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The storm's persistent strong currents and easterly winds caused moderate beach erosion on the East Coast of the United States, mostly along the Florida coast.
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storm's and persistent
Evidence of a supercell comes from the storm's shape and structure, and cloud tower features such as a hard and vigorous updraft tower, a persistent, large overshooting top, a hard anvil ( especially when backsheared against strong upper level winds ), and a corkscrew look or striations.
storm's and strong
Along the coastline, storm surge and strong waves washed away several fishing piers, and some roadways were underwater during the storm's passage.
Further inland, the combination of strong winds and rains left heavy crop damage, destroying 3 million bushels of corn and another million bushels of soybeans ; losses to the corn crop were mitigated due to about half of the crop having been harvested before the storm's arrival.
Hurricane-force winds were measured in Guayama for 18 hours ; since the storm is estimated to have been moving at 13 mph ( 21 km / h ), the diameter of the storm's hurricane winds was estimated very roughly to be 234 miles ( 376 km ).< ref name =" mwr-pr "> After leaving the Caribbean, the hurricane moved across the Bahamas as a strong Category 4 hurricane.
On August 26, a strong frontal trough weakened the high pressure system to the storm's north, causing a turn to the north during the next few days.
The storm's eye is clearly visible, surrounded by the strong storms of the eye ( cyclone ) | eyewall.
This followed the development of a strong convective banding feature to the southeast of the storm's center.
storm's and currents
The effect of waves, while directly powered by the wind, is distinct from a storm's wind-powered currents.
storm's and winds
The storm's winds further weakened the damaged levees in New Orleans and caused renewed flooding in parts of the city.
This was immediately followed by an abrupt weakening, and the storm's maximum sustained winds dropped to later that day.
Most of the houses, businesses, and other buildings suffered roof damage from the storm's ferocious winds.
Throughout its duration, it was a small tropical cyclone, although with a radius of gale force winds spreading 100 miles ( 160 km ) to the north, the storm's thunderstorm area quickly spread over Cuba.
Although Noreasters can produce winds that are similar to those in hurricanes, they do not produce the storm surge that proved to be the 1938 storm's greatest killer.
The storm's power was made apparent by its sustained hurricane-force winds of approximately with gusts to and the formation of an eye-like structure in the middle of the storm.
The fierce northeast winds from the storm — with the low pressure area stalled off of Martha's Vineyard — combined with astronomically high tides and storm surge resulting from the storm's low pressure to send water over low-lying land along the shores of Long Island Sound, Cape Cod Bay, and other bodies of water, resulting in some of the worst coastal flooding ever recorded.
It brought 70 mph ( 110 km / h ) winds to Turks and Caicos Islands and South Andros, as well as precipitation in the storm's outer bands.
During thunderstorm formation, winds move in a direction opposite to the storm's travel, and they move from all directions into the thunderstorm.
At time of Irene's arrival, red tides were ongoing in western Florida ; winds from the storm's precursor blew thousands of dead fish ashore.
Diamond Shoal Light reported sustained winds of 100 mph ( 160 km / h ), and Cape Hatteras, where the storm's eye came ashore, experienced 75 mph ( 120 km / h ) winds.
The storm's severe winds, waves, and storm surge left numerous beaches, piers, and other coastal structures heavily impaired.
Usually, such low readings near the coast of the Gulf of Mexico are observed only in hurricanes of Category 2 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale, Overall, the storm's surge, winds, and tornadoes damaged or destroyed 18, 000 homes.
Upon coming ashore, the storm's eye was about 20 km ( 12 mi ) wide, with gale-force winds within 95 km ( 60 mi ) of the center.
The storm's winds peaked at as it curved northeast out to sea, dissipating a couple days later.
In Halifax, Nova Scotia, the storm's moderately powerful winds downed telephone and telegraph wires and uproofed several buildings.
Along the Florida Panhandle, the storm's winds impacted power, telephone, and telegraph lines, and inflicted $ 2, 000 worth of damage to a dock warehouse.
