Karl Dönitz used the term Rudeltaktik to describe his strategy of submarine warfare — Rudeltaktik translates best as " tactics " of a " pack " of animals and has become known in English as " wolfpack " ( Wolfsrudel ), a more accurate metaphoric, but not literal, translation.

However, with the opening shots of the Iraq War in March, 2003, the term " wolfpack " was brought back into use to describe the fleet of American and British nuclear submarines which operated together in the Red Sea, firing Tomahawk missiles at Iraqi targets.

The term idea refers to our more reflective or thoughtful consciousness as opposed to the immediacies of sensuous or emotional experience.

This term refers to the ability of a material to resist bending stress and is determined by measuring the load required to cause failure by bending.

The term Afroasiatic Urheimat ( Urheimat meaning " original homeland " in German ) refers to the ' hypothetical ' place where Proto-Afroasiatic speakers lived in a single linguistic community, or complex of communities, before this original language dispersed geographically and divided into distinct languages.

The term also broadly refers to any enterprise that is potentially fraught with physical, financial or psychological risk, such as a business venture, a love affair, or other major life undertakings.

While not entirely synonymous with Anatolia, the term Asia Minor, derived from the Latin Asia Minores, refers to Asia inside the Roman Empire, versus Asia Magna, all of Asia beyond the borders.

Art is a term that describes a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities, but here refers to the visual arts, which cover the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media.

The term " pure " abjad refers to scripts entirely lacking in vowel indicators.

The term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks.

An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term " the Alps ", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals ; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey analog signals.

Some scholars favor the unhyphenated form antisemitism to avoid possible confusion involving whether the term refers specifically to Jews, or to Semitic-language speakers as a whole.

The term Rococo was derived from the French word " rocaille ", which means pebbles and refers to the stones and shells used to decorate the interiors of caves.

In modern English, " Americans " generally refers to residents of the United States, and among native speakers of English this usage is almost universal, with any other use of the term requiring specification of the subject under discussion.

The term amide refers both to classes of compounds and to the functional group ( R < sub > n </ sub > E ( O )< sub > x </ sub > NR '< sub > 2 </ sub >) within those compounds.

Alternative medicine is frequently grouped with complementary medicine or integrative medicine, which, in general, refers to the same interventions when used in conjunction with mainstream techniques, under the umbrella term complementary and alternative medicine, or CAM.

The term originally came from antibody generator and was a molecule that binds specifically to an antibody, but the term now also refers to any molecule or molecular fragment that can be bound by a major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) and presented to a T-cell receptor.

The term " Islamic " refers not only to the religion, but to any form of art created in an Islamic culture or in an Islamic context.

Similar viewpoints have been expressed by Stanley Crouch in a New York Daily News piece, Charles Steele, Jr. of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and African-American columnist David Ehrenstein of the LA Times who accused white liberals of flocking to blacks who were " Magic Negros ", a term that refers to a black person with no past who simply appears to assist the mainstream white ( as cultural protagonists / drivers ) agenda.

The term " last rites " refers to administration to a dying person not only of this sacrament but also of Penance and Holy Communion, the last of which, when administered in such circumstances, is known as " Viaticum ", a word whose original meaning in Latin was " provision for the journey ".

: Science of the mind, or cultural or spiritual science ), a term generally used in German to refer to the humanities and social sciences ; in fact, the term " science " is used more broadly in Europe as a general term that refers to any exact knowledge.

The term ahimsa appears in the text Taittiriya Shakha of the Yajurveda ( TS 5. 2. 8. 7 ), where it refers to non-injury to the sacrificer himself.

The term Transonic refers to a range of velocities just below and above the local speed of sound ( generally taken as Mach 0. 8 – 1. 2 ).

Moral equivalence is a term used in political debate, usually to criticize any denial that a moral hierarchy can be assessed of two sides in a conflict, or in the actions or tactics of two sides.

