venus was associated with Quetzalcoatl or Xolotl.

The funerals are themselves involved in the ritual of hoarding: the deposition of sacrificial objects with both religious and socio-economic functions.

The Holy See accepts as valid the ordinations of the Old Catholics in communion with Utrecht, as well as the Polish National Catholic Church ( which received its orders directly from Utrecht, and was — until recently — part of that communion ); but Roman Catholicism does not recognise the orders of any group whose teaching is at variance with what they consider the core tenets of Christianity ; this is the case even though the clergy of the Independent Catholic groups may use the proper ordination ritual.

Fertility ritual again was important, in part perhaps connecting with the waxing power of the sun, symbolized by the lighting of fires through which livestock were driven, and around which the people danced in a sunwise direction.

Great bonfires would mark a time of purification and transition, heralding in the season in the hope of a good harvest later in the year, and were accompanied with ritual acts to protect the people from any harm by Otherworldly spirits, such as the Aos Sí.

Bernard would expand upon Anselm of Canterbury's role in transmuting the sacramentally ritual Christianity of the Early Middle Ages into a new, more personally held faith, with the life of Christ as a model and a new emphasis on the Virgin Mary.

It was the final stage of the reformers ' work of removing all elements of sacrificial offering from the Latin Mass ; so that it should cease to be seen as a ritual at which the priest, on behalf of the faithful offered Christ's body and blood to God ; and might rather be seen as a ritual whereby Christ shared his body and blood, according to a different sacramental theology, with the faithful.

These adherents of ritualism, among whom were Percy Dearmer and others, claimed that the Ornaments Rubric prescribed the ritual usages of the Sarum Rite with the exception of a few minor things already abolished by the early reformation.

The Analects stress the importance of ritual, but also the importance of ' ren ', which loosely translates as ' human-heartedness, Confucianism, along with Legalism, is responsible for creating the world ’ s first meritocracy, which holds that one's status should be determined by education and character rather than ancestry, wealth, or friendship.

He often engaged in discussion and debate with his students and gave high importance to their studies in history, poetry, and ritual.

It closed with a series of ritual acclamations honouring the reigning Pope, the Popes who had convoked the Council, the emperor and the kings who had supported it, the papal legates, the cardinals, the ambassadors present, and the bishops, followed by acclamations of acceptance of the faith of the Council and its decrees, and of anathema for all heretics.

This dishonour was either hereditary or it arose from ritual pollution whereby honourable citizens could become dishonourable by coming into casual contact with members of these untouchables.

It is also usually associated with an unconscious magical ritual to ward off anxiety engendered by these same women .”