Here the reasonable mastery of the elements of administration can do much to free a president for his primary role.

* 1624 – The president of Louis XIII of France's royal council is arrested, leaving Cardinal Richelieu in the role of the King's principal minister.

He played a major role in establishing the University of Pennsylvania and was elected the first president of the American Philosophical Society.

Capella's former role of president was not filled as the executives who reported to him then reported directly to the CEO.

The British Dental Association, formed in 1880 with Sir John Tomes as president, played a major role in prosecuting dentists practising illegally.

However, by 1985, several company business decisions, including an awkward new breakfast menu and loss in brand awareness due to fizzled marketing efforts, caused the company ’ s new president to urge Thomas back into a more active role with Wendy's.

The prime minister and cabinet play the central role in the political process, while the president performs some executive and legislative functions in addition to ceremonial duties.

Conté assumed the role of president with Traoré as his prime minister.

The RPCNA still takes an active sponsorship and oversight role in the college: the college president, chaplain, and chairman of the Department of Biblical Studies must be members of the RPCNA, and all members of the Board of Corporators and the majority of the Board of Trustees must be RPCNA members.

Charles de Gaulle described the role he envisaged for the French president when he wrote the modern French constitution, stating the head of state should embody " the spirit of the nation " for the nation itself and the world: une certaine idée de la France ( a certain idea about France ).

Many of the signatories would play a prominent role in Israeli politics following independence ; Moshe Sharett and Golda Meir both served as Prime Minister, Yitzhak Ben-Zvi became the country's second president in 1952, and several others served as ministers.

Samuel Gompers, president of the AFL, boycotted the meeting, wanting the Central Powers delegates in a subservient role as an admission of guilt for their countries ' role in the bringing about war.

In Europe, English received a more central role particularly since 1919, when the Treaty of Versailles was composed not only in French, the common language of diplomacy at the time, but, under special request from American president Woodrow Wilson, also in English-a major milestone in the globalisation of English.

When her husband was president, she created the role of First Lady, using her social talents to advance his program.

Davis wanted to serve as a general in the Confederate States Army and not as the president, but accepted the role for which he had been chosen.

The lawsuit claimed that Blakeman had given a copyrighted screenplay called Go November to Grammer in 2006, and that Grammer agreed to develop the project and star as a Republican president but instead ended up playing a similar role in Swing Vote, which was released on August 1, 2008.

The also-popular president, Guntis Ulmanis, had limited constitutional powers but played a key role in leading the various political forces to agree finally to this broad coalition.

In May, the constitution was amended, deleting reference to the MPRP's role as the guiding force in the country, legalizing opposition parties, creating a standing legislative body, and establishing the office of president.

* 2012 – Former Liberian president Charles Taylor is sentenced to 50 years in prison for his role in atrocities committed during the Sierra Leone Civil War.

Tanzanian president Julius Nyerere said he considered Fraser's role " crucial in many parts ", and Zambian president Kenneth Kaunda called it " vital ".

Eventually, Charles Bluhdorn, the president of Paramount parent Gulf + Western, was won over to letting Brando have the role ; when he saw the screen test, he asked in amazement, " What are we watching?

* 2006 – Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, and his co-defendants Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti and Awad Hamed al-Bandar are sentenced to death in the al-Dujail trial for the role in the massacre of the 148 Shi ' as in 1982.

However, the president can take an indirect role in shaping legislation, especially if the president's political party has a majority in one or both houses of Congress.

The Chair of St Augustine ( the episcopal throne in Canterbury Cathedral, Kent ), seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury in his role as head of the Anglican Communion

In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group of Christians in the world.

Eventually the head or " monarchic " bishop came to rule more clearly, and all local churches would eventually follow the example of the other churches and structure themselves after the model of the others with the one bishop in clearer charge, though the role of the body of priests remained important.

Subsequently, rather than restore governmental authority to the civilian legislature, Augusto Pinochet exploited his role as Commander of the Army to seize total power and to establish himself at the head of a junta.

In both cases, the titular head of state-monarch or president-serves the traditional role of embodying and representing the nation, while the actual governing is carried out by a cabinet composed predominantly of elected Members of Parliament.

Romans did not mark same-sex relations as " homosexual " if an adult male used a slave or prostitute, characteristically a youth, as his passive partner ( see Homosexuality in ancient Rome ); these relations, however, were expected to play a secondary role to marriage, within which institution an adult male demonstrated his masculine authority as head of household ( paterfamilias ).

By August 1954 Malenkov's role as de facto head of government was over ; Nikolai Bulganin began signing Council of Ministers decrees ( a right beholden to the Chairman ) and the Presidium gave in to Khrushchev's wishes to replace Malenkov.

The role of the emperor as head of the Shinto religion was exploited during the war, creating an Imperial cult that led to kamikaze bombers and other fanaticism.

On February 7, 2008, the head of the RFMF and post-coup interim Prime Minister Voreqe Bainimarama stated: " Qarase [...] does not understand the role of the Military and as such is misinforming the nation.

The Chancellor is the head of government, while the President of Germany is the head of state, which is a ceremonial role with substantial reserve powers.

He also had a leading role as the head of an eccentric family in the ensemble cast film The Royal Tenenbaums and in yet another Grisham legal drama, Runaway Jury, at long last getting to make a picture with his longtime friend Dustin Hoffman.

He later opined that the governor-general's role was more than a representative of the sovereign, explaining: " under section 2 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the Queen's representative and exercises certain royal prerogative powers and functions ; under section 61 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the holder of a quite separate and independent office created, not by the Crown, but by the Constitution, and empowered to exercise, in his own right as Governor-General and not as a representative or delegate of the Queen, all the powers and functions of Australia's head of state.

However, Pitt took a more direct role ; on 29 August 1796 he sent Vancouver a letter heaping many insults on the head of his former captain, and challenging him to a duel.

In some languages, there is double-marking of a word as both genitive ( to indicate semantic role ) and another case such as accusative ( to establish concord with the head noun ).

His father died in 1349 and as head of the family Boccaccio was forced into a more active role.

Women writers were not uncommon at the time, but Evans's role at the head of a literary enterprise was.

Upon Hindenburg's death on 2 August 1934, Hitler's cabinet passed a law proclaiming the presidency vacant and transferred the role and powers of the head of state to Hitler as Führer und Reichskanzler ( leader and chancellor ).

The role of the head of state generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of state in the country's constitution and laws.

The same role in a federal constituent and a dependent territory is fulfilled by the corresponding office equivalent to that of a head of state.

Hong Kong's constitutional document, the Basic Law, for example, specifies the Chief Executive as the head of the special administrative region, in addition to his role as the head of government.

# The non-executive head of state system, in which the head of state does not hold any executive power and mainly plays a symbolic role on behalf of the state ;