* 1192 – Minamoto no Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan.

During that time, Milan was regarded as the de facto ruler of the country.

After this battle and the loss of one of Portugal's most remarkable infantes, the Duke of Braganza became the de facto ruler of the country.

* 1535 – Ippolito de ' Medici, Florence ruler ( b. 1509 )

Under the reign of Abdallah, Denard was commander of the Presidential Guard ( PG ) and de facto ruler of the country.

She would eventually become the de facto ruler of the Manchu Qing Dynasty in China for 47 years after her son's death.

In January 1208 the papal legate, Pierre de Castelnau, was sent to meet the ruler of the area, Count Raymond VI of Toulouse.

As Chūai died before Ōjin's birth, his mother Jingū became the de facto ruler.

* 1471 – Piero di Lorenzo de ' Medici, Italian ruler ( d. 1503 )

Throughout their raids on the Eastern Roman Empire, the Huns had maintained good relations with the Western Empire, this was due in no small part to their friendship with Flavius Aetius, a powerful Roman general ( sometimes even referred to as the de facto ruler of the Western Empire ) who had spent some time with the Huns.

The Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah, the de facto ruler of the Bengal province, opposed British attempts to use these permits.

In his capacity as Gauleiter of Berlin, and thus as de facto ruler of the capital ( although there was still officially an Oberbürgermeister and city council ), Goebbels maintained constant pressure on the city ’ s large Jewish community, forcing them out of business and professional life and placing obstacles in the way of their being able to live normal lives, such as banning them from public transport and city facilities.

As Justin became senile near the end of his reign, Justinian became the de facto ruler.

Lorenzo de ' Medici ( 1 January 1449 – 9 April 1492 ) was an Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance.

* 1964 – Ngo Dinh Can, de facto ruler of central Vietnam under his brother President Ngo Dinh Diem before the family's toppling, is executed.

* 1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and forced to sign the Mise of Lewes, making Simon de Montfort the de facto ruler of England.

The first historical ruler of Poland, Mieszko I is considered the de facto creator of the Polish state.

The Florentine Codex, made by Bernardino de Sahagún and his native informants of Tenochtitlan-subjugated Tlatelolco, generally portrays Tlatelolco and Tlatelolcan rulers in a favorable light relative to the Tenocha, and Moctezuma in particular is depicted unfavorably as a weak-willed, superstitious, and indulgent ruler ( Restall 2003 ).

As de facto ruler of the USSR, he tried to reform the stagnating Party and the state economy by introducing glasnost (" openness "), perestroika (" restructuring "), demokratizatsiya (" democratization "), and uskoreniye (" acceleration " of economic development ), which were launched at the 27th Congress of the CPSU in February 1986.

When in 1489, Lorenzo de ' Medici, de facto ruler of Florence, asked Ghirlandaio for his two best pupils, Ghirlandaio sent Michelangelo and Francesco Granacci.

Litograph of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, a 19th century ruler of Paraguay, with a mate ( beverage ) | mate and its respective bombilla.

* Albert II, Prince of Monaco ( born 1958 ), ruler of the principality of Monaco

* Ajax ( mythology ), son of Telamon, ruler of Salamis and a hero in the Trojan War, also known as " Ajax the Great "

Amos was a prophet during the reign of Jeroboam ben Joash ( Jeroboam II ), ruler of Israel from 793 BC to 753 BC, and the reign of Uzziah, King of Judah, at a time when both kingdoms ( Israel in the North and Judah in the South ) were peaking in prosperity.

Andriscus, (-Andriskos ) and often called the " pseudo-Philip ", was the last King of Macedon ( 149 BC – 148 BC ), and ruler of Adramyttium in Aeolis ( in western Anatolia ).

Aeolus (, Aiolos, Modern Greek: ), a name shared by three mythic characters, was the ruler of the winds in Greek mythology.

At that moment, the nominal ruler of al-Andalus, emir Yusuf ibn ' Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri ( another member of the Fihrid family, and a favorite of the old Arab settlers ( baladiyun ), mostly of south Arabian or ' Yemenite ' tribal stock ) was locked in a contest with his vizier ( and son-in-law ) al-Sumayl ibn Hatim al-Qilabi, the head of the new settlers ( shamiyum, the Syrian junds or military regiments, mostly of north Arabian Qaysid tribes, which had arrived only in 742 ).

** Akita Sanesue ( 秋田実季 ; 1576 – 1660 ), daimyo ( feudal ruler )

Another memorable ruler was Max Franz ( ruled 1784-1794 ), who founded the university and the spa quarter of Bad Godesberg.

Despite being offered the chance to remain as ruler of Bavaria ( under strict terms of an alliance with Austria ), the Elector left his country and family in order to continue the war against the Allies from the Spanish Netherlands where he still held the post of governor-general.

( 1962 ) Atlas Borealis 1950. 0, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1st Edition, elephant folio hardcover, with small transparency overlay coordinate grid square and separate paper magnitude legend ruler.

