Though unique for each pope, the arms are always surmounted by the two keys in saltire ( i. e., crossed over one another so as to form an X ) behind the escutcheon ( shield ) ( one silver key and one gold key, tied with a red cord ), and above them a silver triregnum with three gold crowns and red infulae ( lappets — two strips of fabric hanging from the back of the triregnum which fall over the neck and shoulders when worn ).

It is the business of the pope to look after the interests of the Roman empire, since the empire derives its origin and its final authority from the papacy ; its origin, because it was originally transferred from Greece by and for the sake of the papacy ... its final authority, because the emperor is raised to his position by the pope who blesses him, crowns him and invests him with the empire .... Therefore, since three persons have lately been elected king by different parties, namely the youth son of Henry VI, Philip Hohenstaufen, brother of Henry VI, and Otto Brunswick, of the Welf family, so also three things must be taken into account in regard to each one, namely: the legality, the suitability and the expediency of his election ...... Far be it from us that we should defer to man rather than to God, or that we should fear the countenance of the powerful .... On the foregoing grounds, then, we decide that the youth should not at present be given the empire ; we utterly reject Philip for his manifest unfitness and we order his usurpation to be resisted by all .... since Otto is not only himself devoted to the church, but comes from devout ancestors on both sides ..... therefore we decree that he ought to be accepted and supported as king, and ought to be given the crown of empire, after the rights of the Roman church have been secured.

His most important work in potential theory is summarised in his 1911 book Researches in Potential Theory ( Potentialtheoretische Untersuchungen ), which received the Jablonowski Society award in Leipzig ( 1500 marks ), and the Richard Lieben award from the University of Vienna ( 2000 crowns ) for the most outstanding work in the field of pure and applied mathematics written by any kind of ' Austrian ' mathematician in the previous three years.

She presented Philip with three sons, for whom she had ambitions of securing Italian crowns.

All three of these titles merged with the Principality in the same person after the personal union of the Scottish and English crowns in 1603 with the accession of James VI of Scotland as James I of England, with the first Prince of Wales to receive them being his son Henry Frederick ( subsequently an incorporating union created a single British crown in 1707 ).

It draws upon the coat of arms of the Wuffingas dynasty: three crowns in a blue shield, the colour of the Swedish flag, superimposed on a St. George's cross.

The device refers to an old legend of the three crowns of East Anglia, and the blue colour represents the Anglo-Scandinavian heritage of much of East Anglia.

The three crowns of the Munster flag represent these three late kingdoms.

The Romanian Crown Jewels consist of three crowns: the Steel Crown, the Crown of Queen Elisabeta and the Crown of Queen Maria ; and two scepters: the Scepter of Ferdinand I and the Scepter of Carol II.

At other times the three were shown with staffs or sceptres, the symbols of dominion, and sometimes even with crowns.

His Aetia (" Causes "), another rare longer work surviving only in tattered papyrus fragments and quotations in later authors, was a collection of elegiac poems in four books, dealing with the foundation of cities, obscure religious ceremonies, unique local traditions apparently chosen for their oddity, and other customs, throughout the Hellenic world In the first three books at least, the formula appears to ask a question of the Muse, of the form, " Why, on Paros, do worshippers of the Charites use neither flutes nor crowns?

The Pageant crowns a Poultry Festival Queen who presides over the three day Poultry Festival.

Around 1199, King Otto gave three golden crowns made for the three wise men as a present to the church of Cologne: " Otto rex coloniensis curiam celebrans tres coronas de auro capitibus trium magorum imposuit "; MGSS 17, 292.

Because of the importance of the shrine and the cathedral for the later development of the city, the Coat of Arms of Cologne still shows these three crowns symbolizing the Three Kings.

He held all three crowns in a personal but not a political union.

Royal seal of Eric of Pomerania ( 1398 ) depicting: ( Centre ): a lion rampant crowned maintaining an axe ( representing Norway ) within an inescutcheon upon a cross over all ; Quarterly: in Dexter Chief, three lions passant in pale crowned and maintaining a Flag of Denmark | Danebrog upon a semy of hearts ( representing Denmark ); in Sinister Chief: three crowns ( representing Sweden or the Kalmar Union ); in Dexter Base: a lion rampant ( Folkung lion ) ( representing Sweden ); and in Sinister Base: a griffin segreant to sinister ( representing Pomerania ).

Treaty provisions made Charles unable to hold all three crowns.

Twining also notes the various allegorical meanings attributed to the three crowns of the papal tiara, but concludes that " it seems more likely that the symbolism is suggested by the idea that took shape in the 13th and 14th centuries that the Emperor was crowned with three crowns -- the silver crown of Germany at Aix-la-Chapelle, the iron crown of Lombardy at Milan or Monza and the golden imperial crown at Rome and therefore the Pope, too, should wear three crowns.

