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Page "Geostationary orbit" ¶ 24
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transponders and other
Smaller aircraft may use simpler traffic alerting systems such as TPAS, which are passive ( they do not actively interrogate the transponders of other aircraft ) and do not provide advisories for conflict resolution.
The feedhorn also selects the polarization of the waves to be received, which helps to attenuate unwanted signals from adjacent channels and transponders, and from other communications satellites at nearby orbital positions.
The wavelength converting transponders receive the input optical signal ( i. e., from a client-layer SONET / SDH or other signal ), convert that signal into the electrical domain, and retransmit the signal using a 1550 nm band laser.
The Westar satellites ' transponders were also leased by other companies for relaying video, voice, data, and facsimile ( fax ) transmissions.
This includes satellite transponders, radar, and other systems which use microwave dishes and reflectors rather than dipole-style antennas.
Currently, FasTrak transponders are not compatible with E-ZPass and other ETC systems used in other states.
Once it has been outfitted with transponders or other equipment, it is transported to Cannes-Mandelieu, where it is integrated onto the bus.
The legality and constitutionality of offering discounts to holders of transponders issued by Massachusetts as opposed to transponders issued by other states has been upheld twice at the federal appellate level, in 2003 by the First Circuit in a case arising out of Massachusetts and in 2010 by the Third Circuit in a case arising out of New Jersey.
I-PASS transponders cannot be used to pay for other services such as airport parking where E-ZPass transponders are currently accepted.
In the case of older units, only car and motorcycle I-PASS transponders are compatible with the E-ZPass system, and other users with older units ( e. g. semi truck operators ) must swap their current I-PASS transponder for a transponder compatible with both I-PASS and E-ZPass.
The other interference often experienced is between the aircraft's own electronic transmitters, i. e. transponders, being picked up by own radar.
The high-powered Ku band transponders, with both spot and steerable beams, were ideally suited to Digital DTH services for Thailand and other countries in the region.
Excess transponders on SBS satellites were leased to other companies, and SBS adopted some of ISACOMM's marketing tactics and even pursued the consumer long-distance market on a limited basis.

transponders and onboard
One of the two onboard transponders operated normally until November 20, 1966.

transponders and systems
This differs from WDM system transponders, including both coarse and dense wavelength-division multiplexing systems ( CWDM and DWDM ) that currently support OC-192 SONET signals, which can normally support thin-SONET – framed 10 Gigabit Ethernet.
The majority of installed systems in this category actually use electronic switching between fiber transponders.
* Communication Payload, normally composed of transponders, antenna, and switching systems
( Early DWDM systems contained 4 or 8 wavelength converting transponders in the mid 1990s.
However, in order to allow for transmission to remote client-layer systems ( and to allow for digital domain signal integrity determination ) such demultiplexed signals are usually sent to O / E / O output transponders prior to being relayed to their client-layer systems.
Often, the functionality of output transponder has been integrated into that of input transponder, so that most commercial systems have transponders that support bi-directional interfaces on both their 1550-nm ( i. e., internal ) side, and external ( i. e., client-facing ) side.
Many systems will offer 2. 5 Gbit / s transponders, which will normally mean the transponder is able to perform 3R regeneration on OC-3 / 12 / 48 signals, and possibly gigabit Ethernet, and reporting on signal health by monitoring SONET / SDH section layer overhead bytes.
Many ETC systems use transponders like this one to electronically debit the accounts of registered cars without their stopping
To avoid the need for transponders, some systems, notably the 407 ETR ( Electronic Toll Route ) near Toronto, use automatic number plate recognition.
These systems range from simple coded track circuits to transponders that communicate with the cab, to communication-based train control systems.
The newest systems ( such as ASES on New Jersey Transit commuter lines ) use line side transponders to transmit complex messages to the passing train.
Other applications of pseudolite arrays include precision approach landing systems for aircraft and highly accurate tracking of transponders.
Tiny satellites such as nanosats and small microsats may lack the power supply or mass for large conventional radio transponders, and various miniaturized or innovative communications systems have been proposed, such a laser receivers, antenna arrays and satellite to satellite communication networks.
Much of this operation was relocated to a new facility in Sylmar, CA where they had a large and deep indoor pool for testing sonar transponders and systems.
Many ETC systems use transponders like this one to electronically debit the accounts of registered cars without their stopping
The satellite will be designed at satellite centre in Bangalore, payloads consisting of 40 transponders in Ku / Ka band will be built at the space applications centre in Ahmedabad and the 630-tonne rocket ( GSLV-Mark III ) will be rolled out from the liquid propulsion systems centre in Thiruvananthapuram.