2nd Edition 1972 and 1978 reprint, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Prague, Czechoslovakia, and Sky Publishing Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U. S. A., ISBN 0-933346-01-8 oversize folio softcover spiral bound, with transparency overlay coordinate grid ruler.

( 1958 ) Atlas Eclipticalis 1950. 0, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1st Edition, elephant folio hardcover, with small transparency overlay coordinate grid square and separate paper magnitude legend ruler.

2nd Edition 1974, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Prague, Czechoslovakia, and Sky Publishing Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U. S. A., oversize folio softcover spiral bound, with transparency overlay coordinate grid ruler.

Atlas Australis 1950. 0, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1st Edition, elephant folio hardcover, with small transparency overlay coordinate grid square and separate paper magnitude legend ruler.

2nd Edition, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences ( Ceskoslovenske Akademie Ved ), Prague, Czechoslovakia, and Sky Publishing Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U. S. A., oversize folio softcover spiral bound, with transparency overlay coordinate grid ruler.

The major Confucian concepts include rén ( humanity or humaneness ), zhèngmíng ( rectification of names ; e. g. a ruler who rules unjustly is no longer a ruler and may be dethroned ), zhōng ( loyalty ), xiào ( filial piety ), and lǐ ( ritual ).

* Cleopatra II of Egypt ( c. 185 – 116 BC ), queen ( and briefly sole ruler ) of Ptolemaic Egypt

* Artemi, Eirini, « St Cyril of Alexandria and his relations with the ruler Orestes and the philosopher Hypatia », Ecclesiastic Faros of Alexandria, τ. ΟΗ ( 2007 ), 7-15. http :// independent. academia. edu / EIRINIARTEMINationalandCapodistrianUniversityofAthens / Papers / 1216348 / Cyril_Orestes_and_Hypatia

No larger settlements, however, have been found to have existed in this remote rural area, located at least 15 km from the nearest road even in Roman times, up to the early medieval period when the place is mentioned as a king's mansion for the first time, not long before Charlemagne became ruler of the Germanic Franks.

Thus the possibility of re-incorporating Portugal ( up to then Southern Galicia ) into a Kingdom of Portugal and Galicia as before was eliminated and Afonso became sole ruler ( Duke of Portugal ) after demands for independence from the county's church and nobles.

However, Albert inherited the Margraviate of Brandenburg from its last Wendish ruler, Pribislav, in 1157, and became the first Ascanian margrave.

When Afzal Khan died at the end of the year, Azam Khan became the new ruler, with Abdur Rahman as his governor in the northern province.

After the death of Ahmad Shah in about 1772, his son Timur Shah became the next ruler of the Durrani dynasty who decided to make Kabul the new capital of the empire, and used Peshawar as the winter capital.

As a result, Constans took control of his deceased brother ’ s realms and became sole ruler of the Western two-thirds of the empire.

Shah Shujah Durrani | Shah Shujah became the last Durrani dynasty | Durrani ruler, who first reigned between 1803 and 1809, and again from 1839 to 1842.

On 17 January, Inayatullah abdicated and Habibullah Kalakani became the next ruler of Afghanistan and restored the emirate.

It may be that Æthelberht was king of east Kent and Eadbald became king of west Kent ; the east Kent king seems generally to have been the dominant ruler later in Kentish history.

Empire became identified with vast territorial holdings rather than the title of its ruler by the mid-18th century.

In the end, Đinh Bộ Lĩnh unified the country after defeating all the warlords and became the first ruler of Dai Viet to use the title Hoàng Đế ( 皇帝, Emperor ) in 968.

Jitō continued to hold power as a cloistered ruler, which became a persistent trend in Japanese politics.

When William of Orange, ruler of the Dutch Republic, occupied the British throne with his wife Mary in what has become known as the Glorious Revolution, gin became vastly more popular, particularly in crude, inferior forms, where it was more likely to be flavoured with turpentine as an alternative to juniper.

When Otto died in 1218, Fredrick became the undisputed ruler, and in 1220 was crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Rudolph had become King of Germany / Holy Roman Emperor in 1273, and the dynasty of the House of Habsburg was truly entrenched in 1276 when Rudolph became sovereign ruler of Austria, which the Habsburgs ruled for the next six centuries.

It was announced that he had died of " apoplexy ", and in 1762 she became ruler.

Bogra Khan answered Faik's call, came to Herāt and became its ruler.

After the death of Aegimius, his two sons, Pamphylus and Dymas, voluntarily submitted to Hyllus ( who was, according to the Dorian tradition in Herodotus V. 72, really an Achaean ), who thus became ruler of the Dorians, the three branches of that race being named after these three heroes.

While still nominally the sovereign, the Mughal Indian emperor became more and more of a puppet ruler, and anarchy spread until the company stepped into the

In 1349, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir and inaugurated the Salatin-i-Kashmir or Swati dynasty.

* Baron Karl Hassen III-He was part of Latveria's royalty sometime before Doctor Doom became Latveria's ruler.