Hoffman states that “ even the most cursory review of terrorist tactics and targets over the past quarter century reveals that terrorists have violated all these rules .” Hoffman also states that when states transgress these rules of war “ the term “ war crime ” is used to describe such acts .”

Referring to non-military uses of the term, in his work The Practice of Everyday Life, French scholar Michel de Certeau suggests strategy and tactics are alike in that they both operate in space and time.

* Strategy, including: Funding sources ( individuals, corporations, foundations, donors / governments, endowments, sales / events ) and business model ( independent research, contract work, advocacy ); The balance between research, consultancy, and advocacy ; The source of their arguments: Ideology, values or interests ; applied, empirical or synthesis research ; or theoretical or academic research ( Stephen Yeo ); The manner in which the research agenda is developed — by senior members of the think tank or by individual researchers, or by the think tank of their funders ; Their influencing approaches and tactics ( many researchers but an interesting one comes from Abelson ) and the time horizon for their strategies: long term and short term mobilisation ; Their various audiences of the think tanks ( audiences as consumers and public-this merits another blog ; soon ) ( again, many authors, but Zufeng provides a good framework for China ); and Affiliation, which refers to the issue of independence ( or autonomy ) but also includes think tanks with formal and informal links to political parties, interest groups and other political players.

sometimes used interchangeably with the term is the martial art, strategy, and tactics of unconventional warfare and guerrilla warfare as well as the art of espionage purportedly practiced by the shinobi ( commonly known outside of Japan as ninja ).

Direct action tactics have been around for as long as conflicts have existed but it is not known when the term first appeared.

The term " human wave attack " has been used to describe the infantry assault tactics used by several armed forces around the world.

The term " human wave attack " was often misused to describe the Chinese short attack — a combination of infiltration and the shock tactics employed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army ( PLA ) during the Korean War.

In the Philippines, Alfredo Lim popularized such tactics during his term as mayor of Manila.

The term guerrilla marketing is easily traced to guerrilla warfare which utilizes atypical tactics to achieve a goal in a competitive and unforgiving environment.

DMST on March 17, 1922, military drill was superseded by the term " military science and tactics ".

The term originated to describe misinformation tactics in the computer hardware industry and has since been used more broadly.

That could be using tactics that are generally accepted as overpowered, " camping " ( another gamer term ) which means lying in wait all the time without necessarily accomplishing anything useful, jumping around with no purpose.

The term may also refer to the tactics involved in defense, or a sub-team whose primary responsibility is defense.

" Melee " has been adopted and popularized as a term in war-gaming, board games, tabletop role-playing games and video games to encompass all close-quarter fighting and directly striking an opponent at ranges generally less than a few feet with, but not only, fists, feet, knives, rifle-butts or any other melee weapon or special spells or tactics with the intention of causing harm.

In other realms the term is used to connote a change in tactics or in who is ahead in a competition.

In politics, the term salami tactics has been used since the 1940s to refer to a divide and conquer process of threats and alliances used to overcome opposition.

* Red Cell, a term in US Government parlance for teams that test the effectiveness of tactics

The two major parties regularly complain of entryism tactics by the other-however complaints by the Democrats against Republicans are more common, leading to the term ' dirty tricks ' being associated with the right wing since the Nixon era.

* The Gironde – Technically, a group of twelve republican deputies more moderate in their tactics than the Montagnards, though arguably many were no less radical in their beliefs ; the term is often applied more broadly to others of similar politics.

* Embrace, extend and extinguish, a term referring to Microsoft's business tactics

They will not look highly upon spread ( which is the debate term for speed reading during speeches ) or progressive debate tactics like counterplan and kritik )

It was Gustavus ' policy to have each arm support the other, so demonstrating an early appreciation of the benefits of combined arms tactics, though long before the term was coined.

" The term stealth refers both to a broad set of tactics aimed at providing and preserving the element of surprise and reducing enemy resistance and to a set of technologies ( stealth technology ) to aid in those tactics.