In many species of frog and in most lungless salamanders ( Plethodontidae ), direct development takes place, the larvae growing within the eggs and emerging as miniature adults.

In 1551 the Council of Trent definitively declared: " Because Christ our Redeemer said that it was truly his body that he was offering under the species of bread 6: 51, it has always been the conviction of the Church of God, and this holy Council now declares again, that by the consecration of the bread and wine there takes place a change of the whole substance of the bread into the substance of the body of Christ our Lord and of the whole substance of the wine into the substance of his blood.

The fur of felids takes many different forms, being much thicker in those species that live in cold environments, such as the Snow Leopard.

Since it takes many generations for a microbe and a new host species to co-evolve, an emerging pathogen may hit its earliest victims especially hard.

In one, typified by the Northern Jacana and some other ground-living birds, the female takes on much the same role as the male in a polygynous species, holding a large territory within which several males build nests.

This fact suggests that it should be named Equus burchelli quagga ; however, according to the rules of biological nomenclature, where there are two or more alternative names for a single species, the name first used takes priority.

Darwin takes as an example a country where a change in conditions led to extinction of some species, immigration of others and, where suitable variations occurred, descendants of some species became adapted to new conditions.

Sourdough ( also known as " levain " or " natural leaven ") takes the pre-ferment method a step further, mixing flour and water to allow naturally occurring yeast and bacteria to propagate ( usually Saccharomyces exiguus, which is more acid-tolerant than S. cerevisiae and various species of Lactobacillus ).

The fruit is a nut called an acorn, borne in a cup-like structure known as a cupule ; each acorn contains one seed ( rarely two or three ) and takes 6 – 18 months to mature, depending on species.

The species lenticularis ( Cc len ) takes its name from the lens-shaped structure of this cloud which is tapered at each end.

In the open – thelycum species, mating takes place towards the end of the moulting cycle, and usually at sunset.

In closed – thelycum species, mating takes place shortly after moulting, when the exoskeleton is still soft, and usually occurs in the night.

Though Dattero di mare ( Lithophaga lithophaga ) was once eaten, overfishing drove it to the verge of extinction ( it takes 15 to 35 years to reach adult size and could only be harvested by smashing the calcarean rocks that form its habitat ) and the Italian government has declared it an endangered species since 1998 and its harvest and sale are forbidden.

In the case of those honey bee species with open combs ( e. g., A. dorsata ), would-be predators are given a warning signal that takes the form of a ' Mexican wave ' which spreads as a ripple across a layer of bees densely packed on the surface of the comb when a threat is perceived, and consists of bees momentarily arching their bodies and flicking their wings.

Citizens of the Culture refer to a normal human as " human-basic " and the vast majority opt for significant enhancements ; severed limbs grow back, sexual physiology can be voluntarily changed from male to female and back ( though the process itself takes time ), sexual stimulation and endurance are strongly heightened in both sexes ( something that is often subject of envious debate among other species ), pain can be switched off, toxins can be bypassed away from the digestive system, automatic functions such as breathing or heart rate can be switched to conscious control, and bones and muscles adapt quickly to changes in gravity without the need to exercise.

The color that meat takes is partly determined by the oxidation states of the iron atom in myoglobin and the oxygen species attached to it.

Limax maximus was established first, so if Wiktor's 2001 classification is accepted, Limax maximus takes precedence over Limax maculatus and has to be used for the species.

The color takes its name from a species of plant, Narcissus jonquilla, which has clusters of small fragrant yellow flowers, and is native to the Mediterranean.

The staminode takes a variety of forms in the different species ; while typically a long straight filament extending to the mouth of the corolla, some are longer and extremely hairy, giving the general appearance of an open mouth with a fuzzy tongue protruding and inspiring the common name beardtongue.

The data on which they are based is noisy ; the analysis can be confounded by horizontal gene transfer, hybridisation between species that were not nearest neighbors on the tree before hybridisation takes place, convergent evolution, and conserved sequences.

This barrier takes the form of a lipid bilayer in all known life forms except for a few species of archaea which utilize a specially adapted lipid monolayer.

Where sociobiology attempts to understand the actions of all animal species within the context of advantageous and disadvantageous behaviors, primatology takes an exclusive look at the order Primates, which includes Homo sapiens.

However, where afforestation takes place in areas that were previously underutilised by Hen Harriers, it may increase the value of such areas to this species in the long-term ( Wilson et al.

For here if anywhere in contemporary literature is a major effort to counterbalance Existentialism and restore some of its former lustre to the tarnished image of the species Man, or, as Malraux himself puts it, `` to make men conscious of the grandeur they ignore in themselves ''.

`` The other day Arnold Toynbee spoke against the inveterate tendency of our species to believe in the uniqueness of its religions, its ideologies, and its virtually everything else.

The name thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH ) has been given to a substance found in the anterior pituitary gland of all species of animal so tested for its presence.

* Introduced species, a species not native to its environment

The presence of a particular species in an area may be more easily discerned by its characteristic call than by a fleeting glimpse of the animal itself.

The frog Allobates zaparo is not poisonous but mimics the appearance of other toxic species in its locality, a strategy that may deceive predators.

* Ada aurantiaca, species of orchid and the type species of its genus

A more or less typical monocotyledon, the species can be recognized by its shortly branched inflorescence covered with branched hairs ( giving rise to the common name of Lamb's-tail ).

By its inclusion the order has grown enormously in number of species.

Loyalty requires affection also to the office of the Sovereign, attachment to royalty, attachment to the law and to the constitution of the realm, and he who would, by force or by fraud, endeavour to prostrate that law and constitution, though he may retain his affection for its head, can boast but an imperfect and spurious species of loyalty ( R v O ' Connell ( 1844 ) 7 ILR 261 ).

As befits its weedy life history, amaranth grains grow very rapidly and their large seedheads can weigh up to 1 kilogram and contain a half-million seeds in three species of amaranth.

Perfumes can still be found with ambergris around the world, it is collected from remains found at sea and on beaches, although its precursor originates from the sperm whale, which is a vulnerable species.

The type species of its genus, it is native to the Nearctic ecozone, originating in the lower Rio Grande and the Neueces and Pecos Rivers in Texas as well as the central and eastern parts of Mexico and Somalia.

A. mexicanus is a peaceful species that spends most of its time in the mid-level of the water above the rocky and sandy bottoms of pools and backwaters of creeks and rivers of its native environment.

Another likely explanation for the loss of its eyes is that of selective neutrality and genetic drift: in the dark environment of the cave, the eyes are neither advantageous nor disadvantageous and thus any genetic factors that might impair the eyes ( or their development ) can take hold with no consequence on the individual or species.

By " time-gating " the detector for the arrival of a particular species of interest its crystallographic distribution on the surface, and as a function of depth, can be determined.

A paradox in metabolism is that, while the vast majority of complex life on Earth requires oxygen for its existence, oxygen is a highly reactive molecule that damages living organisms by producing reactive oxygen species.

The amount of protection provided by any one antioxidant will also depend on its concentration, its reactivity towards the particular reactive oxygen species being considered, and the status of the antioxidants with which it interacts.

The largest genera are Draba ( 365 species ), Cardamine ( 200 species, but its definition is controversial ), Erysimum ( 225 species ), Lepidium ( 230 species ), and Alyssum ( 195 species ).