Unlike AIX / 370, AIX / ESA ran both natively as the host operating system, and as a guest under VM.

The best known such system was Centram's FlashTalk, which ran at 768 kbit / s, and was intended to be used with their TOPS networking system.

These ran the BTOS operating system, which Burroughs licensed from Convergent Technologies.

As of 2004, the nation ’ s railway system consisted of a state-controlled 660 km section of a 1, 146 km narrow gauge railroad that ran north from Abidjan through Bouaké and Ferkéssédougou to Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

The medieval European Knights Templar ran an early prototype of a central banking system, as their promises to pay were widely respected, and many regard their activities as having laid the basis for the modern banking system.

These troops policed labor camps ; ran the Gulag system ; conducted requisitions of food ; subjected political opponents to torture and summary execution ; and put down rebellions and riots by workers or peasants, and mutinies in the desertion-plagued Red Army.

The Strata Diocletiana, which ran from the Euphrates to Palmyra and northeast Arabia, is the classic Diocletianic frontier system, consisting of an outer road followed by tightly spaced forts followed by further fortifications in the rear.

In 2006 Commonwealth Bank and MasterCard ran a six-month trial of the contactless smart card system PayPass in Sydney and Wollongong,

In the first post-independence election, held under a parliamentary system, neither party was able to win a majority ; the leaders subsequently agreed against a two-party system and ran with a single list of candidates.

To offset these increased rates for residential users, the National Congress initiated a system of direct subsidies that ran through 1992.

Microsoft had a double gain from its release: first, it made it impossible for consumers to run Windows 95 on a cheaper, non-Microsoft DOS ; secondly, although traces of DOS were never completely removed from the system and MS DOS 7 would be loaded briefly as a part of the booting process, Windows 95 applications ran solely in 386 enhanced mode, with a flat 32-bit address space and virtual memory.

Therefore, to keep its economy afloat, Japan ran massive budget deficits ( added trillions in Yen to Japanese financial system ) to finance large public works programs.

The KSR systems ran a specially customized version of the OSF / 1 operating system, a Unix variant, with programs compiled by a KSR-specific port of the Greenhills C and FORTRAN compilers.

Eventually, beset by delays and in spite of all of the media coverage and apparent demand for the machine, the project ultimately went under when Konix ran out of cash without a completed system ever being released.

Comair airline company fired its CEO in 2004 due to the failure of an antiquated legacy crew scheduling system that ran into a limitation not known to anyone in the company.

In 1985 CompuNet started a project named Multi-User Galaxy Game as a Science Fiction alternative to MUD1 which ran on their system at the time.

They were also completely compatible with the DEC KL10, and ran all KL10 binaries ( including the operating system ) with no modifications at about 2-3 times faster than a KL10.

MGlobal also ported their implementation to the DOS platform where it ran as a guest operating system started from DOS.

These instructions displayed system information on the screen, ran memory checks, and then loaded an operating system from an external or peripheral device ( disk drive ).

TSC produced a Unix-like operating system uniFlex which ran only on such machines.

Because OS / 2 only ran the user-mode system components of Windows, it was not compatible with Windows device drivers ( VxDs ) and applications needing them.

The SCO Group, who argued they were the rightful owners of the copyrights covering the Unix operating system, attempted to revoke IBM's license to sell or distribute the AIX operating system.

AIX / 370 was IBM's third attempt to offer Unix-like functionality for their mainframe line, specifically the System / 370 ( the prior versions were a TSS / 370 based Unix system developed jointly with AT & T c. 1980, and VM / IX a VM / 370 based system developed jointly with Interactive Systems Corporation c. 1984 ).

TWA canceled the project in 1970, acquiring one IBM System / 360 Model 75, two IBM System / 360 model 65s, and IBM's PARS software for its reservations system.

The two main data models at this time were the hierarchical model, epitomized by IBM's IMS system, and the Codasyl model ( Network model ), implemented in a number of products such as IDMS.

Mature versions of the Commodore, SWTPC, Atari and Apple home computer systems all featured a disk operating system ( actually called ' DOS ' in the case of the Commodore 64 ( CBM DOS ), Atari 800 ( Atari DOS ), and Apple II machines ( Apple DOS )), as did ( at the other end of the hardware spectrum, and much earlier ) IBM's System / 360, 370 and ( later ) 390 series of mainframes ( e. g., DOS / 360: Disk Operating System / 360 and DOS / VSE: Disk Operating System / Virtual Storage Extended ).

Kildall accepted, believing that IBM's new system ( like its previous personal computers ) would not be a significant commercial success.

Microsoft and 3Com worked together to create a simple network operating system which formed the base of 3Com's 3 + Share, Microsoft's LAN Manager and IBM's LAN Server-but none of these were particularly successful.

* Micronetics Design Corporation with a product line called MSM for UNIX and Intel PC platforms ( later ported to IBM's VM operating system, VAX-VMS platforms and Alpha-VMS platforms )

Software upgrades usually require setting up the operating system or portions thereof, and are non-disruptive only when using virtualizing facilities such as IBM's Z / OS and Parallel Sysplex, or Unisys ' XPCL, which support workload sharing so that one system can take over another's application while it is being refreshed.

IBM also released server editions of Warp 3 and Warp 4 which bundled IBM's LAN Server product directly into the operating system installation.

Open source operating systems such as Linux have already profited from OS / 2 indirectly through IBM's release of the improved JFS file system which was ported from the OS / 2 code base.

IBM's CP / CMS, the first systems to allow full virtualization, implemented time sharing by providing each user with a single-user operating system, the CMS.

The pioneer system using this concept was IBM's CP-40, the first ( 1967 ) version of IBM's CP / CMS ( 1967 – 1972 ) and the precursor to IBM's VM family ( 1972 – present ).

* Multiprogramming with a Fixed number of Tasks, an option of the OS / 360 operating system that was available for IBM's System / 360 mainframe

As part of IBM's Systems branding initiative in 2006, it was again renamed to System i. The codename of the AS / 400 project was " Silver Lake ", named for the lake in downtown Rochester, Minnesota, where development of the system took place.

The operating system has undergone name changes along with the rebranding of IBM's server lineup.

* The Vesta parallel file system, a precursor of IBM's GPFS

It had a full set of hardware and software components: a disk operating system included in a series of programmable read-only memory chips ( PROMs ); 8 Kilobytes of RAM ; IBM's Basic Assembly Language ( BAL ); a hard drive ; a color display ; a printer output ; a 150 bit / s serial interface for connecting to a mainframe ; and even the world's first microcomputer front panel.

IBM Informix is a product family within IBM's Information Management division that is centered on several relational database management system ( RDBMS ) offerings.

This sparked the introduction of the much more powerful AltiVec system in the Motorola PowerPC's and IBM's POWER systems.