The 160 mph ( 260 km / h ) wind measurement from Puerto Rico was taken by a cup anemometer in San Juan, 30 miles ( 50 km ) north of the storm's center, which measured 160 mph ( 260 km / h ) sustained winds three hours before the peak wind speed was reached ; however, the instrument was destroyed soon after and could not be calibrated.
Tides at Norfolk, Virginia were only slightly above normal during the storm's passage to the east, and winds were moderate in strength.
storm's and caused
In November 1999, Nevis was hit by Hurricane Lenny, which caused some heavy damage to the island's infrastructure on the western coast, because of the storm's unusual track from west to east.
Late on September 20, this set-up caused the storm's forward speed to increase substantially.
Throughout the Caribbean Sea, the storm's effects consisted primarily of light rainfall, and in Florida, the precipitation caused flooding and minor damage.
Becoming a Category 2 storm while southeast of Cozumel, Storm Two nicked the northern tip of the Yucatan peninsula, but caused little effect, perhaps because of the storm's small size.
An unspecified number of deaths were caused by the hurricane, and despite the damage, an August 1911 issue of the Monthly Weather Review described the storm's effects as lighter than expected, estimating total damage in Pensacola at $ 12, 000 ( 1911 USD, $ 280, 000 2011 USD ).
Although much of the storm's damage was caused by straight-line winds ( see downburst ), several tornadoes were reported.
storm's and moderate
Carmen dropped moderate rainfall along its path, although the heaviest rainfall occurred well to the east of the storm's center, in southern Alabama and the northern Florida Panhandle.
storm's and beach
In his autobiography, Isaac Cline claimed that he had taken it upon himself to travel along the beach and other low-lying areas warning people personally of the storm's approach.
storm's and on
ANG personnel arrived on the Gulf Coast on 29 August, a few hours after the storm's arrival.
Brooklyn, Queens, and Nassau counties, located on the western end of Long Island, were hammered with wind gusts in excess of 100 m. p. h., but escaped the worst of the wind and storm surge due to being on the storm's weaker west side.
Most of the locals who worked on the floats and rode on them were significantly affected by the storm's aftermath.
The storm's remnants continued to the northeast, dissipating on August 31 about 320 mi ( 520 km ) west of Spain.
By late on September 14, a hurricane hunters flight indicated that the storm's structure no longer resembled that of a tropical cyclone.
: A first-hand account of the storm's impact on climbers on the mountain's other side, the North Ridge, where several climbers also died.
At first, the storm's proximity to Hispaniola prevented further strengthening, but by August 31, it had managed to intensify into a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir – Simpson Hurricane Scale.
The storm's maximum sustained wind speeds peaked at, achieving Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.
" The New War ," the first Mack Bolan novel after Don Pendleton turned over Executioner series to Gold Eagle, is set during Hurricane Frederic with the storm's devastation having a major effect on the story.
Contrary to predictions, by late on September 22, the storm had turned northeast, and some residents of Florida were still unaware of the storm's threat despite the issuance of hurricane warnings 24 hours in advance.
Although damage was severe along coastal southeast Florida, relatively few deaths were reported in those areas ; the storm's deadliest blow was on Lake Okeechobee as the eyewall crossed.
This was the result of the storm's cyclonic motion, a phenomenon rarely seen on the Great Lakes.
The storm's enormous regional economic impact helped end the Florida land boom of the 1920s and pushed the region on an early start into the Great Depression.
Three main classes of tropical cyclone guidance models exist: Statistical models are based on an analysis of storm behavior using climatology, and correlate a storm's position and date to produce a forecast that is not based on the physics of the atmosphere at the time.
The sole tropical storm's formation on September 14 represents the latest start to a hurricane season since officials records began in 1851.
A station on the island recorded a minimum pressure of 994 mbar, as well as during the storm's passage.
0.173 seconds.