transponders and by
The bandwidth available from a satellite depends upon the number of transponders provided by the satellite.
They use linear polarization for each of the transponders ' RF input and output ( as opposed to circular polarization used by DBS satellites ), but this is a minor technical difference that users do not notice.
The effect was first reported by persons working in the vicinity of radar transponders during World War II.
After EchoStar obtained the broadcasting assets of a failed joint venture between ASkyB and MCI WorldCom, it had more than doubled its capacity by adding 28 transponders at the 110 ° W orbital location.
The British put this concept to use in their Rebecca / Eureka system, where battery-powered " Eureka " transponders were triggered by airborne " Rebecca " radios and then displayed on ASV Mk.
Though often race times are recorded manually by race organizers, sometimes road races feature electronic timing using transponders.
The infrastructure used a phased array antenna K < sub > u </ sub > band antenna manufactured by either Boeing or Mitsubishi Electric Corporation on the aircraft, leased satellite transponders, and ground stations.
To prevent this from happening, Ontario drivers who use the 407 ETR, especially those who do not have a transponder leased from the 407 ETR ( customers who lease transponders have already given the 407 ETR their billing information and as such are less likely to be affected by this ), are required to keep their contact information updated with 407 ETR.
E-ZPass tags are battery powered RFID transponders, made exclusively by Kapsch TrafficCom ( formerly Mark IV Industries Corp-IVHS Division.
Automatic station stops are handled by track mounted transponders and can be overridden by the operator for non-stopping trains.
In addition to equipment listed below, all GMDSS-regulated ships must carry a satellite EPIRB, a NAVTEX receiver ( if they travel in any areas served by NAVTEX ), an Inmarsat-C SafetyNET receiver ( if they travel in any areas not served by NAVTEX ), a DSC-equipped VHF radiotelephone, two ( if between 300 and less than 500 GRT ) or three VHF handhelds ( if 500 GRT or more ), and two 9 GHz search and rescue radar transponders ( SART ).
TransMilenio buses are not equipped with transponders to give them traffic signal priority, a regret voiced by the general manager of the system, Angelica Castro.
By the time that the 91 Express Lanes opened in 1995, the FasTrak transponders were redesigned to be the size of a coaster that could be mounted by Velcro strips to the windshield.
The system uses Amtech active RFID windshield-mounted transponders manufactured by TransCore along with lane equipment designed by several companies including SAIC, TransCore, and Raytheon.
SunPass portable transponders are sold for plus sales tax to customers who prefer the portability offered by the transponder ; this is a revenue generator that Sunpass employs so that customers may have the privilege of using SunPass's toll system.
SunPass Mini sticker RFID passive transponders, about the size of a credit card, operate on the energy emitted by toll barrier detectors, thus requiring no battery and providing no indicators.
SunPass was introduced on April 24, 1999, and by October 1 of the same year, more than 100, 000 SunPass transponders had been sold.
When mice and rats were injected with glass-encapsulated RFID transponders, like those made by VeriChip, they " developed malignant, fast-growing, lethal cancers in up to 1 % to 10 % of cases " at the site at which the microchip was injected or to which it had migrated.
* 2003: Before a national television audience, Ricky Craven and Kurt Busch fought a memorable duel that came down to the final turn, when Craven edged out Busch by 0. 002 seconds ( about 1-2 inches ) in the joint closest finish in NASCAR history since NASCAR started using electronic transponders to determine scoring ( along with the Aaron's 499 at Talledega in Spring 2011 where Jimmie Johnson edged out Clint Bowyer at the flag ).

0.644 seconds.