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Page "Ovarian cancer" ¶ 24
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serum and level
The serum prolactin level is less sensitive for detecting partial seizures.
A fasting serum insulin level of greater than the upper limit of normal for the assay used ( approximately 60 pmol / L ) is considered evidence of insulin resistance.
The trend of serum creatinine levels over time is more important than absolute creatinine level.
The serum level of unbound isopropylmethylphosphonic acid ( IMPA ), a sarin hydrolysis product, ranged from 2-135 µg / L in survivors of a terrorist attack during the first 4 hours post-exposure.
Hyponatremia is defined as a serum level of less than 135 mEq / L and is considered severe when the serum level is below 125 mEq / L.
The presence and severity of symptoms are associated with the level of serum sodium, with the lowest levels of serum sodium associated with the more prominent and serious symptoms.
In the setting of hypovolemia, intravenous administration of normal saline may be effective, but caution must be exercised not to raise the serum sodium level too quickly ( see below ).
A hospital incidence of 15 – 20 % is common, while only 3 – 5 % of patients who are hospitalized have a serum sodium level of less than 130 mEq / L.
The serum prolactin level usually rises following an epileptic seizure.
Proteins may be administered intravenously to raise the level of serum proteins.
The screening blood test should typically include full blood count, liver function tests, thyroid function tests, lipid profile, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, syphilis serology, calcium serum level, fasting glucose, urea and electrolytes, vitamin B-12, folate.
According to some guidelines, all people with RLS should have their serum ferritin level tested.
Giving 2 mg oral lorazepam will result in a peak total serum level of around 20 ng / ml around two hours later, half of which is lorazepam, half its inactive metabolite, lorazepam-glucuronide.
A similar lorazepam dose given intravenously will result in an earlier and higher peak serum level, with a higher relative proportion of unmetabolised ( active ) lorazepam.
( A serum creatinine level, a simple blood test, is needed to use the calculator ).
To convert from whole-blood glucose, multiplication by 1. 15 has been shown to generally give the serum / plasma level.
The initial test performed is serum A1AT level.
* PiMS: 80 % of normal serum level of A1AT
* PiSS: 60 % of normal serum level of A1AT
* PiMZ: 60 % of normal serum level of A1AT
* PiSZ: 40 % of normal serum level of A1AT

serum and should
A sensitive serum pregnancy test should be obtained to rule out ectopic pregnancy.
Urate-lowering measures should be increased until serum uric acid levels are below 300 – 360 µmol / l ( 5. 0-6. 0 mg / dl ), and are continued indefinitely.
During treatment of hyponatremia, the serum sodium should not be allowed to rise by more than 8 mmol / l over 24 hours ( i. e. 0. 33 mmol / l / h rate of rise ).
In the early 1930s, A. Shousha, A. Gardner and K. Venkatraman, all researchers, suggested that only hemolytic vibrios agglutinated with anti-cholera serum should be referred to as El Tor vibrios.
Increased levels of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein ( MSAFP ) should be followed up by two tests-an ultrasound of the fetal spine and amniocentesis of the mother's amniotic fluid ( to test for alpha-fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase ).
Because sarcoidosis can affect multiple organ systems, follow-up on a patient with sarcoidosis should always include an electrocardiogram, ocular examination by an ophthalmologist, liver function tests, serum calcium, and 24-hour urine calcium.
Even with therapeutic serum Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup > concentrations, recurrent convulsions and seizures may occur — patients should receive additional MgSO < sub > 4 </ sub > but with close monitoring for respiratory, cardiac, and neurological depression.
In addition, serum alpha-fetoprotein ( AFP ) and lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) should be measured in young girls and adolescents with suspected ovarian tumors because the younger the patient, the greater the likelihood of a malignant germ cell tumor.
A complete blood count ( CBC ) and serum electrolyte test should be obtained in all patients.
The diagnostic program should be performed within hours, in parallel with measures to lower serum calcium.
Minimum serum level should be 0. 2 ug / ml ( ELISA )
Treatment of severe hyperammonemia ( serum ammonia levels greater than 1000 μmol / L ) should begin with hemodialysis if it is otherwise medically appropriate and tolerated.
These tubes should be used with care when measuring therapeutic drug levels because the drug / hormone may diffuse from the serum into the gel, causing a reduction in measured drug level.
It should be taken very seriously, as the amount of water ingested exceeds the amount that can be excreted by the kidneys, and can on rare occasions be life-threatening as the body's serum sodium level is diluted to an extent that seizures and cardiac arrest can occur.
When IDMS-calibrated serum creatinine is used ( which is about 6 % lower ), the above equations should be multiplied by 175 / 186 or by 0. 94086.
Also, a baseline pituitary hormonal function test should be done, including measurements of serum levels of TSH, prolactin, IGF-1 ( as a test of growth hormone activity ), adrenal function ( i. e. 24 hour urine cortisol, dexamethasone suppression test ), testosterone in men, and estradiol in amenorrheic women.
Screening should include calculation of estimated GFR / 1. 73 m < sup > 2 </ sup > from the serum creatinine level, and measurement of urine-to-albumin creatinine ratio in a first-morning urine specimen as well as dipstick screen for hematuria.
In addition to the usual routine haematologic and biochemical investigations, the serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, calcitonin and parathyroid hormone should also be measured.
Rapid diuresis may lead to over-rapid rise in serum sodium, and should be managed with extreme care.
This evaluation should include chest radiograph, HRCT of lungs, pulmonary function tests including diffusing capacity, and serum levels of anti-Jo1 antibodies.
All individuals with A-T should have at least one comprehensive immunologic evaluation that measures the number and type of lymphocytes in the blood ( T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes ), the levels of serum immunoglobulins ( IgG, IgA, and IgM ) and antibody responses to T-dependent ( e. g., tetanus, Hemophilus influenzae b ) and T-independent ( 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide ) vaccines.
Since statins were shown to increase serum plant sterol concentrations, patients should probably not be treated with statins alone but with a combination therapy focusing simultaneously on improving the serum lipoprotein profile and lowering serum plant sterol concentrations.

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