This technical overview of basic cryptographic components ( including extensive diagrams and graphics ) explains the evolution of cryptography from the simplest concepts to some modern concepts.

This dynamic vision of economic evolution is very different from the neo-classical economics tradition, which in its simplest form assumed that only a single outcome could possibly be reached, regardless of initial conditions or transitory events.

Another stance is that since evolution is the simplest explanation it is the most reasonable to accept under the condition that it is not random but occurs only with the permission of God every step of the way.

The five standard episodes depict the evolution of life on Earth in perspective with our place in the universe-from the simplest microbes to the complexity and diversity that is found on the planet today.

The simplest description of the correspondence is using the Schensted algorithm, a procedure that constructs one tableau by successively inserting the values of the permutation according to a specific rule, while the other tableau records the evolution of the shape during construction.

The simplest defensive strategy is the one-on-one defense ( also known as " man-to-man ", " man " or simply " person "), where each defender guards a specific offensive player, called their " mark ".

Although the rules are quite simple ( and were the simplest rules in the 2001 8x8 Game Design Competition ), the strategy is complex and sophisticated.

Notably, it was ( on both occasions ) both the simplest strategy and the most successful.

The simplest strategy to deal with this is to completely flush the TLB.

c. Corbett did not believe that the concentration of naval forces at sea was the highest and simplest law of strategy.

The simplest strategy is to minimize the amount of electrical equipment installed in a hazardous area, either by keeping the equipment out of the area altogether or by making the area less hazardous by process improvements or ventilation with clean air.

In its simplest form, the sensor operates as an analog transducer, directly returning a voltage.

The simplest and most common form of ASK operates as a switch, using the presence of a carrier wave to indicate a binary one and its absence to indicate a binary zero.

In its simplest sense, a web template operates similarly to a form letter for use in setting up a website.

Imperative ADT definitions often depend on the concept of an abstract variable, which may be regarded as the simplest non-trivial ADT.

The simplest example is when the defensive team records two outs and makes an error on a play that would have been the third out.

In the simplest cases, the measure of central tendency is an average of a set of measurements, the word average being variously construed as mean, median, or other measure of location, depending on the context.

The simplest kind of automated collation is based on the numerical codes of the symbols in a character set, such as ASCII coding ( or any of its supersets such as Unicode ), with the symbols being ordered in increasing numerical order of their codes, and this ordering being extended to strings in accordance with the basic principles of alphabetical ordering ( mathematically speaking, lexicographical ordering ).

Based on this argument, the privileged frame, wherein the laws of physics take on the simplest form, is a stationary frame in which no fictitious forces need to be invoked.

* A beacon is perhaps the simplest non-electronic digital signal, with just two states ( on and off ).

According to this theory, living beings were classified on an ideal pyramid that represented the simplest animals on the lower levels, with complexity increasing progressively toward the top, occupied by human beings.

The simplest classification is based on etiology: either infective or non-infective, depending on whether a microorganism is the source of the inflammation or not.

The simplest stompbox pedals have a single footswitch ; one to three potentiometers for controlling the effect, gain or tone ; and a single LED display to indicate whether the effect is on or not.

The simplest is via FProxy, which is integrated with the node software and provides a web interface to content on the network.

The simplest visual form of fingerspelling is tracing the shape of letters in the air, or tactually, tracing letters on the hand.

The simplest form of effective fan to cool a shelter is a wide, heavy frame with flaps that swing in the shelter's doorway and can be swung from hinges on the ceiling.

Most of the attempts to lower or prove the complexity of FFT algorithms have focused on the ordinary complex-data case, because it is the simplest.

With this additional condition — the covariant divergence of the energy – momentum tensor, and hence of whatever is on the other side of the equation, is zero — the simplest set of equations are what are called Einstein's ( field ) equations:

The simplest type of such a wave can be visualized by its action on a ring of freely floating particles.