I was having lunch not long ago ( apologies to N. V. Peale ) with three distinguished historians ( one specializing in the European Middle Ages, one in American history, and one in the Far East ), and I asked them if they could name instances where the general mores had been radically changed with `` deliberate speed, majestic instancy '' ( Francis Thompson's words for the Hound Of Heaven's Pursuit ) by judicial fiat.

Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

Next were films such as The Winds of the Aures ( 1965 ) of Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina, Patrol To The East ( 1972 ) of Amar Laskri, Prohibited Area of Ahmed Lallem, ( 1972 ), The Opium and the stick of Ahmed Rachedi, or The Battle of Algiers ( 1966 ) which is an Algerian-Italian film selected three times at the Oscars.

In the following months, Hulbert and Spalding organized the National League by enlisting the four major teams in the East and the three other top teams in what was then considered to be the West.

The clipper route, which is the fastest sailing route around the world, follows the ACC around three continental capes-Cape Agulhas ( Africa ), South East Cape ( Australia ) and Cape Horn ( South America ).

Phillip's plan was for a squadron of three ships of the line and a frigate to mount a raid on Buenos Aires and Monte Video, then to proceed to the coasts of Chile, Peru and Mexico to maraud, and ultimately to cross the Pacific to join the British Navy's East India squadron for an attack on Manila.

In 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany was founded in West Germany and eventually included all of the American, British, and French zones, excluding those three countries ' zones in Berlin, while the Marxist-Leninist German Democratic Republic was proclaimed in East Germany.

In the United States and Canada, professional Major League Baseball ( MLB ) teams are divided into the National League ( NL ) and American League ( AL ), each with three divisions: East, West, and Central.

Historically, bongos occurred in three disjunct parts of Africa: East, Central and West.

In 1957, following the independence of Indonesia, Kalimantan was divided into three provinces: South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, and West Kalimantan.

Graphics and titles were developed by the Lambie-Nairn design agency and were gradually rolled out across the whole of BBC News, including a similar design for regional news starting with Newsroom South East and the three BBC Nations – Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

James Gelvin, a Middle East history professor, cites at least three reasons for why the British government chose to support Zionist aspirations.

Skeat “… in at least three cases and probably in all, in the form of codices " and he theorized that this form of notebook was invented in Rome and then “… must have spread rapidly to the Near East …” In his discussion of one of the earliest pagan parchment codices to survive from Oxyrhynchus in Egypt, Eric Turner seems to challenge Skeat ’ s notion when stating “… its mere existence is evidence that this book form had a prehistory ” and that “ early experiments with this book form may well have taken place outside of Egypt .” Early codices of parchment or papyrus appear to have been widely used as personal notebooks, for instance in recording copies of letters sent ( Cicero Fam.

* The Consulate of East Greece ( Livadeia ) ( from 15 November 1821, under the Areopagus of East Greece ) was headed 1 April 1821 – 15 November 1821 by three Consuls: Lambros Nakos, Ioannis Logothetis & Ioannis Filon

In Chinese astronomy, the stars of Centaurus are found in three areas: the Azure Dragon of the East ( 東方青龍, Dōng Fāng Qīng Lóng ), the Vermillion Bird of the South ( 南方朱雀, Nán Fāng Zhū Què ), and the Southern Asterisms ( 近南極星區, Jìnnánjíxīngōu ).

They have been listed as one of three occupational castes discriminated in East Africa.

Clicks are speech sounds found as consonants in many languages of southern Africa, and in three languages of East Africa.

There are three minority languages in East Africa which use clicks: Sandawe and Hadza of Tanzania, as well as Dahalo, an endangered South Cushitic language of Kenya which has clicks in only a few dozen words.

Following their bye week, Dallas went on a three game winning streak including wins over Atlanta and NFC East division rival Philadelphia.

In the process, the Cowboys clinched their second NFC East title in three years as well as the third seed in the NFC Playoffs.

The following season, the Cowboys avenged that defeat by beating the Eagles three times: twice during the regular season to claim the title as NFC East champions and once more in a wild-card playoff game by a combined score of 78 – 30, including a 24 – 0 shutout in week 17.

Besides the main island, there are three small islets at the mouth of the lagoon: West Island ( 3. 4 ha / 8. 4 acres ); Middle Island ( 6 ha / 14. 8 acres ); and East Island ( 11. 75 ha / 29 acres ).

In fact, the three Western commandants regularly protested the presence of the East German National People's Army ( NVA ) in East Berlin, particularly on the occasion of military parades.