Soon after Hermias ' death, Aristotle was invited by Philip II of Macedon to become the tutor to his son Alexander in 343 BC.

Amyntas III ( Greek: Ἀμύντας Γ ΄, died 370 BC ), son of Arrhidaeus and father of Philip II, was king of Macedon in 393 BC, and again from 392 to 370 BC.

Others who were either killed or captured at the actual Battle were as follows: King Jean II ; Prince Philip ( youngest son and progenitor of the House of Valois-Burgundy ), Geoffroi de Charny, carrier of the Oriflamme, Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, Walter VI, Count of Brienne and Constable of France, Jean de Clermont, Marshal of France, Arnoul d ' Audrehem, the Count of Eu, the Count of Marche and Ponthieu Jacques de Bourbon taken prisoner at the Battle and died 1361, the Count of Étampes, the Count of Tancarville, the Count of Dammartin, the Count of Joinville, Guillaume de Melun, Archbishop of Sens.

His youngest son, Philip, stayed with him and fought at his side in the final phase of the battle.

* Prince Philip, the King's youngest son and progenitor of the House of Valois-Burgundy, captured

In the course of a plot between Philip of Swabia, Boniface of Montferrat and the Doge of Venice, the Fourth Crusade was, despite papal excommunication, diverted in 1203 against Constantinople, ostensibly promoting the claims of Alexius son of the deposed emperor Isaac.

His grandfather, Thomas Francis, founder of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy, was the son of Catherine Michelle – a daughter of Philip II of Spain – and the great-grandson of the Emperor Charles V. But of more immediate consequence to Leopold I was the fact that Eugene was the second cousin of Victor Amadeus, the Duke of Savoy, a connection that the Emperor hoped might prove useful in any future confrontation with France.

To his concerns regarding his new heir, Louis, who had been destined for the monastic life of a younger son ( the former heir, Philip, having died from a riding accident ), was added joy over the death of one of his most powerful vassals – and the availability of the best duchy in France.

John Speed, in his 1611 work History of Great Britain, mentions the possibility that Eleanor had a son named Philip, who died young.

Mary's initial popularity ebbed away in 1554 when she announced plans to marry Prince Philip of Spain, the son of Emperor Charles V and an active Catholic.

On 14 April 1589 Oxford was among the peers who found Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel, the eldest son and heir of Oxford's cousin, Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, guilty of treason.

He was chef to Philip VI, then the Dauphin who was son of John II.

Keillor was born in Anoka, Minnesota, the son of Grace Ruth ( née Denham ) and John Philip Keillor, who was a carpenter and postal worker .< ref >

As his son, Frederick II, though already elected king, was still a small child and living in Sicily, German princes chose to elect an adult king, which resulted in the dual election of Frederick Barbarossa's youngest son Philip of Swabia and Henry the Lion's son Otto of Brunswick, who competed for the crown.

The latter would end up going to a more junior branch of the Habsburgs in the person of Charles's brother Ferdinand, while the senior branch continued rule in Spain and in the Burgundian inheritance in the person of Charles's son, Philip II of Spain.

After his son Philip married Queen Mary of England, it appeared that France would be completely surrounded by Habsburg domains, but this hope proved unfounded when the marriage produced no children.

Juana, Isabella's second daughter, married into the Habsburg dynasty when she wed Philip the Handsome, the son of Maximilian I, King of Bohemia ( Austria ) and entitled to the crown of the Holy Roman Emperor.

Philip II died in 1598, and was succeeded by his son Philip III.

Philip III was succeeded in 1621 by his son Philip IV of Spain ( reigned 1621 – 1665 ).

Mary then married her cousin Philip, son of the emperor Charles V, and King of Spain when Charles abdicated in 1556.

In 1198, two rival kings were chosen: the Hohenstaufen Philip of Swabia and the son of the deprived Duke Henry the Lion, the Welf Otto IV.

Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy and Theresa of León, the natural daughter of King Alfonso VI of León.

His son, Henry VI becomes King of England at the age of 9 months.

When Valdemar died in 1182, his son succeeded him as Canute VI, and Absalon served as Canute VI's counsellor.

Aldona had two daughters, Cunigunde ( died in 1357 ), who married Louis VI the Roman, the son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, on 1 January 1345, and Elisabeth ( died in 1361 ), who was married to Duke Bogislaus V of Pomerania.

The work of producing English-language books for use in the liturgy was largely that of Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury at first under the reign of Henry VIII, only more radically under his son Edward VI.

Following the accession of King James VI of Scotland to the throne of England, his son King Charles I, with the assistance of Archbishop Laud sought to impose the prayer book on Scotland.

The daughters from this marriage were Cunigunde ( d. 1357 ), who was married to Louis VI the Roman, the son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, and Elisabeth, who was married to Duke Bogislaus V of Pomerania.

The second son of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark, Charles was born in Dunfermline Palace, Fife, on 19 November 1600.

He was the son of Pope Alexander VI and his long-term mistress Vannozza dei Cattanei.

He was born in Rome — in either 1475 or 1476 — the son of Cardinal Rodrigo de Lanzol y Borgia, soon to become Pope Alexander VI, and his mistress Vannozza dei Cattanei, about whom information is sparse.

Ferdinand's son, Alfonso VI of Castile took the title in 1077.

In secular matters, Raymond VI of Toulouse, his son ( afterwards Raymond VII ), and Raymond-Roger of Foix attended the Council to dispute the threatened confiscation of their territories ; Bishop Foulques and Guy de Montfort ( brother of Simon ) argued in favour of the confiscation.

Provence, a possession of Raymond VI, was confiscated and kept in trust to be restored to his son if he proved worthy of it.

Under his son and successor, Henry VI, the Hohenstaufen dynasty reached its apex.

He died in January 1547 at the age of 55 and was succeeded by his son, Edward VI.

Captured by Bothwell's rivals, Mary was imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle, and in July 1567, was forced to abdicate in favour of her infant son James VI.

Frederick died in 1190 while on the Third Crusade and was succeeded by his son, Henry VI.

The Austrian branch went extinct in the male person in 1740 with the death of Charles VI and in the female person in 1780 with the death of his daughter Maria Theresa and was succeeded by the Vaudemont branch of the House of Lorraine in the person of her son Joseph II.

His nine year old son, Edward VI becomes King, and the first Protestant ruler of England.

* 1186 – Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, marries Constance of Sicily.

* 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate and replaced by her 1-year-old son James VI.

At the age of ten, she married King Haakon VI of Norway and Sweden, who was the son of King Magnus IV of Sweden and Norway.

Amalric II had already inherited Cyprus from Guy, and had been crowned king by Frederick Barbarossa's son, Emperor Henry VI.