The relationship depends on the internal density distribution, or, in simplest terms, the degree of central concentration of mass.

In the simplest method, the pot sits in a shallow solution of fertilizer and water or on a capillary mat saturated with nutrient solution.

Even the simplest designs avoid the vicious circle of rocket launches from the surface, the difficulty that: the fuel needed to travel the last 10 % of the distance to orbit must be lifted all the way from the surface ; that requires extra fuel ; most of the extra fuel must be lifted most of the way before it is burned ; that requires more extra fuel ; and so on.

For example, on the simplest of principles, one might expect to have standing waves in the extra compactified dimension ( s ).

The simplest way to define infinite dimensional Lie groups is to model them on Banach spaces, and in this case much of the basic theory is similar to that of finite dimensional Lie groups.

In its simplest form, l ' Hôpital's rule states that for functions and which are differentiable on

For emergency signals, Morse code can be sent by way of improvised sources that can be easily " keyed " on and off, making it one of the simplest and most versatile methods of telecommunication.

One of the simplest characterizations of the Pareto distribution, when used to model the distribution of incomes, says that the proportion of the population whose income exceeds any positive number x > x < sub > m </ sub > is

In probability theory, a branching process is a Markov process that models a population in which each individual in generation n produces some random number of individuals in generation n + 1, according, in the simplest case, to a fixed probability distribution that does not vary from individual to individual.

The mean of a sample from a population having a normal distribution is an example of a simple statistic taken from one of the simplest statistical populations.

; Incidence matrix: The graph is represented by a matrix of size | V | ( number of vertices ) by | E | ( number of edges ) where the entry edge contains the edge's endpoint data ( simplest case: 1-incident, 0-not incident ).

The size of the bilaterian nervous system ranges from a few hundred cells in the simplest worms, to on the order of 100 billion cells in humans.

Tail drop is the simplest and most easily implemented ; the router simply drops packets once the length of the queue exceeds the size of the buffers in the router.

Real intervals play an important role in the theory of integration, because they are the simplest sets whose " size " or " measure " or " length " is easy to define.

In its simplest form, this is normally by identification of a common measure of effect size, of which a weighted average might be the output of a meta-analysis.

The simplest is to add null bytes to the plaintext to bring its length up to a multiple of the block size, but care must be taken that the original length of the plaintext can be recovered ; this is so, for example, if the plaintext is a C style string which contains no null bytes except at the end.

The simplest bearings are nothing more than bearing surfaces, which are surfaces cut or formed into a part, with some degree of control over the quality of the surface's form, size, surface roughness, and location ( from a little control to a lot, depending on the application ).

It is one of the simplest and least expensive designs for a given size of primary, and is popular with amateur telescope makers as a home-build project.

In string theory, the string width is set ( in the simplest cases ) by the fundamental string scale, warp factors ( associated to the spacetime curvature of an internal six-dimensional spacetime manifold ) and / or the size of internal compact dimensions.

There is only one kind of Drawing-room as regards purpose: there is little difference, except in size and evidence of opulence, between that of the duchess and that of the simplest gentlewoman in the neighborhood.

In its simplest form, a small tabletop or lab size machine can be used to heat small cut sections of plastic sheet and stretch it over a mold using vacuum.

The simplest guard against such problems is to increase the size of the buffer — if an incoming data stream needs to be read at 1 bit per second, a buffer of 10 bits would allow the connection to be blocked for up to 10 seconds before failing, whereas one of 60 bits would allow a blockage of up to a minute.

The simplest technique to limit queue size is known as tail drop.

Suppose we have a password hash function H and a finite set of passwords P. The goal is to precompute a data structure that, given any output h of the hash function, can either locate an element p in P such that H ( p ) = h, or determine that there is no such p in P. The simplest way to do this is compute H ( p ) for all p in P, but then storing the table requires Θ (| P | n ) bits of space, where n is the size of an output of H, which is prohibitive for large P.